WONG'S ESSENTIALS OF
PEDIATRIC NURSING AND
WONG'S NURSING CARE OF
INFANTS AND CHILDREN BY
MARILYN J. HOCKENBERRY
200 Questions and correct
answers
Section 1: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing & Family-Centered Care (Questions
1–25)
1. Question: What is the primary goal of family-centered care in pediatric nursing?
Answer: To promote, support, and enhance the health and well-being of children and
their families through a mutually beneficial partnership.
2. Question: When assessing infant mortality statistics in the United States compared to
other developed nations with populations over 25 million, how does the U.S. typically
rank? Answer: Near the lower end or lagging behind several other developed countries,
highlighting disparities in healthcare access and prenatal care.
3. Question: What is the leading cause of death in children over the age of 1 year in the
United States? Answer: Unintentional injuries (accidents), particularly motor vehicle-
related injuries and drowning.
4. Question: What age group constitutes the "neonatal" period in pediatric classifications?
Answer: From birth through the first 28 days of life.
5. Question: Which philosophy of care recognizes that the family is the constant in a
child’s life and that service systems must support, respect, and enhance the family's
strengths? Answer: Family-centered care.
6. Question: What term describes the legal and ethical responsibility of providing care that
meets or exceeds the established standards of pediatric practice? Answer: Standard of
care.
,7. Question: What is atraumatic care? Answer: Therapeutic care that minimizes or
eliminates psychological and physical distress experienced by children and their families
in the health care system.
8. Question: What is the primary role of the pediatric nurse when dealing with an
adolescent patient who refuses a treatment? Answer: Assess the adolescent's reasoning,
involve the parents, and balance ethical principles of autonomy with the legal rights of
minors and parents.
9. Question: In the context of preventive pediatric health, what intervention has the single
greatest impact on reducing childhood morbidity and mortality globally? Answer:
Childhood immunizations (vaccination programs).
10. Question: What is the definition of pediatric morbidity? Answer: The measure of the
prevalence of a specific illness, condition, or injury in a pediatric population over a given
time.
11. Question: Which pediatric developmental milestone assessment tool is most commonly
utilized worldwide to screen children from birth to 6 years of age? Answer: Denver
Developmental Screening Test (Denver II).
12. Question: What factor places children of low-income families at the highest risk for
developmental delays and chronic health issues? Answer: Inadequate access to
continuous healthcare, poor nutrition, and environmental stressors.
13. Question: How does the nurse best define "limnology" or "child health nursing" scope?
Answer: The prevention of illness and the promotion and maintenance of optimal health
for children from infancy through adolescence.
14. Question: What is the most critical component when obtaining informed consent for a
surgical procedure on a 7-year-old child? Answer: Obtaining the signature of the parent
or legal guardian, coupled with seeking assent from the child if developmentally
appropriate.
15. Question: When an emancipated minor seeks medical treatment, do they require parental
consent? Answer: No, emancipated minors have the legal right to consent to their own
medical care.
16. Question: What is the legal exception where a minor can give consent for their own
medical treatment without parental involvement in most states? Answer: Treatment
regarding sexually transmitted infections, substance abuse, mental health counseling, and
reproductive health services.
17. Question: What constitutes "assent" in pediatric healthcare? Answer: The child's
agreement to participate in research or treatment, based on their developmental capacity
to understand.
, 18. Question: What is the nurse's legal obligation if child abuse or neglect is suspected?
Answer: To report the suspicion immediately to the appropriate child protective services
or law enforcement agency as a mandated reporter.
19. Question: What is the most common form of child maltreatment reported in the United
States? Answer: Neglect.
20. Question: What behavioral indicator is frequently observed in a preschooler
experiencing emotional abuse or severe neglect? Answer: Regression in developmental
milestones, such as loss of bladder control or extreme withdrawal.
21. Question: What type of injury pattern is highly suspicious for non-accidental trauma
(physical abuse) in an infant? Answer: Symmetric cigarette burns, multiple bruises in
various stages of healing, or bucket-handle rib fractures.
22. Question: What is Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma) characterized by
clinically? Answer: Retinal hemorrhages, subdural hematomas, and little to no external
signs of head trauma.
23. Question: How should a pediatric nurse approach culturally competent care? Answer:
By assessing the family's cultural beliefs, values, and practices and integrating them into
the plan of care without personal bias.
24. Question: What is cultural relativism? Answer: The view that all beliefs, customs, and
ethics are relative to the individual within their own social context and cannot be judged
objectively by another culture's standards.
25. Question: What term describes the process by which a member of a minority group
adopts the cultural traits of the mainstream culture? Answer: Assimilation.
Section 2: Growth, Development, and Nutrition (Questions 26–50)
26. Question: At what age does an infant typically double their birth weight? Answer:
Between 4 and 6 months of age.
27. Question: At what age does an infant typically triple their birth weight? Answer: At 1
year (12 months) of age.
28. Question: What is the expected posterior fontanel closure timeline in a normal infant?
Answer: By 2 months of age.
29. Question: What is the expected anterior fontanel closure timeline in a normal infant?
Answer: Between 12 and 18 months of age.
PEDIATRIC NURSING AND
WONG'S NURSING CARE OF
INFANTS AND CHILDREN BY
MARILYN J. HOCKENBERRY
200 Questions and correct
answers
Section 1: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing & Family-Centered Care (Questions
1–25)
1. Question: What is the primary goal of family-centered care in pediatric nursing?
Answer: To promote, support, and enhance the health and well-being of children and
their families through a mutually beneficial partnership.
2. Question: When assessing infant mortality statistics in the United States compared to
other developed nations with populations over 25 million, how does the U.S. typically
rank? Answer: Near the lower end or lagging behind several other developed countries,
highlighting disparities in healthcare access and prenatal care.
3. Question: What is the leading cause of death in children over the age of 1 year in the
United States? Answer: Unintentional injuries (accidents), particularly motor vehicle-
related injuries and drowning.
4. Question: What age group constitutes the "neonatal" period in pediatric classifications?
Answer: From birth through the first 28 days of life.
5. Question: Which philosophy of care recognizes that the family is the constant in a
child’s life and that service systems must support, respect, and enhance the family's
strengths? Answer: Family-centered care.
6. Question: What term describes the legal and ethical responsibility of providing care that
meets or exceeds the established standards of pediatric practice? Answer: Standard of
care.
,7. Question: What is atraumatic care? Answer: Therapeutic care that minimizes or
eliminates psychological and physical distress experienced by children and their families
in the health care system.
8. Question: What is the primary role of the pediatric nurse when dealing with an
adolescent patient who refuses a treatment? Answer: Assess the adolescent's reasoning,
involve the parents, and balance ethical principles of autonomy with the legal rights of
minors and parents.
9. Question: In the context of preventive pediatric health, what intervention has the single
greatest impact on reducing childhood morbidity and mortality globally? Answer:
Childhood immunizations (vaccination programs).
10. Question: What is the definition of pediatric morbidity? Answer: The measure of the
prevalence of a specific illness, condition, or injury in a pediatric population over a given
time.
11. Question: Which pediatric developmental milestone assessment tool is most commonly
utilized worldwide to screen children from birth to 6 years of age? Answer: Denver
Developmental Screening Test (Denver II).
12. Question: What factor places children of low-income families at the highest risk for
developmental delays and chronic health issues? Answer: Inadequate access to
continuous healthcare, poor nutrition, and environmental stressors.
13. Question: How does the nurse best define "limnology" or "child health nursing" scope?
Answer: The prevention of illness and the promotion and maintenance of optimal health
for children from infancy through adolescence.
14. Question: What is the most critical component when obtaining informed consent for a
surgical procedure on a 7-year-old child? Answer: Obtaining the signature of the parent
or legal guardian, coupled with seeking assent from the child if developmentally
appropriate.
15. Question: When an emancipated minor seeks medical treatment, do they require parental
consent? Answer: No, emancipated minors have the legal right to consent to their own
medical care.
16. Question: What is the legal exception where a minor can give consent for their own
medical treatment without parental involvement in most states? Answer: Treatment
regarding sexually transmitted infections, substance abuse, mental health counseling, and
reproductive health services.
17. Question: What constitutes "assent" in pediatric healthcare? Answer: The child's
agreement to participate in research or treatment, based on their developmental capacity
to understand.
, 18. Question: What is the nurse's legal obligation if child abuse or neglect is suspected?
Answer: To report the suspicion immediately to the appropriate child protective services
or law enforcement agency as a mandated reporter.
19. Question: What is the most common form of child maltreatment reported in the United
States? Answer: Neglect.
20. Question: What behavioral indicator is frequently observed in a preschooler
experiencing emotional abuse or severe neglect? Answer: Regression in developmental
milestones, such as loss of bladder control or extreme withdrawal.
21. Question: What type of injury pattern is highly suspicious for non-accidental trauma
(physical abuse) in an infant? Answer: Symmetric cigarette burns, multiple bruises in
various stages of healing, or bucket-handle rib fractures.
22. Question: What is Shaken Baby Syndrome (Abusive Head Trauma) characterized by
clinically? Answer: Retinal hemorrhages, subdural hematomas, and little to no external
signs of head trauma.
23. Question: How should a pediatric nurse approach culturally competent care? Answer:
By assessing the family's cultural beliefs, values, and practices and integrating them into
the plan of care without personal bias.
24. Question: What is cultural relativism? Answer: The view that all beliefs, customs, and
ethics are relative to the individual within their own social context and cannot be judged
objectively by another culture's standards.
25. Question: What term describes the process by which a member of a minority group
adopts the cultural traits of the mainstream culture? Answer: Assimilation.
Section 2: Growth, Development, and Nutrition (Questions 26–50)
26. Question: At what age does an infant typically double their birth weight? Answer:
Between 4 and 6 months of age.
27. Question: At what age does an infant typically triple their birth weight? Answer: At 1
year (12 months) of age.
28. Question: What is the expected posterior fontanel closure timeline in a normal infant?
Answer: By 2 months of age.
29. Question: What is the expected anterior fontanel closure timeline in a normal infant?
Answer: Between 12 and 18 months of age.
