WGU C854 COMPUTER SCIENCE
CAPSTONE CPE 2027 EXAM PREP
1. Which phase of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) focuses on gathering specific
user needs to determine what the system should do without defining how it will be built?
A. Design phase
B. Requirements Analysis phase
C. Implementation phase
D. Maintenance phase
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: The Requirements Analysis phase focuses on identifying the
business requirements and user needs to define the scope and functionality of the project.
2. In the context of the CAP theorem for distributed systems, if a system prioritizes
Consistency and Availability, what must it sacrifice during a network partition?
A. Partition Tolerance
B. Durability
C. Scalability
D. Performance
,Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The CAP theorem states that a distributed system can only
provide two of three guarantees: Consistency, Availability, and Partition Tolerance.
3. Which project management document defines the project’s goals, scope, and deliverables,
serving as a contract-like agreement between stakeholders?
A. Source Code
B. User Manual
C. Risk Register
D. Project Charter
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The Project Charter formally authorizes the project and outlines
the objectives and stakeholders’ responsibilities.
4. In Agile Scrum methodology, who is responsible for maintaining the Product Backlog and
ensuring the team delivers value to the business?
A. Scrum Master
B. Development Team
C. Project Lead
D. Product Owner
Answer: D
, Conceptual Explanation: The Product Owner represents the stakeholders and is
responsible for prioritizing the backlog and maximizing the value of the product.
5. Which design pattern is used to ensure that a class has only one instance and provides a
global point of access to it?
A. Factory Pattern
B. Observer Pattern
C. Strategy Pattern
D. Singleton Pattern
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The Singleton Pattern restricts the instantiation of a class to one
single instance.
6. Which of the following describes ‘technical debt’ in software development?
A. The financial cost of buying server hardware
B. The implied cost of future rework caused by choosing an easy but limited solution now
C. The salary owed to software engineers upon project completion
D. The legal liability for software bugs discovered by users
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Technical debt occurs when quick, suboptimal code is written,
requiring more effort to fix or refactor later.
CAPSTONE CPE 2027 EXAM PREP
1. Which phase of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) focuses on gathering specific
user needs to determine what the system should do without defining how it will be built?
A. Design phase
B. Requirements Analysis phase
C. Implementation phase
D. Maintenance phase
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: The Requirements Analysis phase focuses on identifying the
business requirements and user needs to define the scope and functionality of the project.
2. In the context of the CAP theorem for distributed systems, if a system prioritizes
Consistency and Availability, what must it sacrifice during a network partition?
A. Partition Tolerance
B. Durability
C. Scalability
D. Performance
,Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: The CAP theorem states that a distributed system can only
provide two of three guarantees: Consistency, Availability, and Partition Tolerance.
3. Which project management document defines the project’s goals, scope, and deliverables,
serving as a contract-like agreement between stakeholders?
A. Source Code
B. User Manual
C. Risk Register
D. Project Charter
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The Project Charter formally authorizes the project and outlines
the objectives and stakeholders’ responsibilities.
4. In Agile Scrum methodology, who is responsible for maintaining the Product Backlog and
ensuring the team delivers value to the business?
A. Scrum Master
B. Development Team
C. Project Lead
D. Product Owner
Answer: D
, Conceptual Explanation: The Product Owner represents the stakeholders and is
responsible for prioritizing the backlog and maximizing the value of the product.
5. Which design pattern is used to ensure that a class has only one instance and provides a
global point of access to it?
A. Factory Pattern
B. Observer Pattern
C. Strategy Pattern
D. Singleton Pattern
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: The Singleton Pattern restricts the instantiation of a class to one
single instance.
6. Which of the following describes ‘technical debt’ in software development?
A. The financial cost of buying server hardware
B. The implied cost of future rework caused by choosing an easy but limited solution now
C. The salary owed to software engineers upon project completion
D. The legal liability for software bugs discovered by users
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Technical debt occurs when quick, suboptimal code is written,
requiring more effort to fix or refactor later.
