Pediatric Physical ExamP a g e | 1
Pediatric Physical Pediatric Physical
Examination 3 & Health Assessment 1st Edition
by Sawyer Test Banknation & Health
Assessment 1st Edition by Sawyer Test
Bankination & Health Assessment 1st Edition
by Sawyer Test Bank
The nurse has provided home care instructions to the parents of a child who is being discharged after
cardiac surgery. Which statement made by the parents indicates a need for further instruction?
"A balance of rest and activity is important."
2."I can apply lotion or powder to the incision if it is itchy." 3."Activities in which my child could fall
need to be avoided for 2 to 4 weeks." 4."Large crowds of people need to be avoided for at least 2
weeks after surgery." –
Correct Answer2
Rationale:The mother should be instructed that lotions and powders should not be applied to the
incision site after cardiac surgery. Lotions and powders can irritate the surrounding skin, which could
P a g e 1 | 64
, Pediatric Physical ExamP a g e | 2
lead to skin breakdown and subsequent infection of the incision site. Options 1, 3, and 4 are accurate
instructions regarding home care after cardiac surgery.
A pediatrician has prescribed oxygen as needed for an infant with heart failure. In which situation
should the nurse administer the oxygen to the infant?
1.
During sleep
2.
When changing the infant's diapers
3.
When the mother is holding the infant
4.
When drawing blood for electrolyte level testing –
Correct Answer4
Heart failure (HF) is the inability of the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood to meet the oxygen
and metabolic needs of the body. Crying exhausts the limited energy supply, increases the workload
of the heart, and increases the oxygen demands. Oxygen administration may be prescribed for
stressful periods, especially during bouts of crying or invasive procedures. Options 1, 2, and 3 are not
likely to produce crying in the infant.
Assessment findings of an infant admitted to the hospital reveal a machinery-like murmur on
auscultation of the heart and signs of heart failure. The nurse reviews congenital cardiac anomalies
and identifies the infant's condition as which disorder? Refer to figure (the circled area) to determine
the condition.
1.
P a g e 2 | 64
, Pediatric Physical ExamP a g e | 3
Aortic stenosis
2.
Atrial septal defect
3.
Patent ductus arteriosus
4.
Ventricular septal defect –
Correct Answer3
The nurse reviews the record of a child who is suspected to have glomerulonephritis. Which statement
by the child's parent should the nurse expect that is associated with this diagnosis?
1."His pediatrician said his kidneys are working well." 2."I noticed his urine was the color of cola lately."
3."I'm so glad they didn't find any protein in his urine." 4."The nurse who admitted my child said his
blood pressure was low." - Correct AnswerGlomerulonephritis refers to a group of kidney disorders
characterized by inflammatory injury in the glomerulus. Gross hematuria, resulting in dark, smoky, cola-
colored or brown-colored urine, is a classic symptom of glomerulonephritis. Blood urea nitrogen levels
and serum creatinine levels may be elevated, indicating that kidney function is compromised. A mild to
moderate elevation in protein in the urine is associated with glomerulonephritis. Hypertension is also
common because of fluid volume overload secondary to the kidneys not working properly.
The nurse performing an admission assessment on a 2-year-old child who has been diagnosed with
nephrotic syndrome notes that which most common characteristic is associated with this syndrome?
1.Hypertension
2.Generalized edema
3.Increased urinary output
4.Frank, bright red blood in the urine
P a g e 3 | 64
, Pediatric Physical ExamP a g e | 4
- Correct Answer2
Rationale:Nephrotic syndrome is defined as massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipemia, and
edema. Other manifestations include weight gain; periorbital and facial edema that is most prominent
in the morning; leg, ankle, labial, or scrotal edema; decreased urine output and urine that is dark and
frothy; abdominal swelling; and blood pressure that is normal or slightly decreased.
7-year-old child is seen in a clinic, and the pediatrician documents a diagnosis of nighttime (nocturnal)
enuresis. The nurse should provide which information to the parents?
1.Nighttime (nocturnal) enuresis does not respond to treatment.
2.Nighttime (nocturnal) enuresis is caused by a psychiatric problem.
3.Nighttime (nocturnal) enuresis requires surgical intervention to improve the problem.
4.Nighttime (nocturnal) enuresis is usually outgrown without therapeutic intervention.
- Correct Answer4
Rationale:Nighttime (nocturnal) enuresis occurs in a child who has never been dry at night for
extended periods. The condition is common in children, and most children eventually outgrow
bedwetting without therapeutic intervention. The child is unable to sense a full bladder and does not
awaken to void. The child may have delayed maturation of the central nervous system. The condition
is not caused by a psychiatric problem.t
Which question should the nurse ask the parents of a child suspected of having glomerulonephritis?
"Did your child fall off a bike onto the handlebars?"
2.
"Has the child had persistent nausea and vomiting?"
3.
"Has the child been itching or had a rash anytime in the last week?"
4.
"Has the child had a sore throat or a throat infection in the last few weeks?" - Correct Answer4
P a g e 4 | 64
Pediatric Physical Pediatric Physical
Examination 3 & Health Assessment 1st Edition
by Sawyer Test Banknation & Health
Assessment 1st Edition by Sawyer Test
Bankination & Health Assessment 1st Edition
by Sawyer Test Bank
The nurse has provided home care instructions to the parents of a child who is being discharged after
cardiac surgery. Which statement made by the parents indicates a need for further instruction?
"A balance of rest and activity is important."
2."I can apply lotion or powder to the incision if it is itchy." 3."Activities in which my child could fall
need to be avoided for 2 to 4 weeks." 4."Large crowds of people need to be avoided for at least 2
weeks after surgery." –
Correct Answer2
Rationale:The mother should be instructed that lotions and powders should not be applied to the
incision site after cardiac surgery. Lotions and powders can irritate the surrounding skin, which could
P a g e 1 | 64
, Pediatric Physical ExamP a g e | 2
lead to skin breakdown and subsequent infection of the incision site. Options 1, 3, and 4 are accurate
instructions regarding home care after cardiac surgery.
A pediatrician has prescribed oxygen as needed for an infant with heart failure. In which situation
should the nurse administer the oxygen to the infant?
1.
During sleep
2.
When changing the infant's diapers
3.
When the mother is holding the infant
4.
When drawing blood for electrolyte level testing –
Correct Answer4
Heart failure (HF) is the inability of the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood to meet the oxygen
and metabolic needs of the body. Crying exhausts the limited energy supply, increases the workload
of the heart, and increases the oxygen demands. Oxygen administration may be prescribed for
stressful periods, especially during bouts of crying or invasive procedures. Options 1, 2, and 3 are not
likely to produce crying in the infant.
Assessment findings of an infant admitted to the hospital reveal a machinery-like murmur on
auscultation of the heart and signs of heart failure. The nurse reviews congenital cardiac anomalies
and identifies the infant's condition as which disorder? Refer to figure (the circled area) to determine
the condition.
1.
P a g e 2 | 64
, Pediatric Physical ExamP a g e | 3
Aortic stenosis
2.
Atrial septal defect
3.
Patent ductus arteriosus
4.
Ventricular septal defect –
Correct Answer3
The nurse reviews the record of a child who is suspected to have glomerulonephritis. Which statement
by the child's parent should the nurse expect that is associated with this diagnosis?
1."His pediatrician said his kidneys are working well." 2."I noticed his urine was the color of cola lately."
3."I'm so glad they didn't find any protein in his urine." 4."The nurse who admitted my child said his
blood pressure was low." - Correct AnswerGlomerulonephritis refers to a group of kidney disorders
characterized by inflammatory injury in the glomerulus. Gross hematuria, resulting in dark, smoky, cola-
colored or brown-colored urine, is a classic symptom of glomerulonephritis. Blood urea nitrogen levels
and serum creatinine levels may be elevated, indicating that kidney function is compromised. A mild to
moderate elevation in protein in the urine is associated with glomerulonephritis. Hypertension is also
common because of fluid volume overload secondary to the kidneys not working properly.
The nurse performing an admission assessment on a 2-year-old child who has been diagnosed with
nephrotic syndrome notes that which most common characteristic is associated with this syndrome?
1.Hypertension
2.Generalized edema
3.Increased urinary output
4.Frank, bright red blood in the urine
P a g e 3 | 64
, Pediatric Physical ExamP a g e | 4
- Correct Answer2
Rationale:Nephrotic syndrome is defined as massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipemia, and
edema. Other manifestations include weight gain; periorbital and facial edema that is most prominent
in the morning; leg, ankle, labial, or scrotal edema; decreased urine output and urine that is dark and
frothy; abdominal swelling; and blood pressure that is normal or slightly decreased.
7-year-old child is seen in a clinic, and the pediatrician documents a diagnosis of nighttime (nocturnal)
enuresis. The nurse should provide which information to the parents?
1.Nighttime (nocturnal) enuresis does not respond to treatment.
2.Nighttime (nocturnal) enuresis is caused by a psychiatric problem.
3.Nighttime (nocturnal) enuresis requires surgical intervention to improve the problem.
4.Nighttime (nocturnal) enuresis is usually outgrown without therapeutic intervention.
- Correct Answer4
Rationale:Nighttime (nocturnal) enuresis occurs in a child who has never been dry at night for
extended periods. The condition is common in children, and most children eventually outgrow
bedwetting without therapeutic intervention. The child is unable to sense a full bladder and does not
awaken to void. The child may have delayed maturation of the central nervous system. The condition
is not caused by a psychiatric problem.t
Which question should the nurse ask the parents of a child suspected of having glomerulonephritis?
"Did your child fall off a bike onto the handlebars?"
2.
"Has the child had persistent nausea and vomiting?"
3.
"Has the child been itching or had a rash anytime in the last week?"
4.
"Has the child had a sore throat or a throat infection in the last few weeks?" - Correct Answer4
P a g e 4 | 64
