PATHOPHYSIOLOGY BIO 280 FINAL EXAM WITH 100 QUESTIONS
PAGE 1 — Exam Structure & Strategy
• 100 questions, MCQ + SATA
• Cumulative: 80% Modules 1–12, 20% Modules 13–14 (GI)
• Not open book, Respondus Lockdown Browser
• Whiteboard allowed (must show blank at start & end)
• Prep: Key terms list, recorded lectures, tutoring, Appendix B practice resources
PAGE 2 — GI Disorders Overview (Modules 13–14)
(20% of exam)
PAGE 3 — Small vs. Large Bowel Obstruction
Small bowel:
• Rapid onset
• Cramping pain
• Vomiting early
• High-pitched tinkling bowel sounds
• Risk: adhesions
Large bowel:
• Gradual onset
• Distention
• Constipation
• Minimal vomiting
• Risk: tumors
PAGE 4 — Celiac Disease (Patho)
• Autoimmune reaction to gluten → villous atrophy
• Malabsorption → steatorrhea, weight loss, anemia
,PAGE 5 — Cholecystitis (Patho)
• Gallstone obstruction → inflammation
• RUQ pain, fever, Murphy’s sign
• Fatty food intolerance
PAGE 6 — Cirrhosis (Patho)
• Chronic liver damage → fibrosis → portal hypertension
• Complications: ascites, varices, jaundice, hepatic encephalopathy
PAGE 7 — Crohn’s vs. Ulcerative Colitis
Crohn’s:
• Anywhere, skip lesions
• Transmural
• Fistulas, weight loss
UC:
• Colon only
• Continuous
• Bloody diarrhea
PAGE 8 — Diverticulitis
• LLQ pain
• Fever
• Avoid colonoscopy during acute flare
PAGE 9 — Esophageal Varices
• Caused by portal hypertension
• Risk: massive GI bleed
PAGE 10 — Gallbladder Ducts
• Cystic duct: cholecystitis
• Common bile duct: jaundice, pancreatitis
, PAGE 11 — GERD
• Burning epigastric pain
• Worse lying down
• Chronic → Barrett’s esophagus
PAGE 12 — Hernia
• Risk: obesity, lifting, chronic cough
• Strangulation = emergency
PAGE 13 — H. pylori
• Ulcers
• Risk: gastric cancer
PAGE 14 — Jaundice (Patho)
• Prehepatic: hemolysis
• Hepatic: liver failure
• Posthepatic: obstruction
PAGE 15 — Liver Disease (Early vs. Late)
Early: fatigue, mild LFT elevation Late: ascites, varices, encephalopathy
PAGE 16 — Pancreatitis
• Autodigestion by enzymes
• Severe epigastric pain radiating to back
• ↑Lipase
PAGE 17 — Peritonitis
• Rigid abdomen
• Rebound tenderness
• Fever
PAGE 18 — Viral Hepatitis
• A: fecal-oral
PAGE 1 — Exam Structure & Strategy
• 100 questions, MCQ + SATA
• Cumulative: 80% Modules 1–12, 20% Modules 13–14 (GI)
• Not open book, Respondus Lockdown Browser
• Whiteboard allowed (must show blank at start & end)
• Prep: Key terms list, recorded lectures, tutoring, Appendix B practice resources
PAGE 2 — GI Disorders Overview (Modules 13–14)
(20% of exam)
PAGE 3 — Small vs. Large Bowel Obstruction
Small bowel:
• Rapid onset
• Cramping pain
• Vomiting early
• High-pitched tinkling bowel sounds
• Risk: adhesions
Large bowel:
• Gradual onset
• Distention
• Constipation
• Minimal vomiting
• Risk: tumors
PAGE 4 — Celiac Disease (Patho)
• Autoimmune reaction to gluten → villous atrophy
• Malabsorption → steatorrhea, weight loss, anemia
,PAGE 5 — Cholecystitis (Patho)
• Gallstone obstruction → inflammation
• RUQ pain, fever, Murphy’s sign
• Fatty food intolerance
PAGE 6 — Cirrhosis (Patho)
• Chronic liver damage → fibrosis → portal hypertension
• Complications: ascites, varices, jaundice, hepatic encephalopathy
PAGE 7 — Crohn’s vs. Ulcerative Colitis
Crohn’s:
• Anywhere, skip lesions
• Transmural
• Fistulas, weight loss
UC:
• Colon only
• Continuous
• Bloody diarrhea
PAGE 8 — Diverticulitis
• LLQ pain
• Fever
• Avoid colonoscopy during acute flare
PAGE 9 — Esophageal Varices
• Caused by portal hypertension
• Risk: massive GI bleed
PAGE 10 — Gallbladder Ducts
• Cystic duct: cholecystitis
• Common bile duct: jaundice, pancreatitis
, PAGE 11 — GERD
• Burning epigastric pain
• Worse lying down
• Chronic → Barrett’s esophagus
PAGE 12 — Hernia
• Risk: obesity, lifting, chronic cough
• Strangulation = emergency
PAGE 13 — H. pylori
• Ulcers
• Risk: gastric cancer
PAGE 14 — Jaundice (Patho)
• Prehepatic: hemolysis
• Hepatic: liver failure
• Posthepatic: obstruction
PAGE 15 — Liver Disease (Early vs. Late)
Early: fatigue, mild LFT elevation Late: ascites, varices, encephalopathy
PAGE 16 — Pancreatitis
• Autodigestion by enzymes
• Severe epigastric pain radiating to back
• ↑Lipase
PAGE 17 — Peritonitis
• Rigid abdomen
• Rebound tenderness
• Fever
PAGE 18 — Viral Hepatitis
• A: fecal-oral
