Complete Reaction Guide, Mechanisms,
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Rationales
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, Free Radical Halogenation
What free radical is most is likely to be formed from A tertiary radical (Most stable)
bromination?
Combustion
Pyrolysis (Cracking)
What are nucleophiles? Electron-rich species that are attracted to a positively polarized atom (i.e. a carbonyl
carbon)
What is a better nucleophile I or F? Flourine
What is a better leaving group I or F? Iodine
Sn1 Reaction
What doesn't a nucleophile play a role in the rate of an It is not involved in the rate-determining step...the formation of the carbocation.
Sn1 reaction?
What factors will help carbocation formation and therefore 1. Highly substituted carbons.
increase the rate of an Sn1 reaction? 2. Polar solvents (Surround and isolate the carbocation)
3. Good leaving groups (Weak bases)
Sn2 Reaction
Why is a Sn2 reaction bimolecular? Its rate-determining step is dependent on TWO species; both the substrate and the
nucleophile.
What are the best conditions for an Sn2 reaction? You must have a strong nucleophile for the backside attack (thats what she said)
with no steric hindrance.