Nursing Foundations 1 (2026) |
Comprehensive Study Guide, Practice
Questions, Answers & Nursing Exam
Review | Complete Ethics
Study Guide
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales
Included
,Module 1 - Safety
Describe physical and environmental risks that affect FALLS: history of falls, gait and balance problems, immobility, sensory impairment
patient safety and medications
PROCEDURE RELATED: medication eros, improper application or external devices
and improper performance of procedures
EQUIPMENT RELATED: malfunction, disrepair, misuse and electrical hazards
Interventions include addressing patient needs, and reducing physical hazards and
transmission of pathogens
Differentiate means of promoting safety across the lifespan INFANTS, TODDLERS, PRESCHOOLERS: parents should be educated for this
age group, many accidents are preventable. Ex. accidental poisoning, choking
hazards
SCHOOL AGED: Children should be instructed on safe playing and wearing
helmets and other safety equipment . Ex. Risk of being injured at school and play,
sports, games
ADOLESCENTS: Adults should act as role models. Ex. risk of suicide, risk when
trying new activites with friends outside the home such as alcohol and smoking
ADULTS: Should be given information about well being and the community should
be equipped to assist with lifestyle choices. Ex. postpartum depression, high stress,
inadequate nutrition, excessive alcohol and substance abuse
OLDER PERSONS: Interventions to reduce falls and accidents due to physiological
changes of aging. Ex. diminished eyesight, impaired mobility, impaired memory,
decreased hearing, slower response time
Describe safety risk assessment tools, and how they can
be used to determine patient risk for injury
Identify emergency response codes that may be used in Code Blue - Cardiac Arrest/Medical Emergency
various health care settings Code Red - Fire
Code White - Violence/Aggression
Code Purple - Hostage
Code Yellow - Missing Person
Code Black - Bomb Threat
Code Grey - Shelter In Place
Code Green - Evacuation
Code Orange - Mass Casualty Incident
Code Brown - Chemical Spill/Hazardous Substance
Describe the Workplace Hazardous Materials Information It is a system for providing health and safety information on hazardous products
System (WHMIS) as it applies to health care intended for use.
Provides info on handling, usage, or storage in Canadian workplaces.
Describe the role of the practical nurse in relation to waste Needles and sharps - need to be disposed into the yellow biohazard containers
disposal and hazards including sharps Waste disposal - there is biohazard bags that can be used for waste products that
may be soiled.
Discuss the importance of patient identification in regard to Use at least 2 patient identifiers: name, date of birth, healthcare number to ensure
safe care you have the correct patient
Explain the acronym RACE and the steps to follow in the R - RESCUE
event of a fire A - ALARM
C - CONFINE
E - EXTINGUISH / EVACUATE
, Describe the different types of restraints and the principle PHYSICAL: immobilize a patient or their extremity
of least restraint
CHEMICAL: using medications to control behavior
ENVIRONMENTAL: limiting access to other areas
**Alternatives to restraints should always be tried first
Restraint selected should address the patients needs in the least restrictive way
possible
Some examples of less invasive restraints Bed alarm, Wander-guard/other proximity alarms, Chair alarms, Seat belt alarms
Identify the ten rights of medication delivery and Right patient
understand the importance behind each of the rights Right medication
Right dose
Right route
Right date, time, frequency
Right reason
Right documentation
Right to refuse
Right patient education
Right evaluation
Explain the three times that medication accuracy is Pull - As you pull the medication
checked and how these checks relate to safe medication Pour - After you pour the medication
administration Put away - Before You Put the medication away
Multiple checks help ensure the right medication and amount is being used
Module 2 - Mobility and Immobility
Describe how the principles of body mechanics are used proper body mechanics will prevent injuries to the patient as well as the nurse
and adapted in the healthcare environment proper posture, bend knees when lifting, ears and shoulders in line
Explain the benefits of exercise Physical and emotional well being
Maintenance and function
Mental health
Gets digestive tract moving
Identify the complications of immobility on body systems METABOLIC: decreased metabolic rate, fluid and electrolyte imbalances,
decreased appetite, GI slowing and constipation
RESPIRATORY: atelectasis (collapse of alveoli), hypostatic pneumonia (lung
inflammation from pooling secretions)
CARDIOVASCULAR: orthostatic hypotension, increased workload on heart and
thrombus
MUSCULOSKELETAL: muscle weakness, deconditioning, loss of joint stability,
bone loss, pathologic fractures and contractures
URINARY: difficulty emptying bladder, kidney stones, UTI, lack of normal urine flow
PSYCHOSOCIAL: social isolation, decreased social interaction, role changes,
sleep-wake pattern changes, behavioral outbursts, depression and delirium
Differentiate between the role of the physiotherapist and The role of a PT may be higher than a LPN in this case when moving patients,
the role of the practical nurse in patient mobility always ask a PT if you're unsure with doing a lift or moving an immobile patient.
Comprehensive Study Guide, Practice
Questions, Answers & Nursing Exam
Review | Complete Ethics
Study Guide
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales
Included
,Module 1 - Safety
Describe physical and environmental risks that affect FALLS: history of falls, gait and balance problems, immobility, sensory impairment
patient safety and medications
PROCEDURE RELATED: medication eros, improper application or external devices
and improper performance of procedures
EQUIPMENT RELATED: malfunction, disrepair, misuse and electrical hazards
Interventions include addressing patient needs, and reducing physical hazards and
transmission of pathogens
Differentiate means of promoting safety across the lifespan INFANTS, TODDLERS, PRESCHOOLERS: parents should be educated for this
age group, many accidents are preventable. Ex. accidental poisoning, choking
hazards
SCHOOL AGED: Children should be instructed on safe playing and wearing
helmets and other safety equipment . Ex. Risk of being injured at school and play,
sports, games
ADOLESCENTS: Adults should act as role models. Ex. risk of suicide, risk when
trying new activites with friends outside the home such as alcohol and smoking
ADULTS: Should be given information about well being and the community should
be equipped to assist with lifestyle choices. Ex. postpartum depression, high stress,
inadequate nutrition, excessive alcohol and substance abuse
OLDER PERSONS: Interventions to reduce falls and accidents due to physiological
changes of aging. Ex. diminished eyesight, impaired mobility, impaired memory,
decreased hearing, slower response time
Describe safety risk assessment tools, and how they can
be used to determine patient risk for injury
Identify emergency response codes that may be used in Code Blue - Cardiac Arrest/Medical Emergency
various health care settings Code Red - Fire
Code White - Violence/Aggression
Code Purple - Hostage
Code Yellow - Missing Person
Code Black - Bomb Threat
Code Grey - Shelter In Place
Code Green - Evacuation
Code Orange - Mass Casualty Incident
Code Brown - Chemical Spill/Hazardous Substance
Describe the Workplace Hazardous Materials Information It is a system for providing health and safety information on hazardous products
System (WHMIS) as it applies to health care intended for use.
Provides info on handling, usage, or storage in Canadian workplaces.
Describe the role of the practical nurse in relation to waste Needles and sharps - need to be disposed into the yellow biohazard containers
disposal and hazards including sharps Waste disposal - there is biohazard bags that can be used for waste products that
may be soiled.
Discuss the importance of patient identification in regard to Use at least 2 patient identifiers: name, date of birth, healthcare number to ensure
safe care you have the correct patient
Explain the acronym RACE and the steps to follow in the R - RESCUE
event of a fire A - ALARM
C - CONFINE
E - EXTINGUISH / EVACUATE
, Describe the different types of restraints and the principle PHYSICAL: immobilize a patient or their extremity
of least restraint
CHEMICAL: using medications to control behavior
ENVIRONMENTAL: limiting access to other areas
**Alternatives to restraints should always be tried first
Restraint selected should address the patients needs in the least restrictive way
possible
Some examples of less invasive restraints Bed alarm, Wander-guard/other proximity alarms, Chair alarms, Seat belt alarms
Identify the ten rights of medication delivery and Right patient
understand the importance behind each of the rights Right medication
Right dose
Right route
Right date, time, frequency
Right reason
Right documentation
Right to refuse
Right patient education
Right evaluation
Explain the three times that medication accuracy is Pull - As you pull the medication
checked and how these checks relate to safe medication Pour - After you pour the medication
administration Put away - Before You Put the medication away
Multiple checks help ensure the right medication and amount is being used
Module 2 - Mobility and Immobility
Describe how the principles of body mechanics are used proper body mechanics will prevent injuries to the patient as well as the nurse
and adapted in the healthcare environment proper posture, bend knees when lifting, ears and shoulders in line
Explain the benefits of exercise Physical and emotional well being
Maintenance and function
Mental health
Gets digestive tract moving
Identify the complications of immobility on body systems METABOLIC: decreased metabolic rate, fluid and electrolyte imbalances,
decreased appetite, GI slowing and constipation
RESPIRATORY: atelectasis (collapse of alveoli), hypostatic pneumonia (lung
inflammation from pooling secretions)
CARDIOVASCULAR: orthostatic hypotension, increased workload on heart and
thrombus
MUSCULOSKELETAL: muscle weakness, deconditioning, loss of joint stability,
bone loss, pathologic fractures and contractures
URINARY: difficulty emptying bladder, kidney stones, UTI, lack of normal urine flow
PSYCHOSOCIAL: social isolation, decreased social interaction, role changes,
sleep-wake pattern changes, behavioral outbursts, depression and delirium
Differentiate between the role of the physiotherapist and The role of a PT may be higher than a LPN in this case when moving patients,
the role of the practical nurse in patient mobility always ask a PT if you're unsure with doing a lift or moving an immobile patient.
