BIOD 101 Essential Biology I w/Lab –
Modules 2-6 & Final Exam Review
2026/2027 Comprehensive Q&A Compilation
with Rationales
Portage Learning | LockDown Browser
Format
, EXAM FORMAT & INSTRUCTIONS
Exam Type: Multiple choice, true/false, and fill-in-the-blank
Time Limit: Module exams are typically timed (varies by module)
Resources: LockDown Browser required – no external resources permitted
Coverage: Modules 2–6 (cellular processes, DNA/genetics, cell signaling) and
comprehensive final exam
MODULE 2: CELL ORGANIZATION & MEMBRANE TRANSPORT
Question 1
The cell membrane is described as selectively permeable. Which statement best defines this
property?
A) All substances can freely pass through the membrane
B) Only water molecules can cross the membrane
C) Certain substances can pass through while others cannot
D) Energy is always required for substances to cross
Answer: C
Rationale: Selective permeability is the ability of the cell membrane to allow certain substances
to pass through while restricting others. This is a fundamental property of the phospholipid bilayer,
, which permits small nonpolar molecules to cross easily while requiring transport proteins for ions and
polar molecules-4.
Question 2
Which organelle serves as the control center of the cell and contains the genomic content?
A) Ribosome
B) Mitochondria
C) Nucleus
D) Golgi apparatus
Answer: C
Rationale: The nucleus contains the cell's DNA and serves as the command center, regulating
gene expression and coordinating cellular activities. Ribosomes are protein synthesis sites, mitochondria
produce ATP, and the Golgi apparatus modifies and packages proteins-5.
Question 3
What type of transport occurs when substances move through the membrane without the
input of energy?
A) Active transport
B) Passive transport
C) Endocytosis
D) Exocytosis
, Answer: B
Rationale: Passive transport involves the movement of substances across the membrane along
their concentration gradient without energy expenditure. Examples include simple diffusion, osmosis,
and facilitated diffusion. Active transport requires ATP to move substances against their concentration
gradient-4.
Question 4
True or False: The head group of a phospholipid is hydrophobic.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B (False)
Rationale: The head group of a phospholipid is hydrophilic (water-loving), while the fatty acid
tails are hydrophobic (water-fearing). This amphipathic nature allows phospholipids to form bilayers in
aqueous environments, with heads facing outward and tails facing inward-8.
Question 5
Specific ions bind to ________, and when a certain concentration has successfully attached,
the conformation of the channel changes, allowing ions on the outside to passively diffuse into the
cell.
A) Channel proteins
B) Carrier proteins
Modules 2-6 & Final Exam Review
2026/2027 Comprehensive Q&A Compilation
with Rationales
Portage Learning | LockDown Browser
Format
, EXAM FORMAT & INSTRUCTIONS
Exam Type: Multiple choice, true/false, and fill-in-the-blank
Time Limit: Module exams are typically timed (varies by module)
Resources: LockDown Browser required – no external resources permitted
Coverage: Modules 2–6 (cellular processes, DNA/genetics, cell signaling) and
comprehensive final exam
MODULE 2: CELL ORGANIZATION & MEMBRANE TRANSPORT
Question 1
The cell membrane is described as selectively permeable. Which statement best defines this
property?
A) All substances can freely pass through the membrane
B) Only water molecules can cross the membrane
C) Certain substances can pass through while others cannot
D) Energy is always required for substances to cross
Answer: C
Rationale: Selective permeability is the ability of the cell membrane to allow certain substances
to pass through while restricting others. This is a fundamental property of the phospholipid bilayer,
, which permits small nonpolar molecules to cross easily while requiring transport proteins for ions and
polar molecules-4.
Question 2
Which organelle serves as the control center of the cell and contains the genomic content?
A) Ribosome
B) Mitochondria
C) Nucleus
D) Golgi apparatus
Answer: C
Rationale: The nucleus contains the cell's DNA and serves as the command center, regulating
gene expression and coordinating cellular activities. Ribosomes are protein synthesis sites, mitochondria
produce ATP, and the Golgi apparatus modifies and packages proteins-5.
Question 3
What type of transport occurs when substances move through the membrane without the
input of energy?
A) Active transport
B) Passive transport
C) Endocytosis
D) Exocytosis
, Answer: B
Rationale: Passive transport involves the movement of substances across the membrane along
their concentration gradient without energy expenditure. Examples include simple diffusion, osmosis,
and facilitated diffusion. Active transport requires ATP to move substances against their concentration
gradient-4.
Question 4
True or False: The head group of a phospholipid is hydrophobic.
A) True
B) False
Answer: B (False)
Rationale: The head group of a phospholipid is hydrophilic (water-loving), while the fatty acid
tails are hydrophobic (water-fearing). This amphipathic nature allows phospholipids to form bilayers in
aqueous environments, with heads facing outward and tails facing inward-8.
Question 5
Specific ions bind to ________, and when a certain concentration has successfully attached,
the conformation of the channel changes, allowing ions on the outside to passively diffuse into the
cell.
A) Channel proteins
B) Carrier proteins
