Spanish CSET Subtest 1 Question and Answer
[2026] | UPDATED ACTUAL Exam | Complete
Exam Prep
• morphology (morfología) -✓✓ The study of the forms of words, how they are formed, &
their relationship to other words in the same language. Analyzes the structure of words
and parts of words, such as stems, root words, prefixes, and suffixes & looks at parts of
speech, intonation and stress, and the ways context can change a word's pronunciation
and meaning
• morpheme (morfema) -✓✓
• free morpheme -✓✓
• bound morpheme -✓✓
• inflectional (affixes in morphology) -✓✓
• derivational (morpheme) -✓✓
• Lexicon -✓✓ vocabulary of a language
• lexemes -✓✓
• Syntax -✓✓ a set of rules for constructing full sentences out of words phrases;
word order changes meaning
• semantics -✓✓ the literal meaning of words, sentences and phrases
• pragmatics -✓✓ the study of the use of language; deals with intentions behind
utterances
• productive rule of language -✓✓
• universal grammar -✓✓ a linguistic theory which argues that the ability to learn
language is innate, distinctly human and distinct from other aspects of human cognition;
that languge is hard wired into the brain
Noam Chomsky
• descriptive grammar -✓✓ a set of rules about language based on how it is actually
used; there is no right or wrong language; "he goes" means "he said"
represents the unconscious knowledge of language
, • prescriptive grammar -✓✓ the structure of lanuage as it should be used; grammtically
correct
• deep structure (language) -✓✓ the information that exists in the mind of the speaker as
more or less an abstract representation
• surface structure (language) -✓✓ expressing information linguistically by producing
sentences/utterances
• linguistic rules -✓✓
• language development -✓✓ a process starting early in life, infants start without
language yet by 10 months they can distinguish speech sounds and engage in
babbling.
• receptive (in language dev) -✓✓
• expressive ( Lang Dev.) -✓✓
• classification of languages -✓✓ classified according to different features such as the
way they use sounds, types of morphology, and word order.
• family and branches -✓✓ group of languages related through descent from a common
ancestor, then further divided.
• perspectives on the study of language -✓✓ synchronic and diachronic
• synchronic -✓✓
• diachronic -✓✓
• language change -✓✓ Alteration over time in any component of a language, such as
pronunciation, grammar, or vocabulary.
• different types of change that language undergo at all levels -✓✓ phonetic-sounds,
morphological-words, semantic-meaning, syntactic-set of rules, lexical- word bank
• mechanism by which languge occurs -✓✓
• umlaut -✓✓ sound change where a vowel sound was modified to conform more closely
to the vowel in the next syllable ex; foot - feet (first occured in germanic lang 450AD)
• phonological change -✓✓
[2026] | UPDATED ACTUAL Exam | Complete
Exam Prep
• morphology (morfología) -✓✓ The study of the forms of words, how they are formed, &
their relationship to other words in the same language. Analyzes the structure of words
and parts of words, such as stems, root words, prefixes, and suffixes & looks at parts of
speech, intonation and stress, and the ways context can change a word's pronunciation
and meaning
• morpheme (morfema) -✓✓
• free morpheme -✓✓
• bound morpheme -✓✓
• inflectional (affixes in morphology) -✓✓
• derivational (morpheme) -✓✓
• Lexicon -✓✓ vocabulary of a language
• lexemes -✓✓
• Syntax -✓✓ a set of rules for constructing full sentences out of words phrases;
word order changes meaning
• semantics -✓✓ the literal meaning of words, sentences and phrases
• pragmatics -✓✓ the study of the use of language; deals with intentions behind
utterances
• productive rule of language -✓✓
• universal grammar -✓✓ a linguistic theory which argues that the ability to learn
language is innate, distinctly human and distinct from other aspects of human cognition;
that languge is hard wired into the brain
Noam Chomsky
• descriptive grammar -✓✓ a set of rules about language based on how it is actually
used; there is no right or wrong language; "he goes" means "he said"
represents the unconscious knowledge of language
, • prescriptive grammar -✓✓ the structure of lanuage as it should be used; grammtically
correct
• deep structure (language) -✓✓ the information that exists in the mind of the speaker as
more or less an abstract representation
• surface structure (language) -✓✓ expressing information linguistically by producing
sentences/utterances
• linguistic rules -✓✓
• language development -✓✓ a process starting early in life, infants start without
language yet by 10 months they can distinguish speech sounds and engage in
babbling.
• receptive (in language dev) -✓✓
• expressive ( Lang Dev.) -✓✓
• classification of languages -✓✓ classified according to different features such as the
way they use sounds, types of morphology, and word order.
• family and branches -✓✓ group of languages related through descent from a common
ancestor, then further divided.
• perspectives on the study of language -✓✓ synchronic and diachronic
• synchronic -✓✓
• diachronic -✓✓
• language change -✓✓ Alteration over time in any component of a language, such as
pronunciation, grammar, or vocabulary.
• different types of change that language undergo at all levels -✓✓ phonetic-sounds,
morphological-words, semantic-meaning, syntactic-set of rules, lexical- word bank
• mechanism by which languge occurs -✓✓
• umlaut -✓✓ sound change where a vowel sound was modified to conform more closely
to the vowel in the next syllable ex; foot - feet (first occured in germanic lang 450AD)
• phonological change -✓✓
