VATI GREENLIGHT 2026 EXAM: COMPREHENSIVE NCLEX-
RN COMPLETE REVIEW QUESTION WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS | 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS
Fundamentals of Nursing
Question 1. A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and reports difficulty limiting sodium in his diet. Which of the
following recommendations should the nurse provide?
A. Use canned soups instead of homemade
B. Add salt during cooking rather than at the table
C. Replace bottled salad dressing with homemade vinegar and oil dressing ✓
D. Choose processed meats over fresh poultry
Correct Answer: C ✓
Rationale: Homemade vinegar-and-oil dressing generally contains less sodium than many bottled dressings. Canned soups
and processed meats are often high in sodium, and adding salt during cooking still increases sodium intake.
Question 2. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for a mammogram. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Schedule the test during the week of menstruation
B. Refrain from using deodorant on the morning of the test ✓
C. Avoid eating or drinking for 8 hours prior to the test
D. Take a mild analgesic 1 hour before the procedure
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Deodorants, antiperspirants, powders, and lotions can contain particles that may appear as calcifications on
mammogram images. Routine fasting is not required.
Question 3. A nurse is preparing a client's insulin regimen. Which of the following insulins can be mixed?
A. Insulin detemir
B. Insulin glargine
C. Insulin aspart, regular insulin, insulin lispro ✓
D. Insulin degludec
Correct Answer: C ✓
Rationale: Certain rapid-acting and short-acting insulins can be mixed with NPH when specifically prescribed. Glargine,
detemir, and degludec are basal products that should not be mixed with other insulins in the same syringe.
Question 4. A nurse is preparing to administer a liquid medication to a 6-month-old infant who is crying. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take to reduce the risk of aspiration?
A. Administer using a needleless syringe in the buccal cavity ✓
B. Hold the infant supine and pour slowly
C. Mix the medication with a full bottle of formula
Page 1
, D. Administer while the infant is lying flatCorrect Answer: A ✓
Rationale: Administering liquid medication slowly into the buccal cavity with a needleless syringe helps the infant swallow
safely. The infant should be upright or semi-reclined rather than supine.
Question 5. A nurse is preparing to catheterize a client's bladder to check for residual urine. The nurse should schedule this
procedure at which of the following times?
A. Immediately before the client voids
B. Right after the client voids ✓
C. First thing in the morning
D. Immediately after a meal
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Postvoid residual urine is assessed immediately after the client voids to determine how much urine remains in the
bladder.
Question 6. A nurse is preparing to administer an IM injection to a client. To reduce the risk of a needlestick injury, the nurse
should take which of the following actions?
A. Recap the needle using a one-handed scoop technique
B. Dispose of the used needle immediately in a puncture-proof sharps container ✓
C. Remove the needle from the syringe before disposal
D. Bend the needle before discarding
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Used needles should be placed immediately in an appropriate sharps container without recapping, bending, or
breaking. Removing the needle also creates an unnecessary sharps hazard.
Question 7. A nurse is removing a female client's indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?
A. Cut the catheter near the inflation port
B. Withdraw the fluid from the catheter's balloon ✓
C. Ask the client to bear down during removal
D. Remove the catheter while the balloon is still inflated
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: The nurse should completely deflate the retention balloon with a syringe before gently withdrawing the catheter to
reduce urethral trauma.
Question 8. A nurse is applying a condom catheter to a male client who is incontinent. Which of the following is an
appropriate technique to use?
A. Apply tape directly to the penis to secure the catheter
B. Leave space between the tip of the penis and the end of the condom catheter ✓
C. Pull the pubic hair before applying the catheter
D. Apply the catheter with the penis in a dependent position
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Leaving a small space between the glans and catheter end helps prevent pressure injury and allows urine to drain.
Adhesive should not be applied directly around the penis, and pubic hair should not be pulled.
PART 2 — NEW QUESTIONS
Page 2
,Fundamentals of Nursing
Question 9. Which action is most appropriate when assessing a client's pain?
A. Use only the nurse's observation of facial expression
B. Ask the client to rate the pain using an appropriate pain scale ✓
C. Assume a sleeping client has no pain
D. Wait until the next scheduled vital signs
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Pain is subjective; the client's self-report is the most reliable indicator when the client can communicate.
Question 10. A nurse is performing hand hygiene after caring for a client. When is soap and water preferred over alcohol-
based hand rub?
A. When hands are visibly soiled ✓
B. Before every routine blood pressure measurement
C. When entering any client room
D. After touching a clean bedside table
Correct Answer: A ✓
Rationale: Soap and water are preferred when hands are visibly soiled and in certain organisms or outbreak situations where
alcohol rub is insufficient.
Question 11. Which position is generally safest for a client who is at high risk for aspiration while receiving oral fluids?
A. Supine
B. Prone
C. Upright or high-Fowler position ✓
D. Trendelenburg
Correct Answer: C ✓
Rationale: An upright position promotes swallowing and uses gravity to reduce aspiration risk.
Question 12. A nurse is caring for a client with a pressure injury risk. Which intervention is most appropriate?
A. Massage reddened bony prominences vigorously
B. Reposition the client regularly and reduce pressure on vulnerable areas ✓
C. Keep the skin moist with a wet dressing at all times
D. Limit protein intakeCorrect Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Regular repositioning, pressure redistribution, skin assessment, and adequate nutrition help prevent pressure injuries.
Question 13. Which finding should the nurse document as objective data?
A. The client says, 'I feel dizzy.'
B. The client reports severe pain
C. The client's blood pressure is 88/54 mm Hg ✓
D. The client says the room is spinning
Correct Answer: C ✓
Rationale: Objective data are measurable or observable findings, such as vital signs.
Question 14. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication. Which action is part of safe medication administration?
Page 3
, A. Use the room number as the client's primary identifier
B. Verify the medication against the prescription and use approved client identifiers ✓
C. Skip allergy verification if the medication was given yesterday
D. Document administration before giving the medication
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Safe administration includes verifying the prescription, medication, allergies, and client identity using approved
identifiers before administration.
Question 15. A client uses a cane. Which technique indicates correct use when the client has weakness in one leg?
A. Hold the cane on the weaker side
B. Hold the cane on the stronger side ✓
C. Carry the cane behind the body
D. Use the cane only while sittingCorrect Answer: B ✓
Rationale: A cane is generally held on the stronger side to increase support and improve balance while unloading the weaker
leg.
Question 16. Which intervention best reduces the risk of falls for a hospitalized older adult?
A. Keep the bed in a high position
B. Place frequently used items within reach ✓
C. Keep all four side rails raised routinely
D. Encourage the client to walk without assistance
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Keeping needed items within reach reduces unnecessary attempts to get out of bed. Fall precautions should be
individualized.
Question 17. A nurse is teaching a client how to use an incentive spirometer. Which instruction is correct?
A. Exhale forcefully into the device
B. Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece ✓
C. Use the device only when short of breath
D. Breathe rapidly to raise the indicator
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Slow, sustained inhalation expands the lungs and helps prevent atelectasis.
Question 18. Which finding requires immediate follow-up after a client receives a blood transfusion?
A. Mild thirst
B. Temperature increase with chills and back pain ✓
C. Increased appetite
D. Sleepiness after a mealCorrect Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Fever, chills, and back pain can indicate an acute transfusion reaction and require immediate intervention.
Question 19. A client has an IV infusion and develops swelling, coolness, and pallor at the insertion site. What complication
is most likely?
A. Infiltration ✓
B. Phlebitis
Page 4
RN COMPLETE REVIEW QUESTION WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS | 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS
Fundamentals of Nursing
Question 1. A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and reports difficulty limiting sodium in his diet. Which of the
following recommendations should the nurse provide?
A. Use canned soups instead of homemade
B. Add salt during cooking rather than at the table
C. Replace bottled salad dressing with homemade vinegar and oil dressing ✓
D. Choose processed meats over fresh poultry
Correct Answer: C ✓
Rationale: Homemade vinegar-and-oil dressing generally contains less sodium than many bottled dressings. Canned soups
and processed meats are often high in sodium, and adding salt during cooking still increases sodium intake.
Question 2. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for a mammogram. Which of the following
instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Schedule the test during the week of menstruation
B. Refrain from using deodorant on the morning of the test ✓
C. Avoid eating or drinking for 8 hours prior to the test
D. Take a mild analgesic 1 hour before the procedure
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Deodorants, antiperspirants, powders, and lotions can contain particles that may appear as calcifications on
mammogram images. Routine fasting is not required.
Question 3. A nurse is preparing a client's insulin regimen. Which of the following insulins can be mixed?
A. Insulin detemir
B. Insulin glargine
C. Insulin aspart, regular insulin, insulin lispro ✓
D. Insulin degludec
Correct Answer: C ✓
Rationale: Certain rapid-acting and short-acting insulins can be mixed with NPH when specifically prescribed. Glargine,
detemir, and degludec are basal products that should not be mixed with other insulins in the same syringe.
Question 4. A nurse is preparing to administer a liquid medication to a 6-month-old infant who is crying. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take to reduce the risk of aspiration?
A. Administer using a needleless syringe in the buccal cavity ✓
B. Hold the infant supine and pour slowly
C. Mix the medication with a full bottle of formula
Page 1
, D. Administer while the infant is lying flatCorrect Answer: A ✓
Rationale: Administering liquid medication slowly into the buccal cavity with a needleless syringe helps the infant swallow
safely. The infant should be upright or semi-reclined rather than supine.
Question 5. A nurse is preparing to catheterize a client's bladder to check for residual urine. The nurse should schedule this
procedure at which of the following times?
A. Immediately before the client voids
B. Right after the client voids ✓
C. First thing in the morning
D. Immediately after a meal
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Postvoid residual urine is assessed immediately after the client voids to determine how much urine remains in the
bladder.
Question 6. A nurse is preparing to administer an IM injection to a client. To reduce the risk of a needlestick injury, the nurse
should take which of the following actions?
A. Recap the needle using a one-handed scoop technique
B. Dispose of the used needle immediately in a puncture-proof sharps container ✓
C. Remove the needle from the syringe before disposal
D. Bend the needle before discarding
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Used needles should be placed immediately in an appropriate sharps container without recapping, bending, or
breaking. Removing the needle also creates an unnecessary sharps hazard.
Question 7. A nurse is removing a female client's indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?
A. Cut the catheter near the inflation port
B. Withdraw the fluid from the catheter's balloon ✓
C. Ask the client to bear down during removal
D. Remove the catheter while the balloon is still inflated
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: The nurse should completely deflate the retention balloon with a syringe before gently withdrawing the catheter to
reduce urethral trauma.
Question 8. A nurse is applying a condom catheter to a male client who is incontinent. Which of the following is an
appropriate technique to use?
A. Apply tape directly to the penis to secure the catheter
B. Leave space between the tip of the penis and the end of the condom catheter ✓
C. Pull the pubic hair before applying the catheter
D. Apply the catheter with the penis in a dependent position
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Leaving a small space between the glans and catheter end helps prevent pressure injury and allows urine to drain.
Adhesive should not be applied directly around the penis, and pubic hair should not be pulled.
PART 2 — NEW QUESTIONS
Page 2
,Fundamentals of Nursing
Question 9. Which action is most appropriate when assessing a client's pain?
A. Use only the nurse's observation of facial expression
B. Ask the client to rate the pain using an appropriate pain scale ✓
C. Assume a sleeping client has no pain
D. Wait until the next scheduled vital signs
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Pain is subjective; the client's self-report is the most reliable indicator when the client can communicate.
Question 10. A nurse is performing hand hygiene after caring for a client. When is soap and water preferred over alcohol-
based hand rub?
A. When hands are visibly soiled ✓
B. Before every routine blood pressure measurement
C. When entering any client room
D. After touching a clean bedside table
Correct Answer: A ✓
Rationale: Soap and water are preferred when hands are visibly soiled and in certain organisms or outbreak situations where
alcohol rub is insufficient.
Question 11. Which position is generally safest for a client who is at high risk for aspiration while receiving oral fluids?
A. Supine
B. Prone
C. Upright or high-Fowler position ✓
D. Trendelenburg
Correct Answer: C ✓
Rationale: An upright position promotes swallowing and uses gravity to reduce aspiration risk.
Question 12. A nurse is caring for a client with a pressure injury risk. Which intervention is most appropriate?
A. Massage reddened bony prominences vigorously
B. Reposition the client regularly and reduce pressure on vulnerable areas ✓
C. Keep the skin moist with a wet dressing at all times
D. Limit protein intakeCorrect Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Regular repositioning, pressure redistribution, skin assessment, and adequate nutrition help prevent pressure injuries.
Question 13. Which finding should the nurse document as objective data?
A. The client says, 'I feel dizzy.'
B. The client reports severe pain
C. The client's blood pressure is 88/54 mm Hg ✓
D. The client says the room is spinning
Correct Answer: C ✓
Rationale: Objective data are measurable or observable findings, such as vital signs.
Question 14. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication. Which action is part of safe medication administration?
Page 3
, A. Use the room number as the client's primary identifier
B. Verify the medication against the prescription and use approved client identifiers ✓
C. Skip allergy verification if the medication was given yesterday
D. Document administration before giving the medication
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Safe administration includes verifying the prescription, medication, allergies, and client identity using approved
identifiers before administration.
Question 15. A client uses a cane. Which technique indicates correct use when the client has weakness in one leg?
A. Hold the cane on the weaker side
B. Hold the cane on the stronger side ✓
C. Carry the cane behind the body
D. Use the cane only while sittingCorrect Answer: B ✓
Rationale: A cane is generally held on the stronger side to increase support and improve balance while unloading the weaker
leg.
Question 16. Which intervention best reduces the risk of falls for a hospitalized older adult?
A. Keep the bed in a high position
B. Place frequently used items within reach ✓
C. Keep all four side rails raised routinely
D. Encourage the client to walk without assistance
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Keeping needed items within reach reduces unnecessary attempts to get out of bed. Fall precautions should be
individualized.
Question 17. A nurse is teaching a client how to use an incentive spirometer. Which instruction is correct?
A. Exhale forcefully into the device
B. Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece ✓
C. Use the device only when short of breath
D. Breathe rapidly to raise the indicator
Correct Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Slow, sustained inhalation expands the lungs and helps prevent atelectasis.
Question 18. Which finding requires immediate follow-up after a client receives a blood transfusion?
A. Mild thirst
B. Temperature increase with chills and back pain ✓
C. Increased appetite
D. Sleepiness after a mealCorrect Answer: B ✓
Rationale: Fever, chills, and back pain can indicate an acute transfusion reaction and require immediate intervention.
Question 19. A client has an IV infusion and develops swelling, coolness, and pallor at the insertion site. What complication
is most likely?
A. Infiltration ✓
B. Phlebitis
Page 4
