,BIOD 171 Module 7 | Practice Q&A | 2026/2027 | Microbiology |
Portage Learning
1. What is the primary function of the immune system?
A) To produce energy for the body
B) To identify and destroy pathogens and foreign substances
C) To transport oxygen to tissues
D) To regulate body temperature
Correct Answer: To identify and destroy pathogens and foreign substances
Rationale: The immune system is responsible for identifying and destroying
pathogens and foreign substances that enter the body. Energy production is
metabolic, oxygen transport is cardiovascular, and temperature regulation is
homeostatic.
2. Innate immunity is characterized by which of the following?
A) Specificity and immunological memory
B) Non-specific defense mechanisms present from birth
C) Antibody production only
D) T cell activation only
Correct Answer: Non-specific defense mechanisms present from birth
Rationale: Innate immunity refers to non-specific defense mechanisms that
are present from birth. It includes physical barriers, phagocytes, and
inflammatory responses. Adaptive immunity is specific and has memory.
3. Adaptive immunity is characterized by which of the following?
A) Non-specific defense mechanisms
,B) Physical barriers only
C) Specificity and immunological memory
D) Phagocytosis only
Correct Answer: Specificity and immunological memory
Rationale: Adaptive immunity is characterized by specificity and
immunological memory. It involves B cells (antibody-mediated) and T cells
(cell-mediated) responses that target specific pathogens.
4. Which of the following is a component of the innate immune system?
A) Antibodies
B) T cells
C) Phagocytes (macrophages, neutrophils)
D) Memory B cells
Correct Answer: Phagocytes (macrophages, neutrophils)
Rationale: Phagocytes such as macrophages and neutrophils are components
of the innate immune system. They provide rapid, non-specific defense
against pathogens. Antibodies, T cells, and memory B cells are components
of adaptive immunity.
5. Which of the following is a component of the adaptive immune system?
A) Skin barrier
B) Phagocytes
C) Antibodies
D) Inflammatory response
, Correct Answer: Antibodies
Rationale: Antibodies are a component of the adaptive immune system. They
are produced by B cells in response to specific antigens and provide targeted
defense. Skin barrier, phagocytes, and inflammatory response are innate.
6. Antibodies are produced by which cells?
A) T lymphocytes
B) B lymphocytes (plasma cells)
C) Macrophages
D) Natural killer cells
Correct Answer: B lymphocytes (plasma cells)
Rationale: Antibodies are produced by B lymphocytes that have
differentiated into plasma cells. Antibodies bind specifically to antigens and
mark them for destruction. T cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity.
7. Which type of T cell directly kills infected cells?
A) Helper T cell
B) Cytotoxic T cell
C) Regulatory T cell
D) Memory T cell
Correct Answer: Cytotoxic T cell
Portage Learning
1. What is the primary function of the immune system?
A) To produce energy for the body
B) To identify and destroy pathogens and foreign substances
C) To transport oxygen to tissues
D) To regulate body temperature
Correct Answer: To identify and destroy pathogens and foreign substances
Rationale: The immune system is responsible for identifying and destroying
pathogens and foreign substances that enter the body. Energy production is
metabolic, oxygen transport is cardiovascular, and temperature regulation is
homeostatic.
2. Innate immunity is characterized by which of the following?
A) Specificity and immunological memory
B) Non-specific defense mechanisms present from birth
C) Antibody production only
D) T cell activation only
Correct Answer: Non-specific defense mechanisms present from birth
Rationale: Innate immunity refers to non-specific defense mechanisms that
are present from birth. It includes physical barriers, phagocytes, and
inflammatory responses. Adaptive immunity is specific and has memory.
3. Adaptive immunity is characterized by which of the following?
A) Non-specific defense mechanisms
,B) Physical barriers only
C) Specificity and immunological memory
D) Phagocytosis only
Correct Answer: Specificity and immunological memory
Rationale: Adaptive immunity is characterized by specificity and
immunological memory. It involves B cells (antibody-mediated) and T cells
(cell-mediated) responses that target specific pathogens.
4. Which of the following is a component of the innate immune system?
A) Antibodies
B) T cells
C) Phagocytes (macrophages, neutrophils)
D) Memory B cells
Correct Answer: Phagocytes (macrophages, neutrophils)
Rationale: Phagocytes such as macrophages and neutrophils are components
of the innate immune system. They provide rapid, non-specific defense
against pathogens. Antibodies, T cells, and memory B cells are components
of adaptive immunity.
5. Which of the following is a component of the adaptive immune system?
A) Skin barrier
B) Phagocytes
C) Antibodies
D) Inflammatory response
, Correct Answer: Antibodies
Rationale: Antibodies are a component of the adaptive immune system. They
are produced by B cells in response to specific antigens and provide targeted
defense. Skin barrier, phagocytes, and inflammatory response are innate.
6. Antibodies are produced by which cells?
A) T lymphocytes
B) B lymphocytes (plasma cells)
C) Macrophages
D) Natural killer cells
Correct Answer: B lymphocytes (plasma cells)
Rationale: Antibodies are produced by B lymphocytes that have
differentiated into plasma cells. Antibodies bind specifically to antigens and
mark them for destruction. T cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity.
7. Which type of T cell directly kills infected cells?
A) Helper T cell
B) Cytotoxic T cell
C) Regulatory T cell
D) Memory T cell
Correct Answer: Cytotoxic T cell
