NSG 3130 EXAM 4 PREP 2026 TEST
BANK: REAL QUESTIONS & CORRECT
ANSWERS | NURSING FUNDAMENTALS
STUDY GUIDE
Course
NSG 3130
1. A postoperative patient suddenly reports shortness of breath and chest pain. What should
the nurse do first?
A. Obtain a complete health history
B. Assess airway, breathing, and circulation
C. Administer the prescribed analgesic
D. Encourage oral fluids
Answer: B
Rationale: Acute dyspnea and chest pain can indicate a life-threatening complication. The nurse
should immediately assess ABCs and initiate appropriate emergency interventions.
2. Which finding requires the nurse's immediate attention?
A. Temperature of 37.2°C (99°F)
B. Respiratory rate of 8/min in a patient receiving opioids
C. Blood pressure of 128/76 mmHg
D. Pain rated 3/10 after medication
Answer: B
Rationale: Opioids can cause respiratory depression. A respiratory rate of 8/min is concerning
and requires immediate assessment and intervention.
3. Which intervention is most appropriate for preventing pressure injuries in an immobile
patient?
A. Massage reddened areas
B. Reposition the patient regularly and offload pressure
,C. Restrict protein intake
D. Keep the skin continuously moist
Answer: B
Rationale: Regular repositioning, pressure redistribution, skin assessment, nutrition, and
moisture management are central to pressure-injury prevention. Massaging reddened tissue is
not recommended.
4. Which patient has the greatest risk for developing a pressure injury?
A. Ambulatory adult with adequate nutrition
B. Patient who is immobile, incontinent, and poorly nourished
C. Patient who walks three times daily
D. Patient with intact mobility and normal nutrition
Answer: B
Rationale: Immobility, moisture exposure, and inadequate nutrition significantly increase
pressure-injury risk.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient with dysphagia. Which intervention is appropriate?
A. Place food on the affected side of the mouth
B. Keep the patient lying flat during meals
C. Position the patient upright for meals
D. Encourage rapid eating
Answer: C
Rationale: Upright positioning reduces aspiration risk. The nurse should also follow the patient's
prescribed swallowing strategies and texture modifications.
6. Which assessment finding suggests aspiration?
A. Clear breath sounds
B. Coughing and choking during swallowing
C. Increased appetite
D. Warm extremities
Answer: B
,Rationale: Coughing, choking, wet/gurgly voice, and respiratory changes during or after
swallowing can indicate impaired airway protection.
7. Which nursing intervention best promotes safe medication administration?
A. Administer medications without checking the patient's identity
B. Use appropriate patient identification before administration
C. Ask another patient to confirm the medication
D. Document administration before giving the medication
Answer: B
Rationale: Correct patient identification is a fundamental medication-safety practice.
Documentation should occur after the medication is administered.
8. A patient refuses a prescribed medication. What is the nurse's best response?
A. Hide the medication in food
B. Force the patient to take it
C. Determine the reason for refusal and provide appropriate education
D. Document that the medication was administered
Answer: C
Rationale: Competent patients have the right to refuse treatment. The nurse should assess the
reason, provide education, notify the appropriate provider when necessary, and document
accurately.
9. Which action demonstrates appropriate infection-control practice?
A. Reusing gloves between patients
B. Performing hand hygiene before and after patient contact
C. Wearing the same gown between isolation rooms
D. Recapping used needles routinely
Answer: B
Rationale: Hand hygiene is one of the most important measures for preventing transmission of
infection.
, 10. Which precaution is generally appropriate for a patient with a suspected airborne
infection?
A. Standard precautions only
B. Airborne precautions with appropriate respiratory protection
C. Contact precautions only
D. No precautions if the patient is afebrile
Answer: B
Rationale: Diseases transmitted through airborne particles require airborne precautions
according to applicable infection-control protocols.
11. What is the primary purpose of standard precautions?
A. Apply infection-control measures based on the assumption that certain body fluids may
contain infectious organisms
B. Isolate every patient in a negative-pressure room
C. Prevent only airborne infections
D. Replace hand hygiene
Answer: A
Rationale: Standard precautions are used for all patients and include practices such as hand
hygiene and appropriate use of PPE based on anticipated exposure.
12. A nurse sustains a needlestick injury. What should the nurse do first?
A. Ignore the injury
B. Immediately perform appropriate first aid and report the exposure according to facility
protocol
C. Finish the entire shift before reporting it
D. Place the needle back into the sharps container
Answer: B
Rationale: Prompt first aid and immediate reporting allow timely evaluation and
implementation of exposure-management procedures.
13. Which patient statement demonstrates correct understanding of fall prevention?
BANK: REAL QUESTIONS & CORRECT
ANSWERS | NURSING FUNDAMENTALS
STUDY GUIDE
Course
NSG 3130
1. A postoperative patient suddenly reports shortness of breath and chest pain. What should
the nurse do first?
A. Obtain a complete health history
B. Assess airway, breathing, and circulation
C. Administer the prescribed analgesic
D. Encourage oral fluids
Answer: B
Rationale: Acute dyspnea and chest pain can indicate a life-threatening complication. The nurse
should immediately assess ABCs and initiate appropriate emergency interventions.
2. Which finding requires the nurse's immediate attention?
A. Temperature of 37.2°C (99°F)
B. Respiratory rate of 8/min in a patient receiving opioids
C. Blood pressure of 128/76 mmHg
D. Pain rated 3/10 after medication
Answer: B
Rationale: Opioids can cause respiratory depression. A respiratory rate of 8/min is concerning
and requires immediate assessment and intervention.
3. Which intervention is most appropriate for preventing pressure injuries in an immobile
patient?
A. Massage reddened areas
B. Reposition the patient regularly and offload pressure
,C. Restrict protein intake
D. Keep the skin continuously moist
Answer: B
Rationale: Regular repositioning, pressure redistribution, skin assessment, nutrition, and
moisture management are central to pressure-injury prevention. Massaging reddened tissue is
not recommended.
4. Which patient has the greatest risk for developing a pressure injury?
A. Ambulatory adult with adequate nutrition
B. Patient who is immobile, incontinent, and poorly nourished
C. Patient who walks three times daily
D. Patient with intact mobility and normal nutrition
Answer: B
Rationale: Immobility, moisture exposure, and inadequate nutrition significantly increase
pressure-injury risk.
5. A nurse is caring for a patient with dysphagia. Which intervention is appropriate?
A. Place food on the affected side of the mouth
B. Keep the patient lying flat during meals
C. Position the patient upright for meals
D. Encourage rapid eating
Answer: C
Rationale: Upright positioning reduces aspiration risk. The nurse should also follow the patient's
prescribed swallowing strategies and texture modifications.
6. Which assessment finding suggests aspiration?
A. Clear breath sounds
B. Coughing and choking during swallowing
C. Increased appetite
D. Warm extremities
Answer: B
,Rationale: Coughing, choking, wet/gurgly voice, and respiratory changes during or after
swallowing can indicate impaired airway protection.
7. Which nursing intervention best promotes safe medication administration?
A. Administer medications without checking the patient's identity
B. Use appropriate patient identification before administration
C. Ask another patient to confirm the medication
D. Document administration before giving the medication
Answer: B
Rationale: Correct patient identification is a fundamental medication-safety practice.
Documentation should occur after the medication is administered.
8. A patient refuses a prescribed medication. What is the nurse's best response?
A. Hide the medication in food
B. Force the patient to take it
C. Determine the reason for refusal and provide appropriate education
D. Document that the medication was administered
Answer: C
Rationale: Competent patients have the right to refuse treatment. The nurse should assess the
reason, provide education, notify the appropriate provider when necessary, and document
accurately.
9. Which action demonstrates appropriate infection-control practice?
A. Reusing gloves between patients
B. Performing hand hygiene before and after patient contact
C. Wearing the same gown between isolation rooms
D. Recapping used needles routinely
Answer: B
Rationale: Hand hygiene is one of the most important measures for preventing transmission of
infection.
, 10. Which precaution is generally appropriate for a patient with a suspected airborne
infection?
A. Standard precautions only
B. Airborne precautions with appropriate respiratory protection
C. Contact precautions only
D. No precautions if the patient is afebrile
Answer: B
Rationale: Diseases transmitted through airborne particles require airborne precautions
according to applicable infection-control protocols.
11. What is the primary purpose of standard precautions?
A. Apply infection-control measures based on the assumption that certain body fluids may
contain infectious organisms
B. Isolate every patient in a negative-pressure room
C. Prevent only airborne infections
D. Replace hand hygiene
Answer: A
Rationale: Standard precautions are used for all patients and include practices such as hand
hygiene and appropriate use of PPE based on anticipated exposure.
12. A nurse sustains a needlestick injury. What should the nurse do first?
A. Ignore the injury
B. Immediately perform appropriate first aid and report the exposure according to facility
protocol
C. Finish the entire shift before reporting it
D. Place the needle back into the sharps container
Answer: B
Rationale: Prompt first aid and immediate reporting allow timely evaluation and
implementation of exposure-management procedures.
13. Which patient statement demonstrates correct understanding of fall prevention?
