INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL SURGICAL
NURSING LINTON CHAPTERS 1 TO 57 2026
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE A+
◉ Define health. Answer: A state of complete physical, mental and
social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
◉ What is Etiology. Answer: The cause of a disease
◉ What is holism. Answer: Viewing a persons health as a balance of
body, mind and spirit
◉ Define wellness. Answer: A state of being. It is a constant and
intentional effort to stay healthy and achieve the highest potential
for total well-being
◉ What refers to a state of being sick. Answer: Illness
◉ What is disease. Answer: A pathologic condition of the body that
presents with clinical signs and symptoms and changes in
laboratory values
,◉ A client with chronic illness always reports feeling great. What
does this say about the client. Answer: They are able to engage in
meaningful activities
◉ Types of illness. Answer: Catastrophic (sudden)
Acute (quick)
Chronic (Long-term)
Terminal (Cancer, death)
◉ What considers levels of health. Answer: The health-illness
continuum
◉ What are the levels of the health-illness continuum. Answer: High
level wellness
Good health
Normal health
Illness
Critical Illness
Death
◉ What is protecting ones current level of health by preventing
illness or deterioration. Answer: Health maintenance
, ◉ Can people still have high level of wellness with disease process.
Answer: yes
◉ Strategies to enhance health, like exercise. Answer: Health
promotion
◉ Identifying risk factors such as family history of hypertension and
reducing effects of risk factors on one's health. Answer: Illness
prevention
◉ What uses screening diagnostic tests and procedures to identify a
disease process earlier. Answer: Early detection
◉ What is a client. Answer: An active partner in nursing care
◉ Define incidence. Answer: Frequency of a particular disease
◉ What is the number of sick persons with a particular disease.
Answer: Morbidity
◉ What is mortality. Answer: Death rate or ratio
◉ Study of how disease alters normal physiologic processes.
Answer: Pathophysiology
NURSING LINTON CHAPTERS 1 TO 57 2026
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE A+
◉ Define health. Answer: A state of complete physical, mental and
social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
◉ What is Etiology. Answer: The cause of a disease
◉ What is holism. Answer: Viewing a persons health as a balance of
body, mind and spirit
◉ Define wellness. Answer: A state of being. It is a constant and
intentional effort to stay healthy and achieve the highest potential
for total well-being
◉ What refers to a state of being sick. Answer: Illness
◉ What is disease. Answer: A pathologic condition of the body that
presents with clinical signs and symptoms and changes in
laboratory values
,◉ A client with chronic illness always reports feeling great. What
does this say about the client. Answer: They are able to engage in
meaningful activities
◉ Types of illness. Answer: Catastrophic (sudden)
Acute (quick)
Chronic (Long-term)
Terminal (Cancer, death)
◉ What considers levels of health. Answer: The health-illness
continuum
◉ What are the levels of the health-illness continuum. Answer: High
level wellness
Good health
Normal health
Illness
Critical Illness
Death
◉ What is protecting ones current level of health by preventing
illness or deterioration. Answer: Health maintenance
, ◉ Can people still have high level of wellness with disease process.
Answer: yes
◉ Strategies to enhance health, like exercise. Answer: Health
promotion
◉ Identifying risk factors such as family history of hypertension and
reducing effects of risk factors on one's health. Answer: Illness
prevention
◉ What uses screening diagnostic tests and procedures to identify a
disease process earlier. Answer: Early detection
◉ What is a client. Answer: An active partner in nursing care
◉ Define incidence. Answer: Frequency of a particular disease
◉ What is the number of sick persons with a particular disease.
Answer: Morbidity
◉ What is mortality. Answer: Death rate or ratio
◉ Study of how disease alters normal physiologic processes.
Answer: Pathophysiology
