INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICAL
INVESTIGATIONS UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE FULL SOLUTION
●● Six steps of a statistical investigation
Answer: A framework for learning from data.
●● Data
Answer: The values measured or categories recorded on individual
objects of interest.
●● Observational unit
Answer: The individual object on which data are recorded.
●● Variable
Answer: A characteristic being recorded about the observational units.
●● Quantitative variable
Answer: A variable that has numeric values for which ordinary
arithmetic makes sense.
, ●● Categorical variable
Answer: A variable that places observational units into categories.
●● Distribution
Answer: The pattern of outcomes of a variable.
●● Dotplot
Answer: A graph with one dot representing the variable outcome for
each observational unit.
●● Histogram
Answer: A graph that separates the quantitative variable into bins and
displays the number of observations in each bin.
●● Shape of a distribution
Answer: Described by the number of peaks and whether one side of the
distribution tends to stretch out longer than the other.
●● Center of a distribution
Answer: The middle or typical value.
●● Variability of a distribution
Answer: The spread in the observations.
INVESTIGATIONS UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE FULL SOLUTION
●● Six steps of a statistical investigation
Answer: A framework for learning from data.
●● Data
Answer: The values measured or categories recorded on individual
objects of interest.
●● Observational unit
Answer: The individual object on which data are recorded.
●● Variable
Answer: A characteristic being recorded about the observational units.
●● Quantitative variable
Answer: A variable that has numeric values for which ordinary
arithmetic makes sense.
, ●● Categorical variable
Answer: A variable that places observational units into categories.
●● Distribution
Answer: The pattern of outcomes of a variable.
●● Dotplot
Answer: A graph with one dot representing the variable outcome for
each observational unit.
●● Histogram
Answer: A graph that separates the quantitative variable into bins and
displays the number of observations in each bin.
●● Shape of a distribution
Answer: Described by the number of peaks and whether one side of the
distribution tends to stretch out longer than the other.
●● Center of a distribution
Answer: The middle or typical value.
●● Variability of a distribution
Answer: The spread in the observations.
