SEMMELWEIS ENTRANCE EXAM MEDICINE BIOLOGY
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS AND
RATIONALES
1. Which of the following is the primary function of carbohydrates in
living organisms?
A) Catalyzing biochemical reactions
B) Storing genetic information
C) Providing energy in the form of sugars
D) Forming the structural basis of cell membranes
Answer: C
Rationale: Carbohydrates primarily provide energy through sugars like
glucose and fructose. They also serve structural roles (e.g., cellulose in
plant cell walls), but their main function is energy provision .
2. What type of bond links two monosaccharides together to form a
disaccharide?
A) Peptide bond
B) Phosphodiester bond
C) Glycosidic bond
D) Hydrogen bond
Answer: C
Rationale: Two monosaccharides are linked by glycosidic bonds formed
,through condensation reactions, releasing one water molecule. This is
the defining characteristic of disaccharide formation .
3. Which of the following is NOT classified as a monosaccharide?
A) Glucose
B) Fructose
C) Sucrose
D) Galactose
Answer: C
Rationale: Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose.
Glucose, fructose, and galactose are all monosaccharides .
4. What is the main storage form of carbohydrates in animals?
A) Starch
B) Cellulose
C) Glycogen
D) Sucrose
Answer: C
Rationale: Glycogen is the primary carbohydrate storage form in
animals, found mainly in the liver and muscles .
5. Which of the following polysaccharides is used for structural
support in plant cells?
A) Glycogen
B) Starch
,C) Cellulose
D) Chitin
Answer: C
Rationale: Cellulose forms the cell wall of plant cells and provides
structural support. It is composed of glucose monomers linked by beta-
glycosidic bonds .
6. What characteristic distinguishes polysaccharides from mono- and
disaccharides?
A) They are polar and soluble in water
B) They are macromolecules resulting from polymerization and are not
soluble in water
C) They contain nitrogen atoms
D) They are always branched structures
Answer: B
Rationale: Polysaccharides are macromolecules formed by the
polymerization (condensation) of sugars and are generally not soluble in
water, unlike smaller sugars .
7. Which of the following describes lipids?
A) Polar molecules with high water solubility
B) Organic compounds with little to no affinity to water, mostly
hydrophobic
C) Macromolecules formed from amino acids
D) Polymers of glucose molecules
, Answer: B
Rationale: Lipids are characterized by being mostly hydrophobic,
meaning they have little to no affinity for water .
8. Lipids are soluble in which type of solvent?
A) Water
B) Organic solvents
C) Polar solvents
D) Aqueous solutions
Answer: B
Rationale: Lipids are non-polar and insoluble in water but soluble in
organic solvents such as chloroform and ether .
9. What are the building blocks of triglycerides?
A) Amino acids and glucose
B) Glycerol and three fatty acids
C) Nucleotides and phosphate
D) Monosaccharides and fatty acids
Answer: B
Rationale: Triglycerides are formed by condensation reactions between
one glycerol molecule and three fatty acids, creating ester bonds .
10. What is the difference between fats and oils?
A) Fats are liquid at room temperature, oils are solid
B) Fats are solid at room temperature, oils are liquid
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS AND
RATIONALES
1. Which of the following is the primary function of carbohydrates in
living organisms?
A) Catalyzing biochemical reactions
B) Storing genetic information
C) Providing energy in the form of sugars
D) Forming the structural basis of cell membranes
Answer: C
Rationale: Carbohydrates primarily provide energy through sugars like
glucose and fructose. They also serve structural roles (e.g., cellulose in
plant cell walls), but their main function is energy provision .
2. What type of bond links two monosaccharides together to form a
disaccharide?
A) Peptide bond
B) Phosphodiester bond
C) Glycosidic bond
D) Hydrogen bond
Answer: C
Rationale: Two monosaccharides are linked by glycosidic bonds formed
,through condensation reactions, releasing one water molecule. This is
the defining characteristic of disaccharide formation .
3. Which of the following is NOT classified as a monosaccharide?
A) Glucose
B) Fructose
C) Sucrose
D) Galactose
Answer: C
Rationale: Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose.
Glucose, fructose, and galactose are all monosaccharides .
4. What is the main storage form of carbohydrates in animals?
A) Starch
B) Cellulose
C) Glycogen
D) Sucrose
Answer: C
Rationale: Glycogen is the primary carbohydrate storage form in
animals, found mainly in the liver and muscles .
5. Which of the following polysaccharides is used for structural
support in plant cells?
A) Glycogen
B) Starch
,C) Cellulose
D) Chitin
Answer: C
Rationale: Cellulose forms the cell wall of plant cells and provides
structural support. It is composed of glucose monomers linked by beta-
glycosidic bonds .
6. What characteristic distinguishes polysaccharides from mono- and
disaccharides?
A) They are polar and soluble in water
B) They are macromolecules resulting from polymerization and are not
soluble in water
C) They contain nitrogen atoms
D) They are always branched structures
Answer: B
Rationale: Polysaccharides are macromolecules formed by the
polymerization (condensation) of sugars and are generally not soluble in
water, unlike smaller sugars .
7. Which of the following describes lipids?
A) Polar molecules with high water solubility
B) Organic compounds with little to no affinity to water, mostly
hydrophobic
C) Macromolecules formed from amino acids
D) Polymers of glucose molecules
, Answer: B
Rationale: Lipids are characterized by being mostly hydrophobic,
meaning they have little to no affinity for water .
8. Lipids are soluble in which type of solvent?
A) Water
B) Organic solvents
C) Polar solvents
D) Aqueous solutions
Answer: B
Rationale: Lipids are non-polar and insoluble in water but soluble in
organic solvents such as chloroform and ether .
9. What are the building blocks of triglycerides?
A) Amino acids and glucose
B) Glycerol and three fatty acids
C) Nucleotides and phosphate
D) Monosaccharides and fatty acids
Answer: B
Rationale: Triglycerides are formed by condensation reactions between
one glycerol molecule and three fatty acids, creating ester bonds .
10. What is the difference between fats and oils?
A) Fats are liquid at room temperature, oils are solid
B) Fats are solid at room temperature, oils are liquid
