COMMUNITY HEALTH ATI COMPREHENSIVE EXAM SCRIPT COMPLETE QUESTIONS
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
Question:
Epidemiological Process.
Answer:
-A systematic method of targeting a specific health need with the goal of improving health
Question:
Epidemiological Triangle.
Answer:
-Interaction between an agent, host, and environment that determines the development or cessation
of communicable diseases, as they form a web of causality (increasing or decreasing the risk for
disease)
Question:
Epidemiological Calculations.
Answer:
-Provide numerical information about the impact of disease and death on populations and aggregates
Relies on statistical evidence to determine the rate of spread of disease and the proportion of people
affected Also used to evaluate the effectiveness of disease prevention, health promotion activities,
and the extent to which goals are met
Question:
Incidence Rate.
Answer:
-The number of NEW cases in the population at a specific time Usually stated per 1,000 individuals
,Question:
Prevalence Rate.
Answer:
-Number of EXISTING cases in the population at a specific time Stated per 1,000 individuals
Question:
Crude Mortality Rate.
Answer:
The mortality rate from all causes of death for a population. Stated per 1,000 individuals
Question:
Infant Mortality Rate.
Answer:
The percentage of children who die before their first birthday within a particular area or country.
Stated per 1,000
Question:
Attack Rate.
Answer:
-Captures the number of people exposed to a specific agent who develop the disease
Question:
Epidemic.
Answer:
-Occurs when the rate of disease exceeds the usual (endemic) level of the condition in a defined
population
,Question:
Endemic.
Answer:
-Usual rates of disease in a particular region, area, or population
Question:
Pandemic.
Answer:
When an epidemic occurs in multiple countries or continents
Question:
What are the steps of the epidemiological process?
Answer:
1. Determine the nature, extent, and possible significance of the problem 2. Use the gathered data to
formulate a possible theory 3. Gather info from a variety of sources in order to narrow down the
possibilities 4. Make the plan 5. Put the plan into action 6. Evaluate the plan 7. Report and follow up
Question:
Healthy People.
Answer:
-Publishes national health objectives that serves as a guide for promoting health and preventing
disease every 10 years Coordinated by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, along
with other federal agencies Serves as a measure for quality of health Guides the nurse in developing
health promotion strategies to improve individual and community health
Question:
How should a community health nurse evaluate the success of screening programs?
Answer:
, 1. The community health nurse is often responsible for planning and implementing screening
programs for at-risk populations 2. Successful screening programs provide accurate, reliable results,
can be inexpensively and quickly administered to large groups, and produce few if any adverse
effects 3. The nurse should evaluate a potential screening method to determine whether it can be
used consistently (*reliability*), it demonstrates accuracy of measurement (*validity*), and how
effective it is at identifying an individual with a particular condition (*predictive value*)
Question:
Primary Prevention.
Answer:
-*Prevention of the initial occurrence of the disease or injury e.g. education on nutrition, family
planning, sex education, smoking cessation, communicable disease prevention, health and hygeine
issues to specific groups, and safety education e.g. prenatal classes; providing immunizations;
advocating for access to health care and healthy environments
Question:
Secondary Prevention.
Answer:
-*Early detection and treatment of disease with the goal of limiting severity and adverse effects*
e.g. community assessments, disease surveillance, screenings, controlling outbreaks of
communicable diseases e.g. screening of cancer, HTN, DM, hypercholesterolemia, sensory
impairments, TB, lead exposure, genetic disorders, metabolic deficiencies
Question:
Tertiary Prevention.
Answer:
-*Maximization of recovery, function, or quality of life after an injury of illness; rehabilitation* e.g.
nutrition counseling for management of Crohn's disease, exercise rehabilitation, cases management
(chronic or mental illness), physical and occupational therapy, support groups
Question:
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
Question:
Epidemiological Process.
Answer:
-A systematic method of targeting a specific health need with the goal of improving health
Question:
Epidemiological Triangle.
Answer:
-Interaction between an agent, host, and environment that determines the development or cessation
of communicable diseases, as they form a web of causality (increasing or decreasing the risk for
disease)
Question:
Epidemiological Calculations.
Answer:
-Provide numerical information about the impact of disease and death on populations and aggregates
Relies on statistical evidence to determine the rate of spread of disease and the proportion of people
affected Also used to evaluate the effectiveness of disease prevention, health promotion activities,
and the extent to which goals are met
Question:
Incidence Rate.
Answer:
-The number of NEW cases in the population at a specific time Usually stated per 1,000 individuals
,Question:
Prevalence Rate.
Answer:
-Number of EXISTING cases in the population at a specific time Stated per 1,000 individuals
Question:
Crude Mortality Rate.
Answer:
The mortality rate from all causes of death for a population. Stated per 1,000 individuals
Question:
Infant Mortality Rate.
Answer:
The percentage of children who die before their first birthday within a particular area or country.
Stated per 1,000
Question:
Attack Rate.
Answer:
-Captures the number of people exposed to a specific agent who develop the disease
Question:
Epidemic.
Answer:
-Occurs when the rate of disease exceeds the usual (endemic) level of the condition in a defined
population
,Question:
Endemic.
Answer:
-Usual rates of disease in a particular region, area, or population
Question:
Pandemic.
Answer:
When an epidemic occurs in multiple countries or continents
Question:
What are the steps of the epidemiological process?
Answer:
1. Determine the nature, extent, and possible significance of the problem 2. Use the gathered data to
formulate a possible theory 3. Gather info from a variety of sources in order to narrow down the
possibilities 4. Make the plan 5. Put the plan into action 6. Evaluate the plan 7. Report and follow up
Question:
Healthy People.
Answer:
-Publishes national health objectives that serves as a guide for promoting health and preventing
disease every 10 years Coordinated by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, along
with other federal agencies Serves as a measure for quality of health Guides the nurse in developing
health promotion strategies to improve individual and community health
Question:
How should a community health nurse evaluate the success of screening programs?
Answer:
, 1. The community health nurse is often responsible for planning and implementing screening
programs for at-risk populations 2. Successful screening programs provide accurate, reliable results,
can be inexpensively and quickly administered to large groups, and produce few if any adverse
effects 3. The nurse should evaluate a potential screening method to determine whether it can be
used consistently (*reliability*), it demonstrates accuracy of measurement (*validity*), and how
effective it is at identifying an individual with a particular condition (*predictive value*)
Question:
Primary Prevention.
Answer:
-*Prevention of the initial occurrence of the disease or injury e.g. education on nutrition, family
planning, sex education, smoking cessation, communicable disease prevention, health and hygeine
issues to specific groups, and safety education e.g. prenatal classes; providing immunizations;
advocating for access to health care and healthy environments
Question:
Secondary Prevention.
Answer:
-*Early detection and treatment of disease with the goal of limiting severity and adverse effects*
e.g. community assessments, disease surveillance, screenings, controlling outbreaks of
communicable diseases e.g. screening of cancer, HTN, DM, hypercholesterolemia, sensory
impairments, TB, lead exposure, genetic disorders, metabolic deficiencies
Question:
Tertiary Prevention.
Answer:
-*Maximization of recovery, function, or quality of life after an injury of illness; rehabilitation* e.g.
nutrition counseling for management of Crohn's disease, exercise rehabilitation, cases management
(chronic or mental illness), physical and occupational therapy, support groups
Question:
