BIOL 1001 EXAM 2 COMPREHENSIVE
ASSESSMENT 2026 SOLVED QUESTIONS
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ phagocytosis
Answer: A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large particles
or whole cells
◉ Endosymbiont Theory
Answer: an evolutionary theory that explains the origin of
eukaryotic cells from prokaryotes
-early ancestors of eukaryotic cells engulfed an oxygen using non-
photosynthetic prokaryotic cell
(merged into a single organism)
Evidence:
- contains ribosomes with DNA
-double membrane
- grow and reproduce
◉ chloroplasts
Answer: -site of photosynthesis
,-Capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell
-Parts of plant cells that contain chlorophyll
◉ Thylakoid
Answer: saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts
Flattened membranes in the chloroplast where the light reactions
take place.
◉ stroma
Answer: region outside the thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts
In plants, the solution that surrounds the thylakoids in a chloroplast.
◉ peroxisomes
Answer: contain enzymes that remove H+ atoms from molecules
transfer them to O2, producing H202 (hydrogen peroxide)
-has another enzyme H2O2 -> H2O
-detoxify alcohol, more alcohol = more peroxisomes
◉ Cytoskeleton
Answer: -network of fibers extending through the cytoplasm
-organizes structures and activities of the cell
,- gives mechanical support
- can be dismantled in on part of the cell and reassembled in a new
location
Network of fibers composed of proteins contained within a cells
cytoplasm
mostly for support of cell and hold organelles in place
Framework of the cell
◉ motor proteins
Answer: allow for movement within the cell of cell parts
ex. neurotransmitter
the proteins required to interact with cytoskeleton for cell motility
Carry along microfilaments and microtubules
Bind filaments and create movement with the use of ATP (energy)
myosin and actin is one of these molecules
, contains microtubules, actin (microfilament), and intermediate
filaments
◉ microfilament
Answer: cell motility
actin and myosin
◉ microtubules
Answer: chromosome movement during cell division
Function in cell division and serve as a temporary scaffolding for
other organelles
Another name for spindle/spindle fibers
◉ intermediate filament
Answer: anchor nucleus
◉ Plant Cell Wall
Answer: -extracellular structure (outside of cell)
- distinguishes plant and animal cells
ASSESSMENT 2026 SOLVED QUESTIONS
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ phagocytosis
Answer: A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large particles
or whole cells
◉ Endosymbiont Theory
Answer: an evolutionary theory that explains the origin of
eukaryotic cells from prokaryotes
-early ancestors of eukaryotic cells engulfed an oxygen using non-
photosynthetic prokaryotic cell
(merged into a single organism)
Evidence:
- contains ribosomes with DNA
-double membrane
- grow and reproduce
◉ chloroplasts
Answer: -site of photosynthesis
,-Capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell
-Parts of plant cells that contain chlorophyll
◉ Thylakoid
Answer: saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts
Flattened membranes in the chloroplast where the light reactions
take place.
◉ stroma
Answer: region outside the thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts
In plants, the solution that surrounds the thylakoids in a chloroplast.
◉ peroxisomes
Answer: contain enzymes that remove H+ atoms from molecules
transfer them to O2, producing H202 (hydrogen peroxide)
-has another enzyme H2O2 -> H2O
-detoxify alcohol, more alcohol = more peroxisomes
◉ Cytoskeleton
Answer: -network of fibers extending through the cytoplasm
-organizes structures and activities of the cell
,- gives mechanical support
- can be dismantled in on part of the cell and reassembled in a new
location
Network of fibers composed of proteins contained within a cells
cytoplasm
mostly for support of cell and hold organelles in place
Framework of the cell
◉ motor proteins
Answer: allow for movement within the cell of cell parts
ex. neurotransmitter
the proteins required to interact with cytoskeleton for cell motility
Carry along microfilaments and microtubules
Bind filaments and create movement with the use of ATP (energy)
myosin and actin is one of these molecules
, contains microtubules, actin (microfilament), and intermediate
filaments
◉ microfilament
Answer: cell motility
actin and myosin
◉ microtubules
Answer: chromosome movement during cell division
Function in cell division and serve as a temporary scaffolding for
other organelles
Another name for spindle/spindle fibers
◉ intermediate filament
Answer: anchor nucleus
◉ Plant Cell Wall
Answer: -extracellular structure (outside of cell)
- distinguishes plant and animal cells
