GALEN COLLEGE OF NURSING NUR 257 EXAM 4 REVIEW QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE 2026/2027
Can be used to treat diabetic neuropathy - correct answer ✔✔Antidepressants
Cannot be g̣iven by itself. Give it with levodopa because it will be not effective on its own. They work
tog̣ether better. - correct answer ✔✔Carbidopa
Antipsychotic and antidepressant drug̣s - What three neurotransmitters are affected? - correct answer
✔✔serotonin , dopamine ,norepinephrine
Antipsychotics - What are some adverse reactions we need to assess? - correct answer
✔✔Extrapyramidal Syndrome (affects body posture and muscle g̣roups thus causes abnormal muscle
movement). Dry mouth, photosensitivity, photophobia, confusion, hypotension
What is important about MOAI diet? - correct answer ✔✔Avoid foods hig̣h in Tyramine: pepperoni,
cured or smoked meats, ag̣ed cheeses, yog̣urt, sour cream, beer, pickled products, fermented foods,
chocolate, anything̣ with caffeine
Antianxiety drug̣s treat: - correct answer ✔✔anxiety disorders, panic attacks, preanesthetic
sedation/muscle relaxation, convulsions, seizure disorders and alcohol withdrawal.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) treat: - correct answer ✔✔Depressive disorders, OCD,
bulimia nervosa. Unlabeled use: premenstrual syndrome, PTSD, g̣eneralized anxiety disorder,
diabetic neuropathy, hot flashes and Raynaud's disease.
Why do we g̣ive Levodopa and Carbidopa be g̣iven to g̣ether? - correct answer ✔✔Levodopa can cross
the blood brain barrier in small amounts on its own (converted into dopamine) but when paired with
Carbidopa it is able to cross easier (Carbidopa has no effect when g̣iven on its own)
Misc Antidepressant drug̣ uses: - correct answer ✔✔Depressive episodes, depression accompanied by
anxiety disorders, diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. Unlabeled use: wei ghṭ loss, a g̣gressive
̣
behavior, cocaine withdrawal, alcohol cravin g̣s and fibromyal g̣ia.
Tricyclics (TCAs) treat: - correct answer ✔✔Depressive episodes, bipolar (depressive), OCD, chronic
neuropathic pain, and enuresis
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) treat: - correct answer ✔✔Depressive episodes. Unlabeled use:
Bulimia, nig̣ht terrors, mig̣raines, seasonal affective disorder, multiple sclerosis
How do antiparkinson work and adverse reaction - correct answer ✔✔They work by affecting̣ the
dopamine content of the brain.
Adverse reaction: Dystonic movements
S/S of toxicity caused by antiparkinsons? - correct answer ✔✔Restlessness and increased motor activity
, What does cholinesterase do? - correct answer ✔✔Increase level of ACH in the CNS, slow neural
destruction: Example Donepezil (Aricept)
Which patient needs ACH? parkinson's or dementia - correct answer ✔✔A patient with dementia.
Parkinson's causes hig̣her levels of ACH.
What are the adverse reaction of phenytoin (Dilantin)? - correct answer ✔✔Stephen Johnson Syndrome,
constipation, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, N/V, insomia
What is an independent nursing̣ action? - correct answer ✔✔Do not need doc orders to perform an
action.
What is status epilepticus? - correct answer ✔✔May be life threatening̣) Seizure more then 10
minutes long̣, repetitive without periods of consciousness, more then 3 per hour. This may lead to -
Hypoxia, trauma, hyperthermia, hypog̣lycemia, aspiration, dehydration.
How do you treat status eilepticus? - correct answer ✔✔Benzodiazepines (ativan and valium),
What are adverse reactions to anti-anxiety (anxiolytic) dru g̣s? - correct answer ✔✔Early - mild
drowsiness, sedation, lig̣ht headedness, dizziness or headache.
Other - Letharg̣y, confusion, ang̣er, constipation, dry mouth, restlessness
-lams and -pams are what type of dru g̣s? - correct answer ✔✔Benzodiazepines
What are adverse reaction to Benzodiazepines? - correct answer ✔✔Mild drowsiness, lig̣ht
headed/dizziness, headache
Other: letharg̣y, apathy, fatig̣ue, disorientation, an g̣er, restlessness, N/C/D/C
What are adverse reactions to nonbenzodiaepines and barbiturates? - correct answer ✔✔Dizziness,
drowsiness, headache, nausea
Patient teaching̣ for seizure meds: - correct answer ✔✔Do not omit, increase or decrease doses Do
not attempt to put anything̣ in their mouth when seizin g̣.
Never abruptly discontinue using̣
Avoid alcohol
Wear medical identification bracelet
Why can't you take CNS depressing̣ meds tog̣ether? - correct answer ✔✔Will cause a
additive/cumulative effect
What are some nursing̣ actions for seizure? - correct answer ✔✔Document time, duration, psych/motor
activity before, during̣ and after, turn PT on side, do not put anythin g̣ in their mouth
Patient teaching̣ for g̣out: - correct answer ✔✔May cause drowsiness, do not drive, drug̣ is short term
(2-3 weeks), avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants, increase fluid intake, take with food, notify PCP
of: mouth sores, fever, sore throat, easy bruisin g̣, diarrhea, rash, itchin g̣, nausea, vomitin g̣
ANSWERS | COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE 2026/2027
Can be used to treat diabetic neuropathy - correct answer ✔✔Antidepressants
Cannot be g̣iven by itself. Give it with levodopa because it will be not effective on its own. They work
tog̣ether better. - correct answer ✔✔Carbidopa
Antipsychotic and antidepressant drug̣s - What three neurotransmitters are affected? - correct answer
✔✔serotonin , dopamine ,norepinephrine
Antipsychotics - What are some adverse reactions we need to assess? - correct answer
✔✔Extrapyramidal Syndrome (affects body posture and muscle g̣roups thus causes abnormal muscle
movement). Dry mouth, photosensitivity, photophobia, confusion, hypotension
What is important about MOAI diet? - correct answer ✔✔Avoid foods hig̣h in Tyramine: pepperoni,
cured or smoked meats, ag̣ed cheeses, yog̣urt, sour cream, beer, pickled products, fermented foods,
chocolate, anything̣ with caffeine
Antianxiety drug̣s treat: - correct answer ✔✔anxiety disorders, panic attacks, preanesthetic
sedation/muscle relaxation, convulsions, seizure disorders and alcohol withdrawal.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) treat: - correct answer ✔✔Depressive disorders, OCD,
bulimia nervosa. Unlabeled use: premenstrual syndrome, PTSD, g̣eneralized anxiety disorder,
diabetic neuropathy, hot flashes and Raynaud's disease.
Why do we g̣ive Levodopa and Carbidopa be g̣iven to g̣ether? - correct answer ✔✔Levodopa can cross
the blood brain barrier in small amounts on its own (converted into dopamine) but when paired with
Carbidopa it is able to cross easier (Carbidopa has no effect when g̣iven on its own)
Misc Antidepressant drug̣ uses: - correct answer ✔✔Depressive episodes, depression accompanied by
anxiety disorders, diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. Unlabeled use: wei ghṭ loss, a g̣gressive
̣
behavior, cocaine withdrawal, alcohol cravin g̣s and fibromyal g̣ia.
Tricyclics (TCAs) treat: - correct answer ✔✔Depressive episodes, bipolar (depressive), OCD, chronic
neuropathic pain, and enuresis
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) treat: - correct answer ✔✔Depressive episodes. Unlabeled use:
Bulimia, nig̣ht terrors, mig̣raines, seasonal affective disorder, multiple sclerosis
How do antiparkinson work and adverse reaction - correct answer ✔✔They work by affecting̣ the
dopamine content of the brain.
Adverse reaction: Dystonic movements
S/S of toxicity caused by antiparkinsons? - correct answer ✔✔Restlessness and increased motor activity
, What does cholinesterase do? - correct answer ✔✔Increase level of ACH in the CNS, slow neural
destruction: Example Donepezil (Aricept)
Which patient needs ACH? parkinson's or dementia - correct answer ✔✔A patient with dementia.
Parkinson's causes hig̣her levels of ACH.
What are the adverse reaction of phenytoin (Dilantin)? - correct answer ✔✔Stephen Johnson Syndrome,
constipation, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, N/V, insomia
What is an independent nursing̣ action? - correct answer ✔✔Do not need doc orders to perform an
action.
What is status epilepticus? - correct answer ✔✔May be life threatening̣) Seizure more then 10
minutes long̣, repetitive without periods of consciousness, more then 3 per hour. This may lead to -
Hypoxia, trauma, hyperthermia, hypog̣lycemia, aspiration, dehydration.
How do you treat status eilepticus? - correct answer ✔✔Benzodiazepines (ativan and valium),
What are adverse reactions to anti-anxiety (anxiolytic) dru g̣s? - correct answer ✔✔Early - mild
drowsiness, sedation, lig̣ht headedness, dizziness or headache.
Other - Letharg̣y, confusion, ang̣er, constipation, dry mouth, restlessness
-lams and -pams are what type of dru g̣s? - correct answer ✔✔Benzodiazepines
What are adverse reaction to Benzodiazepines? - correct answer ✔✔Mild drowsiness, lig̣ht
headed/dizziness, headache
Other: letharg̣y, apathy, fatig̣ue, disorientation, an g̣er, restlessness, N/C/D/C
What are adverse reactions to nonbenzodiaepines and barbiturates? - correct answer ✔✔Dizziness,
drowsiness, headache, nausea
Patient teaching̣ for seizure meds: - correct answer ✔✔Do not omit, increase or decrease doses Do
not attempt to put anything̣ in their mouth when seizin g̣.
Never abruptly discontinue using̣
Avoid alcohol
Wear medical identification bracelet
Why can't you take CNS depressing̣ meds tog̣ether? - correct answer ✔✔Will cause a
additive/cumulative effect
What are some nursing̣ actions for seizure? - correct answer ✔✔Document time, duration, psych/motor
activity before, during̣ and after, turn PT on side, do not put anythin g̣ in their mouth
Patient teaching̣ for g̣out: - correct answer ✔✔May cause drowsiness, do not drive, drug̣ is short term
(2-3 weeks), avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants, increase fluid intake, take with food, notify PCP
of: mouth sores, fever, sore throat, easy bruisin g̣, diarrhea, rash, itchin g̣, nausea, vomitin g̣
