CARN AP CORE MAIN EXAMS QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Behavior therapy - ✔✔- focuses on the learned aspects of behavior
✔✔General assumption of underlying behavior in Behavior Therapy - ✔✔- much
behavior is termed sick, pathological or maladaptive and is acquired by conditioning or
observational learning
✔✔Three basic types of therapies in Behavior Therapy - ✔✔- systematic desensitization
- behavior modification
- assertiveness training
✔✔Behavioral Theory focuses on - ✔✔- observable behaviors
✔✔In behavioral therapy the client determines ______, therapist helps ______ - ✔✔-
goals
- develop the treatment plan
✔✔In Behavioral Theory, behavior is - ✔✔- learned and conditioned by external
influences through reinforcement, thus behavior can be unlearned
✔✔In Behavioral Theory, abnormal behavior is - ✔✔- equated to faulty learning.
✔✔Behavior Theory deals with - ✔✔- present behaviors
✔✔Behavior Theory goals - ✔✔- eliminate maladaptive behavior and assist in learning
new patterns
✔✔Behavior Theory: Therapist - ✔✔- active, directive, serves as teacher and trainer
✔✔Behavior Theory techniques - ✔✔- systematic
,-assertiveness training
-operant conditioning
-contingency contracting
-social skills training
-stress management
-flooding.
✔✔Behavior Theory can be done - ✔✔- in individual, group, schools or other learning
institutions
✔✔Cognitive Therapy - ✔✔- focuses on replacing maladaptive automatic thoughts with
adaptive voluntary ones
✔✔Cognitive therapy is often associated with - ✔✔- Aaron Beck
✔✔Cognitive distortions - ✔✔- result of irrational thought processes
✔✔Transactional analysis - ✔✔- person has potential for choice
- has 3 sides
✔✔Transactional analysis was developed by - ✔✔- Berne in 1960s
✔✔3 sides of individual in Transactional analysis - ✔✔- parent
- adult
- child
✔✔Transactional analysis parent side - ✔✔- values
- beliefs
- morals
✔✔Transactional analysis adult side - ✔✔- realistic
- logic based
✔✔Transactional analysis child side - ✔✔- creative
- intuitive
- emotional
- conforming
✔✔Transaction - ✔✔- exchange of strokes between 2 individuals
✔✔Motivational Interviewing - ✔✔- a directive, client-centered counseling style for
eliciting behavior change by helping clients to explore and resolve ambivalence
✔✔Motivational Interview: motivation to change - ✔✔- elicited from the client
, - not imposed from without
✔✔Motivational Interview: client's task - ✔✔- to articulate and resolve their ambivalence
✔✔Motivational Interview: direct persuasion - ✔✔- not an effective method for resolving
ambivalence
✔✔Motivational Interview: counseling style - ✔✔- quiet
- eliciting
✔✔Motivational Interview: counselor - ✔✔- directive in helping the client to examine and
resolve ambivalence
✔✔Motivational Interview: readiness to change - ✔✔- not a client trait
- fluctuating product of interpersonal interaction
✔✔Motivational Interview: therapeutic relationship - ✔✔- more like a partnership or
companionship than expert/recipient roles
✔✔Motivational Interviewing Counseling Characteristics - ✔✔- seeking to understand
- expressing acceptance and affirmation
- eliciting and selectively reinforcing
- monitoring degree of readiness to change
- affirming client's freedom
✔✔Mesolimbic reward pathways - ✔✔- midbrain neuronal tracts
✔✔Mesolimbic reward pathways transmit - ✔✔- intense pleasure messages from the
primitive hindbrain tracts to higher cortical brain levels
- "rush" and "high"
✔✔Four major parts of the neuron - ✔✔- dendrites
- cell body
- axon
- terminal
✔✔In what direction do electrical signals travel in a neuron - ✔✔- cell body to terminal
✔✔Four primary areas of the brain in addiction - ✔✔- ventral tegmental area
- nucleus accumbens
- amygdala
- prefrontal cortex
ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Behavior therapy - ✔✔- focuses on the learned aspects of behavior
✔✔General assumption of underlying behavior in Behavior Therapy - ✔✔- much
behavior is termed sick, pathological or maladaptive and is acquired by conditioning or
observational learning
✔✔Three basic types of therapies in Behavior Therapy - ✔✔- systematic desensitization
- behavior modification
- assertiveness training
✔✔Behavioral Theory focuses on - ✔✔- observable behaviors
✔✔In behavioral therapy the client determines ______, therapist helps ______ - ✔✔-
goals
- develop the treatment plan
✔✔In Behavioral Theory, behavior is - ✔✔- learned and conditioned by external
influences through reinforcement, thus behavior can be unlearned
✔✔In Behavioral Theory, abnormal behavior is - ✔✔- equated to faulty learning.
✔✔Behavior Theory deals with - ✔✔- present behaviors
✔✔Behavior Theory goals - ✔✔- eliminate maladaptive behavior and assist in learning
new patterns
✔✔Behavior Theory: Therapist - ✔✔- active, directive, serves as teacher and trainer
✔✔Behavior Theory techniques - ✔✔- systematic
,-assertiveness training
-operant conditioning
-contingency contracting
-social skills training
-stress management
-flooding.
✔✔Behavior Theory can be done - ✔✔- in individual, group, schools or other learning
institutions
✔✔Cognitive Therapy - ✔✔- focuses on replacing maladaptive automatic thoughts with
adaptive voluntary ones
✔✔Cognitive therapy is often associated with - ✔✔- Aaron Beck
✔✔Cognitive distortions - ✔✔- result of irrational thought processes
✔✔Transactional analysis - ✔✔- person has potential for choice
- has 3 sides
✔✔Transactional analysis was developed by - ✔✔- Berne in 1960s
✔✔3 sides of individual in Transactional analysis - ✔✔- parent
- adult
- child
✔✔Transactional analysis parent side - ✔✔- values
- beliefs
- morals
✔✔Transactional analysis adult side - ✔✔- realistic
- logic based
✔✔Transactional analysis child side - ✔✔- creative
- intuitive
- emotional
- conforming
✔✔Transaction - ✔✔- exchange of strokes between 2 individuals
✔✔Motivational Interviewing - ✔✔- a directive, client-centered counseling style for
eliciting behavior change by helping clients to explore and resolve ambivalence
✔✔Motivational Interview: motivation to change - ✔✔- elicited from the client
, - not imposed from without
✔✔Motivational Interview: client's task - ✔✔- to articulate and resolve their ambivalence
✔✔Motivational Interview: direct persuasion - ✔✔- not an effective method for resolving
ambivalence
✔✔Motivational Interview: counseling style - ✔✔- quiet
- eliciting
✔✔Motivational Interview: counselor - ✔✔- directive in helping the client to examine and
resolve ambivalence
✔✔Motivational Interview: readiness to change - ✔✔- not a client trait
- fluctuating product of interpersonal interaction
✔✔Motivational Interview: therapeutic relationship - ✔✔- more like a partnership or
companionship than expert/recipient roles
✔✔Motivational Interviewing Counseling Characteristics - ✔✔- seeking to understand
- expressing acceptance and affirmation
- eliciting and selectively reinforcing
- monitoring degree of readiness to change
- affirming client's freedom
✔✔Mesolimbic reward pathways - ✔✔- midbrain neuronal tracts
✔✔Mesolimbic reward pathways transmit - ✔✔- intense pleasure messages from the
primitive hindbrain tracts to higher cortical brain levels
- "rush" and "high"
✔✔Four major parts of the neuron - ✔✔- dendrites
- cell body
- axon
- terminal
✔✔In what direction do electrical signals travel in a neuron - ✔✔- cell body to terminal
✔✔Four primary areas of the brain in addiction - ✔✔- ventral tegmental area
- nucleus accumbens
- amygdala
- prefrontal cortex
