PSYCHOLOGY A LEVEL PAPER 1 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fqbplg
1. Define compli- Where you go along with the group in order to fit in even when you don't believe
ance in their view point, likely to be linked to NSI.
E.g. in the post-experiment discussions of Asch's study, most conforming partic-
ipants claimed to have went along with the wrong answer to avoid ridicule..
2. Define identifica- Adopting the views of a group both publicly and privately because you value
tion membership of that group. This is a stronger form of conformity, temporary and
is not maintained when individuals leave the group. For example, in the army
you may adopt the behaviour and beliefs of fellow soldiers, but on leaving the
army for civilian life, new behaviours and opinions will be adopted.
3. Define internali- (True Conformity) Behaviour/belief of the majority is accepted by the indivudal
sation and becomes part of their own belief system. Lasts even when the majority isn't
present. Most likely to be linked to ISI.
4. Define conformity The process of yielding to majority, when an individual is influence by a majority
group's views or behaviour
5. What are the dif- Informative Social Influence (ISI)
ferent explana- Normative Social Influence (NSI)
tions for confor- Variables affecting conformity (Investigated by Asch): Group size, Task Difficulty
mity? & Unanimity
6. Describe norma- When a person conforms to be accepted and to feel as though they belong to
tive social influ- a group. This usually occurs when conformity is socially rewarding or in order to
ence avoid social rejection.
7. Provide research Asch (1955) A line judgement test where the matching line was obvious. Over
support for nor- the 12 critical trials (where the majority gave the clearly incorrect answer) 75%
mative social in- of participants conformed at least once.
fluence. (& year)
, PSYCHOLOGY A LEVEL PAPER 1 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fqbplg
Study shows that as conformity occurred in a non-ambiguous situation, norma-
tive influence was the only explanation for the levels of conformity seen here.
8. Describe informa- Explains conformity that occurs out of a desire to be right. Occurs in ambiguous
tional social influ- situations where the correct answer or solution or way to behave isn't clear.
ence
9. Provide research Jenness (1932) Ambiguous situation where participants had to estimate the
support for infor- number of beans in the jar. Found that. Individual estimates moved towards the
mational social in- estimates of others showing that they privately believed the group estimate over
fluence their original one. Thus displaying informational social influence.
10. Describe the pro- 123 male students
cedure Asch's
Original Research Participant answered last or 2nd to last to call out which of the three comparison
into Conformity. lines matched the standard line. Was only 1 true participant and other 6 were
(1955) confederates.
Critical Trials: 12/18 trials where confederates provided the wrong answers.
11. How many partic- 123 American male students
ipants took place
in Asch's original
study?
12. What year did 1955
Asch's original
study take place?
13. What was the task To say which comparison line, A,B or C was the same as the stimulus line on 18
in Asch's original different trials
study?
14.
, PSYCHOLOGY A LEVEL PAPER 1 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fqbplg
Describe the con- 36 participants who were tested individually on 20 trials, to test how accurate
trol group in individual judgements were
Asch's original
study?
15. What were the 12 (out of 18 total trials) were critical, which meant that the confederates gave
critical trials of identically wrong answers and the real participants always answered last or
Asch's original second to last.
study?
16. Describe the re- 1. The control group had an error rate of less than 1% demonstrates the obvi-
sults of Asch's ousness of the answer
original study
2. 32% conformity rate in the critical trials
3. 25% of participants never conformed at all
4. 5% of participants conformed every single time
17. What did - Majority of conforming participants did so in order to avoid ridicule
the post-experi-
ment discussions - Some participants believed their perception was incorrect because they were
find in Asch's orig- told it was a visual perception test (and so conformed)
inal study?
- Some participants doubted themselves so conformed to the majority
18. What do the find- Even when the majority is clearly wrong, they still have influence over individuals.
ings of Asch's
original study Most participants conformed to avoid ridicule, i.e. normative social influence.
show?
19. What are situa- Features of an environment the affect the degree to which individuals yield to
tional variables? group pressures
, PSYCHOLOGY A LEVEL PAPER 1 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fqbplg
20. What are individ- Personal characteristics that affect the degree to which individuals yield to group
ual variables? pressures
21. Describe how Refers to the number of members within a social group
group size affects
majority influence As group size increases, conformity levels increase also.
Asch's variation: Found increases in conformity level until the group size reached
3 members, after this amount, there was hardly any change to the levels of
conformity levels.
22. Describe how Unanimity: Degree to which group members are in agreement with each other
unanimity affects
majority influence When the majority group is not unanimous, conformity levels drop.
Asch's variation: Conformity dropped to 5% when a confederate went against the
other confederates.
23. Describe how the How obvious the correct decision/answer is when regarding a task.
difficulty of a task
may affect ma- Asch's variation: The more similar in length the comparison lines were, the higher
jority influence. conformity levels were.
Which explana-
Supports Informational Social Influence.
tion for conformi-
ty do the results
of Asch's variation
support?
24. What happens to Conformity drops to 12.5%, supporting Normative Social Influence because
conformity levels participants were avoiding ridicule from the majority group,
when participants
were allowed to
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fqbplg
1. Define compli- Where you go along with the group in order to fit in even when you don't believe
ance in their view point, likely to be linked to NSI.
E.g. in the post-experiment discussions of Asch's study, most conforming partic-
ipants claimed to have went along with the wrong answer to avoid ridicule..
2. Define identifica- Adopting the views of a group both publicly and privately because you value
tion membership of that group. This is a stronger form of conformity, temporary and
is not maintained when individuals leave the group. For example, in the army
you may adopt the behaviour and beliefs of fellow soldiers, but on leaving the
army for civilian life, new behaviours and opinions will be adopted.
3. Define internali- (True Conformity) Behaviour/belief of the majority is accepted by the indivudal
sation and becomes part of their own belief system. Lasts even when the majority isn't
present. Most likely to be linked to ISI.
4. Define conformity The process of yielding to majority, when an individual is influence by a majority
group's views or behaviour
5. What are the dif- Informative Social Influence (ISI)
ferent explana- Normative Social Influence (NSI)
tions for confor- Variables affecting conformity (Investigated by Asch): Group size, Task Difficulty
mity? & Unanimity
6. Describe norma- When a person conforms to be accepted and to feel as though they belong to
tive social influ- a group. This usually occurs when conformity is socially rewarding or in order to
ence avoid social rejection.
7. Provide research Asch (1955) A line judgement test where the matching line was obvious. Over
support for nor- the 12 critical trials (where the majority gave the clearly incorrect answer) 75%
mative social in- of participants conformed at least once.
fluence. (& year)
, PSYCHOLOGY A LEVEL PAPER 1 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fqbplg
Study shows that as conformity occurred in a non-ambiguous situation, norma-
tive influence was the only explanation for the levels of conformity seen here.
8. Describe informa- Explains conformity that occurs out of a desire to be right. Occurs in ambiguous
tional social influ- situations where the correct answer or solution or way to behave isn't clear.
ence
9. Provide research Jenness (1932) Ambiguous situation where participants had to estimate the
support for infor- number of beans in the jar. Found that. Individual estimates moved towards the
mational social in- estimates of others showing that they privately believed the group estimate over
fluence their original one. Thus displaying informational social influence.
10. Describe the pro- 123 male students
cedure Asch's
Original Research Participant answered last or 2nd to last to call out which of the three comparison
into Conformity. lines matched the standard line. Was only 1 true participant and other 6 were
(1955) confederates.
Critical Trials: 12/18 trials where confederates provided the wrong answers.
11. How many partic- 123 American male students
ipants took place
in Asch's original
study?
12. What year did 1955
Asch's original
study take place?
13. What was the task To say which comparison line, A,B or C was the same as the stimulus line on 18
in Asch's original different trials
study?
14.
, PSYCHOLOGY A LEVEL PAPER 1 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fqbplg
Describe the con- 36 participants who were tested individually on 20 trials, to test how accurate
trol group in individual judgements were
Asch's original
study?
15. What were the 12 (out of 18 total trials) were critical, which meant that the confederates gave
critical trials of identically wrong answers and the real participants always answered last or
Asch's original second to last.
study?
16. Describe the re- 1. The control group had an error rate of less than 1% demonstrates the obvi-
sults of Asch's ousness of the answer
original study
2. 32% conformity rate in the critical trials
3. 25% of participants never conformed at all
4. 5% of participants conformed every single time
17. What did - Majority of conforming participants did so in order to avoid ridicule
the post-experi-
ment discussions - Some participants believed their perception was incorrect because they were
find in Asch's orig- told it was a visual perception test (and so conformed)
inal study?
- Some participants doubted themselves so conformed to the majority
18. What do the find- Even when the majority is clearly wrong, they still have influence over individuals.
ings of Asch's
original study Most participants conformed to avoid ridicule, i.e. normative social influence.
show?
19. What are situa- Features of an environment the affect the degree to which individuals yield to
tional variables? group pressures
, PSYCHOLOGY A LEVEL PAPER 1 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fqbplg
20. What are individ- Personal characteristics that affect the degree to which individuals yield to group
ual variables? pressures
21. Describe how Refers to the number of members within a social group
group size affects
majority influence As group size increases, conformity levels increase also.
Asch's variation: Found increases in conformity level until the group size reached
3 members, after this amount, there was hardly any change to the levels of
conformity levels.
22. Describe how Unanimity: Degree to which group members are in agreement with each other
unanimity affects
majority influence When the majority group is not unanimous, conformity levels drop.
Asch's variation: Conformity dropped to 5% when a confederate went against the
other confederates.
23. Describe how the How obvious the correct decision/answer is when regarding a task.
difficulty of a task
may affect ma- Asch's variation: The more similar in length the comparison lines were, the higher
jority influence. conformity levels were.
Which explana-
Supports Informational Social Influence.
tion for conformi-
ty do the results
of Asch's variation
support?
24. What happens to Conformity drops to 12.5%, supporting Normative Social Influence because
conformity levels participants were avoiding ridicule from the majority group,
when participants
were allowed to
