CMPC COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
SET A+
✔✔Other strategies to prevent choking - ✔✔Using implicit learning, which will minimize
the verbal knowledge that could make performers more susceptible to deautomatization
and choking
Employing acclimatization strategies, whereby performers are exposed to self-
awareness during training to help them adapt to being in that state during competition
Minimizing thinking time to avoid overthinking the task
Recognizing specific cues that could distract performers from a focus and might make
them prone to choke
Using a strategy focus, whereby performers focus on global areas of the task and
consequently avoid getting caught up in mechanics of their movements
Creating and using consistent preperformance routines
Identifying and using refocusing and self-regulation strategies to cope more effectively
in the moment of pressure
Normalizing mistakes
,Learning to accept emotional distress and uncomfortable emotions when performing in
high-pressure situations (Jackson & Beilock, 2007; Jordet, 2010; Marchant et al., 2014)
✔✔Team Building definition - ✔✔(a) increase its effectiveness, (b) satisfy the needs of
its members, and (c) improve work conditions" (Brawley & Paskevich, 1997, p. 13
✔✔Ways to effectively communicate with teams - ✔✔1) Tell stories and examples
2) Create engagement using emotion -Thus, MPCs' ability to engage and connect with
groups—as well as trigger their interest, excitement, or compassion—is likely important
to the success of group sessions.
3) Create a safe environment - psychological safety
4) Conflict management - One of the keys for consultants to effectively manage conflicts
is to put in place group norms for interaction and communication that facilitate the group
members in being able to discuss ideas and perspectives openly before a conflict has
occurred or aid the group in addressing conflicts at an early stage before they have
developed into issues that are more difficult to resolve. Moreover, a more advanced way
to facilitate a conflict involves turning-up or turning-down the level of conflict to make
sure that the differences between the involved parties are sufficiently expressed and
considered
The skilled conflict facilitator then helps the parties communicate constructively by
recognizing different conflict-handling styles on the continuum from assertive (i.e., a
focus on satisfying one's own concerns) to cooperative (i.e., a focus on satisfying the
other's concerns);
these conflict-handling styles can be expressed as competing, accommodating,
avoiding, collaborating, or compromising
✔✔Consultant Evaluation Form (CEF) - ✔✔he CEF was designed to assess athletes'
perceptions of MPC effectiveness and the amount and type of athlete-MPC contact. The
CEF contains 10 consultant characteristic items, rated on an 11-point ordinal scale (with
0 = "not at all" and 10 = "yes, definitely").
✔✔Session Rating Scale - ✔✔Consists of four questions capturing the alliance by
addressing the relationship, goals, and therapeutic approach taken as well as an overall
rating of the session. Responses are gathered with marks on a continuum scale
✔✔Case study - ✔✔This method offers a detailed evaluation of effectiveness through
"an in-depth exploration from multiple perspectives of the complexity and uniqueness of
a particular person, group, community, project, policy, programme or system in a
bounded context" (Hodge & Sharp, 2017, p. 63). The case examined may be a person,
a group, an institution, a process, a service, or an intervention.
, A case study approach examines whole units in their totality (e.g., an imagery
intervention to develop athlete confidence) and not aspects or variables of these units.
The case study participants (e.g., athlete clients) are regarded as experts rather than
just a source of data. The lessons learned from these cases are assumed to capture the
complexity of a single case.
✔✔Anderson and colleagues (2002) identified four broad effectiveness indicators as the
target for evaluation (see figure 9.2). - ✔✔1) Quality of support: represents the quality of
the practitioner-client relationship, which plays a key role in a successful outcome of
service provision. (Consultant effectiveness/Social Validity).
2) Psychological skills and well-being: Which are core aims of sport and performance
psychology practice.
3) Response to support: Over the course of the intervention, are the athlete's
understanding of psychological skills and ability to employ them improving? What is the
athlete's attitude toward the support provided? Is the athlete adhering to the intervention
and practice of skills?
4)Performance: Subjective / Objective
✔✔Program evaluation - ✔✔Evaluative feedback received allows the MPCs to monitor
the effectiveness of the intervention and consider positive adaptations to the program
for future delivery.
Program evaluation allows participants to have a voice regarding future changes or
adaptations to the program.
Program evaluation allows for reflection on the goals of the program and whether these
aims have been met.
✔✔Systematic Reflective Practice - ✔✔Systematic reflective practice is another
valuable means to determine the effectiveness of a consultant or an intervention
program. It has been defined as follows:
Reflective practice has been associated with:
The development of frameworks on how to deliver effective psychological service
provision (e.g., Keegan, 2016)
The development of effective MPC characteristics (e.g., Mellalieu, 2017)
The development of coping mechanisms that enhance practice (e.g., Cropley, Baldock,
Mellalieu, Neil, Wagstaff, & Wadey, 2016)
Creative and innovative approaches to practice (e.g., Schinke et al., 2006)
Improved links between philosophy and practice (e.g., Friesen & Orlick, 2010)
SET A+
✔✔Other strategies to prevent choking - ✔✔Using implicit learning, which will minimize
the verbal knowledge that could make performers more susceptible to deautomatization
and choking
Employing acclimatization strategies, whereby performers are exposed to self-
awareness during training to help them adapt to being in that state during competition
Minimizing thinking time to avoid overthinking the task
Recognizing specific cues that could distract performers from a focus and might make
them prone to choke
Using a strategy focus, whereby performers focus on global areas of the task and
consequently avoid getting caught up in mechanics of their movements
Creating and using consistent preperformance routines
Identifying and using refocusing and self-regulation strategies to cope more effectively
in the moment of pressure
Normalizing mistakes
,Learning to accept emotional distress and uncomfortable emotions when performing in
high-pressure situations (Jackson & Beilock, 2007; Jordet, 2010; Marchant et al., 2014)
✔✔Team Building definition - ✔✔(a) increase its effectiveness, (b) satisfy the needs of
its members, and (c) improve work conditions" (Brawley & Paskevich, 1997, p. 13
✔✔Ways to effectively communicate with teams - ✔✔1) Tell stories and examples
2) Create engagement using emotion -Thus, MPCs' ability to engage and connect with
groups—as well as trigger their interest, excitement, or compassion—is likely important
to the success of group sessions.
3) Create a safe environment - psychological safety
4) Conflict management - One of the keys for consultants to effectively manage conflicts
is to put in place group norms for interaction and communication that facilitate the group
members in being able to discuss ideas and perspectives openly before a conflict has
occurred or aid the group in addressing conflicts at an early stage before they have
developed into issues that are more difficult to resolve. Moreover, a more advanced way
to facilitate a conflict involves turning-up or turning-down the level of conflict to make
sure that the differences between the involved parties are sufficiently expressed and
considered
The skilled conflict facilitator then helps the parties communicate constructively by
recognizing different conflict-handling styles on the continuum from assertive (i.e., a
focus on satisfying one's own concerns) to cooperative (i.e., a focus on satisfying the
other's concerns);
these conflict-handling styles can be expressed as competing, accommodating,
avoiding, collaborating, or compromising
✔✔Consultant Evaluation Form (CEF) - ✔✔he CEF was designed to assess athletes'
perceptions of MPC effectiveness and the amount and type of athlete-MPC contact. The
CEF contains 10 consultant characteristic items, rated on an 11-point ordinal scale (with
0 = "not at all" and 10 = "yes, definitely").
✔✔Session Rating Scale - ✔✔Consists of four questions capturing the alliance by
addressing the relationship, goals, and therapeutic approach taken as well as an overall
rating of the session. Responses are gathered with marks on a continuum scale
✔✔Case study - ✔✔This method offers a detailed evaluation of effectiveness through
"an in-depth exploration from multiple perspectives of the complexity and uniqueness of
a particular person, group, community, project, policy, programme or system in a
bounded context" (Hodge & Sharp, 2017, p. 63). The case examined may be a person,
a group, an institution, a process, a service, or an intervention.
, A case study approach examines whole units in their totality (e.g., an imagery
intervention to develop athlete confidence) and not aspects or variables of these units.
The case study participants (e.g., athlete clients) are regarded as experts rather than
just a source of data. The lessons learned from these cases are assumed to capture the
complexity of a single case.
✔✔Anderson and colleagues (2002) identified four broad effectiveness indicators as the
target for evaluation (see figure 9.2). - ✔✔1) Quality of support: represents the quality of
the practitioner-client relationship, which plays a key role in a successful outcome of
service provision. (Consultant effectiveness/Social Validity).
2) Psychological skills and well-being: Which are core aims of sport and performance
psychology practice.
3) Response to support: Over the course of the intervention, are the athlete's
understanding of psychological skills and ability to employ them improving? What is the
athlete's attitude toward the support provided? Is the athlete adhering to the intervention
and practice of skills?
4)Performance: Subjective / Objective
✔✔Program evaluation - ✔✔Evaluative feedback received allows the MPCs to monitor
the effectiveness of the intervention and consider positive adaptations to the program
for future delivery.
Program evaluation allows participants to have a voice regarding future changes or
adaptations to the program.
Program evaluation allows for reflection on the goals of the program and whether these
aims have been met.
✔✔Systematic Reflective Practice - ✔✔Systematic reflective practice is another
valuable means to determine the effectiveness of a consultant or an intervention
program. It has been defined as follows:
Reflective practice has been associated with:
The development of frameworks on how to deliver effective psychological service
provision (e.g., Keegan, 2016)
The development of effective MPC characteristics (e.g., Mellalieu, 2017)
The development of coping mechanisms that enhance practice (e.g., Cropley, Baldock,
Mellalieu, Neil, Wagstaff, & Wadey, 2016)
Creative and innovative approaches to practice (e.g., Schinke et al., 2006)
Improved links between philosophy and practice (e.g., Friesen & Orlick, 2010)
