NUR 215 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔· Nonrebreather masks - ✔✔-Deliver most precise amount of oxygen WITHOUT
HUMIDIFICATION
-Have reservoir bag attached with valves to prevent breathing exhaled air
-Delivers highest concentration of oxygen; best choice to raise spO2 ASAP
✔✔Incentive spirometer: - ✔✔patient may need pain meds before using
✔✔· Home oxygen safety - ✔✔-Remove oxygen when using gas stove
-Store oxygen tank in a holder at all times
-Avoid over-oxygenating due to risk of oxygen toxicity
✔✔what to remember about Arterial blood gases (ABGs) - ✔✔-Patients with COPD may
have chronically high PCO2 levels (normal: 35-45)
✔✔Oxygenation health promotions - ✔✔-Encourage patients with COPD to get
pneumococcal vaccine
-Provide oral care twice per day to prevent pneumonia
✔✔if patient has pneumonia - ✔✔-Goal is for lungs to be clear to auscultation
-Encourage deep breaths
-Patient may have chest x-rays ordered to evaluate progress
-Providing humidification helps thin secretions to help patient cough them up
✔✔· Delegation to UAP regarding oxygenation - ✔✔-UAPs cannot collect sputum or
teach patient how to use incentive spirometer
-UAPs may transport specimen to lab, remind patient to use incentive spirometer, and
collect vitals
✔✔· Inhalers - ✔✔-Hold breath for 10 seconds after each puff
-Wait one minute between puffs
-Rinse mouth after using a corticosteroid inhaler
, -Floating inhaler in water is NOT a reliable method to determine remaining doses
✔✔· Eyedrops - ✔✔-To prevent systemic effects, apply gentle pressure to the lacrimal
ducts for 1-2 minutes after administering eyedrops
-Remove contacts before administering eyedrops
-To remove excess medication, wipe from inner canthus to outer canthus
✔✔· Eardrops (otic) - ✔✔- For children under 3 years old, pull pinna downward and
back
-For children over 3 years old, pull pinna upward and back-
-Have patient lay on their side for a few minutes after instilling drops
-Gently apply pressure to external ear after instilling drops
-Avoid touching the ear with the tip of the dropper to prevent contamination
✔✔· Subcutaneous injections - ✔✔-Pinch the skin and administer at 45-90° angle
-Injection should be smooth and quick
-Administer in an area of fatty tissue (abdominal fold is ideal)
✔✔· Intramuscular (IM) injections - ✔✔-Deltoid muscle may be used for small volume
injections (0.5-1mL)
-If > 3 mL, must administer into vastus lateralis
-Administer as one injection to decrease pain/discomfort
✔✔· Transdermal patches - ✔✔-Wash hands and wear gloves when applying patch
-Apply patch to a dry, hairless area
-Rotate site each time you apply a new patch
✔✔· Food-medication interactions - ✔✔If medication interacts with food, administer 30-
60 minutes before a meal or 2 hours after a meal (otherwise absorption may be
impacted)
✔✔· Self-administration - ✔✔-When teaching patient to self-administer medications,
assess for knowledge and confidence by asking patient to demonstrate
-Observe for nonverbal cues that may convey self-doubt or nervousness (i.e., facial
expressions, etc.)
✔✔Eastern medicine - ✔✔alternative medicine or folk remedies
✔✔· Six rights - ✔✔1. right patient
2. right drug
3. right route
4. right dos
5. right time
6. right documentation
✔✔· Nonrebreather masks - ✔✔-Deliver most precise amount of oxygen WITHOUT
HUMIDIFICATION
-Have reservoir bag attached with valves to prevent breathing exhaled air
-Delivers highest concentration of oxygen; best choice to raise spO2 ASAP
✔✔Incentive spirometer: - ✔✔patient may need pain meds before using
✔✔· Home oxygen safety - ✔✔-Remove oxygen when using gas stove
-Store oxygen tank in a holder at all times
-Avoid over-oxygenating due to risk of oxygen toxicity
✔✔what to remember about Arterial blood gases (ABGs) - ✔✔-Patients with COPD may
have chronically high PCO2 levels (normal: 35-45)
✔✔Oxygenation health promotions - ✔✔-Encourage patients with COPD to get
pneumococcal vaccine
-Provide oral care twice per day to prevent pneumonia
✔✔if patient has pneumonia - ✔✔-Goal is for lungs to be clear to auscultation
-Encourage deep breaths
-Patient may have chest x-rays ordered to evaluate progress
-Providing humidification helps thin secretions to help patient cough them up
✔✔· Delegation to UAP regarding oxygenation - ✔✔-UAPs cannot collect sputum or
teach patient how to use incentive spirometer
-UAPs may transport specimen to lab, remind patient to use incentive spirometer, and
collect vitals
✔✔· Inhalers - ✔✔-Hold breath for 10 seconds after each puff
-Wait one minute between puffs
-Rinse mouth after using a corticosteroid inhaler
, -Floating inhaler in water is NOT a reliable method to determine remaining doses
✔✔· Eyedrops - ✔✔-To prevent systemic effects, apply gentle pressure to the lacrimal
ducts for 1-2 minutes after administering eyedrops
-Remove contacts before administering eyedrops
-To remove excess medication, wipe from inner canthus to outer canthus
✔✔· Eardrops (otic) - ✔✔- For children under 3 years old, pull pinna downward and
back
-For children over 3 years old, pull pinna upward and back-
-Have patient lay on their side for a few minutes after instilling drops
-Gently apply pressure to external ear after instilling drops
-Avoid touching the ear with the tip of the dropper to prevent contamination
✔✔· Subcutaneous injections - ✔✔-Pinch the skin and administer at 45-90° angle
-Injection should be smooth and quick
-Administer in an area of fatty tissue (abdominal fold is ideal)
✔✔· Intramuscular (IM) injections - ✔✔-Deltoid muscle may be used for small volume
injections (0.5-1mL)
-If > 3 mL, must administer into vastus lateralis
-Administer as one injection to decrease pain/discomfort
✔✔· Transdermal patches - ✔✔-Wash hands and wear gloves when applying patch
-Apply patch to a dry, hairless area
-Rotate site each time you apply a new patch
✔✔· Food-medication interactions - ✔✔If medication interacts with food, administer 30-
60 minutes before a meal or 2 hours after a meal (otherwise absorption may be
impacted)
✔✔· Self-administration - ✔✔-When teaching patient to self-administer medications,
assess for knowledge and confidence by asking patient to demonstrate
-Observe for nonverbal cues that may convey self-doubt or nervousness (i.e., facial
expressions, etc.)
✔✔Eastern medicine - ✔✔alternative medicine or folk remedies
✔✔· Six rights - ✔✔1. right patient
2. right drug
3. right route
4. right dos
5. right time
6. right documentation
