PUBH 302 EXAMS 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
SURE A+
✔✔utilization trends - ✔✔aging population, diversity in the population, income/insurance
status, family structure, specific chronic conditions (cancer, HIV/AIDS)
✔✔resource trends 1 - ✔✔supply to meet demand
✔✔resource trends 2 - ✔✔increased medical sub-specialities, decreased primary care
✔✔resource trends 3 - ✔✔decreased community hospitals, length of stay, admissions
✔✔resource trends 4 - ✔✔increased hospital employees and outpatient services
✔✔resource trends 5 - ✔✔paying to keep people out of hospitals
✔✔Affordable Care Act - ✔✔An expansion of medicaid, most of employers must provide
health insurance, have insurance or face surtax, prevents rejection based on pre-
existing condition. Also referred to as "Obamacare", signed into law in 2010.
✔✔ACA - ✔✔reforms private health insurance market, provide better coverage for those
with pre-existing conditions, improves prescription drug coverage in Medicare, extend
the life of the Medicare trust fund by at least 12 years, health insurance exchanges
✔✔ACA goal - ✔✔provide health insurance to the uninsured (universal coverage)
✔✔premium - ✔✔payment an insured person makes on an insurance policy
✔✔deductible - ✔✔amount the insured pays before the policy (insurance company)
starts to pay
, ✔✔co-pay - ✔✔specific amount the insured pays out-of-pocket for health care services
at the time the costs are incurred with the insurer paying the remaining costs, typically a
fixed amount
✔✔co-insurance - ✔✔same as co-pay except the amount is a %
✔✔in-plan/out-of-plan - ✔✔
✔✔gatekeeper - ✔✔primary care provider. (approves referral to see a specialist)
✔✔which populations are more likely to not have insurance coverage? - ✔✔poor adults,
the south is less likely to have coverage with good health, around half are white and
majority of the ages are 25-54 . mostly childless adults
✔✔agent - ✔✔microorganism, chemical substance, or form of radiation whose
presence/excessive presence/relative absence is essential for the occurrence of a
disease
✔✔infectivity - ✔✔ability to infect
✔✔pathogenicity - ✔✔ability to cause disease
✔✔virulence - ✔✔ability to cause death
✔✔immunogenicity - ✔✔likelihood of triggering an immune system defense
✔✔antigenic stability - ✔✔condition of an individual who has been infected by a
disease, and then remains immune to further infection in later life (chicken pox)
✔✔host - ✔✔person of living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent
✔✔environment - ✔✔physical, biological, social, economic components
✔✔epi triad - ✔✔DISEASE: Agent, Host, Environment
✔✔bacteria - ✔✔one cell microorganism that multiply quickly and may release
chemicals which can make you sick
✔✔viruses - ✔✔capsules that contain genetic material and use your own cells to
multiply
✔✔fungi - ✔✔primitive vegetables, like mushrooms, mildew, mold, or yeasts
SURE A+
✔✔utilization trends - ✔✔aging population, diversity in the population, income/insurance
status, family structure, specific chronic conditions (cancer, HIV/AIDS)
✔✔resource trends 1 - ✔✔supply to meet demand
✔✔resource trends 2 - ✔✔increased medical sub-specialities, decreased primary care
✔✔resource trends 3 - ✔✔decreased community hospitals, length of stay, admissions
✔✔resource trends 4 - ✔✔increased hospital employees and outpatient services
✔✔resource trends 5 - ✔✔paying to keep people out of hospitals
✔✔Affordable Care Act - ✔✔An expansion of medicaid, most of employers must provide
health insurance, have insurance or face surtax, prevents rejection based on pre-
existing condition. Also referred to as "Obamacare", signed into law in 2010.
✔✔ACA - ✔✔reforms private health insurance market, provide better coverage for those
with pre-existing conditions, improves prescription drug coverage in Medicare, extend
the life of the Medicare trust fund by at least 12 years, health insurance exchanges
✔✔ACA goal - ✔✔provide health insurance to the uninsured (universal coverage)
✔✔premium - ✔✔payment an insured person makes on an insurance policy
✔✔deductible - ✔✔amount the insured pays before the policy (insurance company)
starts to pay
, ✔✔co-pay - ✔✔specific amount the insured pays out-of-pocket for health care services
at the time the costs are incurred with the insurer paying the remaining costs, typically a
fixed amount
✔✔co-insurance - ✔✔same as co-pay except the amount is a %
✔✔in-plan/out-of-plan - ✔✔
✔✔gatekeeper - ✔✔primary care provider. (approves referral to see a specialist)
✔✔which populations are more likely to not have insurance coverage? - ✔✔poor adults,
the south is less likely to have coverage with good health, around half are white and
majority of the ages are 25-54 . mostly childless adults
✔✔agent - ✔✔microorganism, chemical substance, or form of radiation whose
presence/excessive presence/relative absence is essential for the occurrence of a
disease
✔✔infectivity - ✔✔ability to infect
✔✔pathogenicity - ✔✔ability to cause disease
✔✔virulence - ✔✔ability to cause death
✔✔immunogenicity - ✔✔likelihood of triggering an immune system defense
✔✔antigenic stability - ✔✔condition of an individual who has been infected by a
disease, and then remains immune to further infection in later life (chicken pox)
✔✔host - ✔✔person of living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent
✔✔environment - ✔✔physical, biological, social, economic components
✔✔epi triad - ✔✔DISEASE: Agent, Host, Environment
✔✔bacteria - ✔✔one cell microorganism that multiply quickly and may release
chemicals which can make you sick
✔✔viruses - ✔✔capsules that contain genetic material and use your own cells to
multiply
✔✔fungi - ✔✔primitive vegetables, like mushrooms, mildew, mold, or yeasts
