Biology Lernzettel KA1
Evidence of common
ancestry and the theory of evolution
Name, distinguish , exemplify (veranschanlichen) kinds of evidence of ancestry and (eg transitional
various common the
theory of evolution .
.
form , fossils)
transitiona form definition : organisms that show features of two different ancestral and advanced traits
groups ,
combining
stages of evolution
-
show , how species changed rather
gradually than suddenly
for transitional archaeopteryx often called oldest-known bird- fossil found in 19th century
an example a
form/connecting link is the the
shows reptilian traits claws :
on its
wings ,
theeth in its jaws , bony tail , scales on some parts of the
body &
characteristics of a bird :
feathers , wings , lightweight bones , wishbone (Gabelbein
> in
-
KA vermutlich anderes Tier z .B . Schnabeltier um dann zu erklären , warum es eine transitional formist
fossils definition : the preserved remains or traces of a dead organism that lived in the past
>
be found different layers of the earth and be formed from
-
can in can :
}
hard body which do not minerals which do not
parts decay replaced by decay
·
or are
Fossils of simple organisms are mainly found
in the oldest rocks , those of more complex
·
parts of organisms which do not
decay because one of the factors needed is missing ones in the newest rocks
·
preserved traces such as footprints which become covered by sediment which
may become a rock
>
-
fossils can be preserved in ice ,
natural tar or tree sap
>
-
fossils part of proving evolution : proves Darwins theory of life evolving from simple to more complex , through fossils scientists can learn how much
little have still fossil founds because lot of early forms of life soft-bodied have
or organisms changed over time
,
but there are
gaps
in a were +
left few traces behind , some traces
may
also be
destroyed by geological activity ->
scientists can not be certain of how life began
body vs . trace fossils : a body fossil is a physical remain like bonegor theeth while trace fossils are evidence of an
organism's activity such as footprints
fossilization methods can
change the preserved organism :
replacement tissue is completly replaced by minerals , recrystallization:
:
original minerals
change into new crystalic structures > new
-
texture + detail
homologies and analogies
traits different organisms are inherited from also had this trait
Honology : in similar because
they were a common ancestor that
species are related and have developed into different directions ; can have
differing function
Analogy : two species have traits that seem similar and fulfil the same function but are not based on common
ancestory ; the trait is
not inherited from the
became similar in this trait
same ancestor; two species
independently
How does it evidence? The key difference of
serve as those two lies in their evolutionary origines .
While homologous structures show that species diverged from a common ancestor,
analagous structures do not show common ancestory
,
but demonstrate how natural selection can produce similar adaptions when species experience the same environmental pressure
>
- in KAvermutlich Beispiele begründet zuordnen
restiges and atavisms
restige Structures which lost their original function , they may function .
unnecessary or fulfil
: be incomplete , a new It can
effect behaviour as well as organs.
or
organs
>
-
caused by a
change in living conditions
Evidence of common
ancestry and the theory of evolution
Name, distinguish , exemplify (veranschanlichen) kinds of evidence of ancestry and (eg transitional
various common the
theory of evolution .
.
form , fossils)
transitiona form definition : organisms that show features of two different ancestral and advanced traits
groups ,
combining
stages of evolution
-
show , how species changed rather
gradually than suddenly
for transitional archaeopteryx often called oldest-known bird- fossil found in 19th century
an example a
form/connecting link is the the
shows reptilian traits claws :
on its
wings ,
theeth in its jaws , bony tail , scales on some parts of the
body &
characteristics of a bird :
feathers , wings , lightweight bones , wishbone (Gabelbein
> in
-
KA vermutlich anderes Tier z .B . Schnabeltier um dann zu erklären , warum es eine transitional formist
fossils definition : the preserved remains or traces of a dead organism that lived in the past
>
be found different layers of the earth and be formed from
-
can in can :
}
hard body which do not minerals which do not
parts decay replaced by decay
·
or are
Fossils of simple organisms are mainly found
in the oldest rocks , those of more complex
·
parts of organisms which do not
decay because one of the factors needed is missing ones in the newest rocks
·
preserved traces such as footprints which become covered by sediment which
may become a rock
>
-
fossils can be preserved in ice ,
natural tar or tree sap
>
-
fossils part of proving evolution : proves Darwins theory of life evolving from simple to more complex , through fossils scientists can learn how much
little have still fossil founds because lot of early forms of life soft-bodied have
or organisms changed over time
,
but there are
gaps
in a were +
left few traces behind , some traces
may
also be
destroyed by geological activity ->
scientists can not be certain of how life began
body vs . trace fossils : a body fossil is a physical remain like bonegor theeth while trace fossils are evidence of an
organism's activity such as footprints
fossilization methods can
change the preserved organism :
replacement tissue is completly replaced by minerals , recrystallization:
:
original minerals
change into new crystalic structures > new
-
texture + detail
homologies and analogies
traits different organisms are inherited from also had this trait
Honology : in similar because
they were a common ancestor that
species are related and have developed into different directions ; can have
differing function
Analogy : two species have traits that seem similar and fulfil the same function but are not based on common
ancestory ; the trait is
not inherited from the
became similar in this trait
same ancestor; two species
independently
How does it evidence? The key difference of
serve as those two lies in their evolutionary origines .
While homologous structures show that species diverged from a common ancestor,
analagous structures do not show common ancestory
,
but demonstrate how natural selection can produce similar adaptions when species experience the same environmental pressure
>
- in KAvermutlich Beispiele begründet zuordnen
restiges and atavisms
restige Structures which lost their original function , they may function .
unnecessary or fulfil
: be incomplete , a new It can
effect behaviour as well as organs.
or
organs
>
-
caused by a
change in living conditions
