COKO ACTUAL FINALS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
SET A+
✔✔Grade III sprain - ✔✔severe pain and swelling, substantial joint instability, total tear
of the ligament, substantial decrease in ROM, potentially "pop" sound
treatment:Immobilization, Physical therapy similar to grade 2 sprains but over a longer
periodPossible surgical reconstruction
✔✔Grade I AC sprain - ✔✔partial ligament tear, minor damage, no separation
✔✔Grade II AC sprain - ✔✔complete rupture AC ligament
✔✔cause of AC sprain - ✔✔Result of direct blow (from any direction), upward force
from humerus, fall on outstretched arm
✔✔Grade 3 AC sprain - ✔✔rupture of AC and CC ligaments, often upward
displacement of clavicle
✔✔Grade 4 AC sprain - ✔✔Post clavicular displacement, possible posterior tenting of
the skin, requires surgery
✔✔Grade 5 AC sprain - ✔✔loss of AC and CC ligaments; tearing of deltoid and
trapezius attachments; gross deformity, severe pain, decreased ROM
✔✔Grade 6 AC sprain - ✔✔Displacement of clavicle behind the coracobrachialis,
requires surgery
✔✔Ottawa Ankle Rules - ✔✔Ankle film if:
-Bone tenderness at lateral malleolus
-Bone tenderness at medial malleolus
-Inability to to walk 4 steps after injury and in ER
Foot films if:
, -Bone tenderness at base of 5th metatarsal
-Bone tenderness at navicular bone
-Inability to to walk 4 steps after injury and in ER
✔✔Anterior Drawer Test - ✔✔ACL tear
✔✔Trendelenburg test - ✔✔The patient stands and rises one foot and then the other
while the doctor observes the buttocks.
Positive sign is when the buttock drops on the side that the foot is elevated indicating
hip abductor weakness on the stance leg side.
✔✔thomas test - ✔✔hip flexor tightness
✔✔timeline of injury healing process - ✔✔(1 injury to cell)
(2 chemical mediators liberated)
(3 vascular reactions)
(4 marginations)
(5 diapedesis)
(6 phagocytosis)
(7 clot formation)
✔✔BMI - ✔✔underweight - less than 18.5, normal 18.5-25, overweight 25-30, obese 30-
35, extreme obese 35+
✔✔employee comfort survey - ✔✔to assess the ergonomic factors that may affect
employees' comfort, productivity, and health based on employee feedback
✔✔osteoarthritis treatment - ✔✔Physical therapy
swimming, cycling, yoga
Weight Management
Vitamin D and Calcium
Ice packs and heating pads
Assistive devices
Joint taping
✔✔nociceptors - ✔✔pain receptors for heat, mechanical and chemical signals
✔✔at 90 degree elbow flexion - ✔✔moment arm is the longest, muscle can develop
greatest moment, greatest pull upward
✔✔more than 90 flexion - ✔✔compression of joint, lower moment
✔✔less than 90 degree flexion - ✔✔some of the acting force causes tension
SET A+
✔✔Grade III sprain - ✔✔severe pain and swelling, substantial joint instability, total tear
of the ligament, substantial decrease in ROM, potentially "pop" sound
treatment:Immobilization, Physical therapy similar to grade 2 sprains but over a longer
periodPossible surgical reconstruction
✔✔Grade I AC sprain - ✔✔partial ligament tear, minor damage, no separation
✔✔Grade II AC sprain - ✔✔complete rupture AC ligament
✔✔cause of AC sprain - ✔✔Result of direct blow (from any direction), upward force
from humerus, fall on outstretched arm
✔✔Grade 3 AC sprain - ✔✔rupture of AC and CC ligaments, often upward
displacement of clavicle
✔✔Grade 4 AC sprain - ✔✔Post clavicular displacement, possible posterior tenting of
the skin, requires surgery
✔✔Grade 5 AC sprain - ✔✔loss of AC and CC ligaments; tearing of deltoid and
trapezius attachments; gross deformity, severe pain, decreased ROM
✔✔Grade 6 AC sprain - ✔✔Displacement of clavicle behind the coracobrachialis,
requires surgery
✔✔Ottawa Ankle Rules - ✔✔Ankle film if:
-Bone tenderness at lateral malleolus
-Bone tenderness at medial malleolus
-Inability to to walk 4 steps after injury and in ER
Foot films if:
, -Bone tenderness at base of 5th metatarsal
-Bone tenderness at navicular bone
-Inability to to walk 4 steps after injury and in ER
✔✔Anterior Drawer Test - ✔✔ACL tear
✔✔Trendelenburg test - ✔✔The patient stands and rises one foot and then the other
while the doctor observes the buttocks.
Positive sign is when the buttock drops on the side that the foot is elevated indicating
hip abductor weakness on the stance leg side.
✔✔thomas test - ✔✔hip flexor tightness
✔✔timeline of injury healing process - ✔✔(1 injury to cell)
(2 chemical mediators liberated)
(3 vascular reactions)
(4 marginations)
(5 diapedesis)
(6 phagocytosis)
(7 clot formation)
✔✔BMI - ✔✔underweight - less than 18.5, normal 18.5-25, overweight 25-30, obese 30-
35, extreme obese 35+
✔✔employee comfort survey - ✔✔to assess the ergonomic factors that may affect
employees' comfort, productivity, and health based on employee feedback
✔✔osteoarthritis treatment - ✔✔Physical therapy
swimming, cycling, yoga
Weight Management
Vitamin D and Calcium
Ice packs and heating pads
Assistive devices
Joint taping
✔✔nociceptors - ✔✔pain receptors for heat, mechanical and chemical signals
✔✔at 90 degree elbow flexion - ✔✔moment arm is the longest, muscle can develop
greatest moment, greatest pull upward
✔✔more than 90 flexion - ✔✔compression of joint, lower moment
✔✔less than 90 degree flexion - ✔✔some of the acting force causes tension
