STRAIGHTERLINE PSY120
COMPREHENSIVE EXAMS SET 2026 FINAL
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ Hippocrates.
Answer: theorized that personality traits and human behaviors are based
on four separate temperaments associated with four fluids of the body
⩥ Galen.
Answer: believed both diseases and personality differences could be
explained by imbalance in the humors and that each person exhibits one
of the four temperaments
⩥ Phrenology - Franz Gall.
Answer: proposed that the distances between bumps on the skull reveal a
person's personality traits, character, and mental abilities
⩥ Immanuel Kant.
Answer: agreed with Galen that individuals could be categorized into
one of the four temperaments, developed list of traits to describe
personality
,⩥ Wilhelm Wundt.
Answer: suggested that personality could be described using two major
axes
⩥ Emotional/non-emotional.
Answer: separated strong emotions (melancholic, choleric) from the
weak emotions (phlegmatic, sanguine)
⩥ Changeable/unchangeable.
Answer: divided the changeable temperaments (choleric, sanguine) from
the unchangeable ones (melancholic, phlegmatic)
⩥ Freud's Psychodynamic perspective.
Answer: First comprehensive theory of personality explaining both
normal and abnormal behaviors, proposed that unconscious drives
influenced by sex, aggression and childhood sexuality influence
personality
⩥ Neo-Freudians.
Answer: agreed that childhood experiences matter, less emphasis on sex,
focused on social environment and effects of culture on personality
⩥ Unconscious.
Answer: mental activity that we are unaware of and are unable to access
, ⩥ Freudian slip.
Answer: Freud suggested that slips of the tongue are sexual/aggressive
urges accidentally slipping out of our unconscious
⩥ Id.
Answer: contains primitive urges (hunger, thirst, sex), impulsive,
instinctual, operates on pleasure principle (seeking immediate
gratification)
⩥ Superego.
Answer: develops through interactions with others, learning social rules
for right and wrong, moral compass that tells us how we should behave
based on rules, strives for perfection, judges behavior
⩥ Ego (self).
Answer: attempts to balance the id with superego, rational, operates on
the reality principle (help id satisfy desires in realistic way)
⩥ Defense Mechanism.
Answer: unconscious protective behaviors that work to reduce anxiety,
used by the ego to restore balance between id and superego
⩥ Individual psychology.
COMPREHENSIVE EXAMS SET 2026 FINAL
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ Hippocrates.
Answer: theorized that personality traits and human behaviors are based
on four separate temperaments associated with four fluids of the body
⩥ Galen.
Answer: believed both diseases and personality differences could be
explained by imbalance in the humors and that each person exhibits one
of the four temperaments
⩥ Phrenology - Franz Gall.
Answer: proposed that the distances between bumps on the skull reveal a
person's personality traits, character, and mental abilities
⩥ Immanuel Kant.
Answer: agreed with Galen that individuals could be categorized into
one of the four temperaments, developed list of traits to describe
personality
,⩥ Wilhelm Wundt.
Answer: suggested that personality could be described using two major
axes
⩥ Emotional/non-emotional.
Answer: separated strong emotions (melancholic, choleric) from the
weak emotions (phlegmatic, sanguine)
⩥ Changeable/unchangeable.
Answer: divided the changeable temperaments (choleric, sanguine) from
the unchangeable ones (melancholic, phlegmatic)
⩥ Freud's Psychodynamic perspective.
Answer: First comprehensive theory of personality explaining both
normal and abnormal behaviors, proposed that unconscious drives
influenced by sex, aggression and childhood sexuality influence
personality
⩥ Neo-Freudians.
Answer: agreed that childhood experiences matter, less emphasis on sex,
focused on social environment and effects of culture on personality
⩥ Unconscious.
Answer: mental activity that we are unaware of and are unable to access
, ⩥ Freudian slip.
Answer: Freud suggested that slips of the tongue are sexual/aggressive
urges accidentally slipping out of our unconscious
⩥ Id.
Answer: contains primitive urges (hunger, thirst, sex), impulsive,
instinctual, operates on pleasure principle (seeking immediate
gratification)
⩥ Superego.
Answer: develops through interactions with others, learning social rules
for right and wrong, moral compass that tells us how we should behave
based on rules, strives for perfection, judges behavior
⩥ Ego (self).
Answer: attempts to balance the id with superego, rational, operates on
the reality principle (help id satisfy desires in realistic way)
⩥ Defense Mechanism.
Answer: unconscious protective behaviors that work to reduce anxiety,
used by the ego to restore balance between id and superego
⩥ Individual psychology.
