BIOL 2051 Final Exam LSU Questions with 100% Verified
Answers Latest Update
Question: Pathogen1
Answer:
an organism that can cause disease
Question: Primary Pathogens
Answer:
produce disease readily in healthy hosts
Question: Opportunistic Pathogens
Answer:
only cause disease when displaces to an unusual site or when host has a weakened immune
system
Question: Localized Infection
Answer:
organisms grow locally at site of invasion
Question: Systemic Infection
Answer:
organisms spread through body using blood or lymphatic systems
Question: What Makes a Good Pathogen
Answer:
- avoids the immune system
- able to spread before syptoms present
- different mode of transmission
- array of different hosts
- doesn't kill host
Question: Direct Transmission
Answer:
physical interaction between infected and susceptible hosts
Question: Indirect Transmission
Answer:
,nonliving thing carries infectious agent from infected to susceptible individual
Question: Fomite
Answer:
inanimate object (used needle, toothbrush, bedding)
Question: Horizontal Transmission
Answer:
transmission of a pathogen between members of a species other than parent to offsping
Question: Vertical Transmission
Answer:
passing of a pathogen from parent to child
Question: Zoonotic Transfer
Answer:
pathogen moves from its natural host to a human
Question: Distribution of Human Pathogen Species
Answer:
Bacteria>Fungi>Helminths>Viruses & Prions>Protozoa
Question: Helminth
Answer:
parasitic worm
Question: Virulence
Answer:
ability of a pathogen to cause disease
Question: Infectious Dose
Answer:
number of organisms to colonize 50% of hosts
Question: Virulence Factors
Answer:
anything made by pathogen to help it cause disease
,Question: Adhearance Factors
Answer:
help pathogens attach to host cell
Question: Capsule
Answer:
complex of polysaccharides & water protects bacterium from phagocytosis
Question: Fimbriae and Pili
Answer:
help bacteria to attach to surface
Question: Invasive Factors
Answer:
help pathogen to invade host tissue by penetrating the epithelium
Question: Streptococcus and Staphylococcus sp.
Answer:
can produce hyalurondase that breaks down hyaluronic acid that holds cells together
Question: Clostridiumm sp.
Answer:
can produce collagenase that breaks down collagen
Question: Colonization Factors
Answer:
help pathogen grow within host tissue
Question: Vibrio cholerae
Answer:
secrets a protein TcpF (toxin coregulated pilus protein F) that allows colonization of the
small intestine
Question: Cell Surface Structures
Answer:
help pathogen avoid phagocytosis
, Question: Exotoxins
Answer:
soluble chemical excreted by viable pathogens
Question: Cytolytic Toxins
Answer:
cause lysis of host cell
Question: a-b Toxins
Answer:
composed of two proteins covalently bound: binds to host cell and transfers to cause
damage
Question: Diphtheria
Answer:
toxin produced by Corynebacterium diphtheria
Question: Enterotoxins
Answer:
exotoxins that affect the small intestine causing changes in intestinal permeability that lead
to diarrhea
Question: Cholera Toxin
Answer:
produced by Vibrio cholera
Question: Endotoxin
Answer:
toxic bacterial structural component released upon bacterial cell death
Question: lipopolysaccharide
Answer:
derived from the outer membrane Gram negative bacteria
Question: Staohylococcus auerus
Answer:
Answers Latest Update
Question: Pathogen1
Answer:
an organism that can cause disease
Question: Primary Pathogens
Answer:
produce disease readily in healthy hosts
Question: Opportunistic Pathogens
Answer:
only cause disease when displaces to an unusual site or when host has a weakened immune
system
Question: Localized Infection
Answer:
organisms grow locally at site of invasion
Question: Systemic Infection
Answer:
organisms spread through body using blood or lymphatic systems
Question: What Makes a Good Pathogen
Answer:
- avoids the immune system
- able to spread before syptoms present
- different mode of transmission
- array of different hosts
- doesn't kill host
Question: Direct Transmission
Answer:
physical interaction between infected and susceptible hosts
Question: Indirect Transmission
Answer:
,nonliving thing carries infectious agent from infected to susceptible individual
Question: Fomite
Answer:
inanimate object (used needle, toothbrush, bedding)
Question: Horizontal Transmission
Answer:
transmission of a pathogen between members of a species other than parent to offsping
Question: Vertical Transmission
Answer:
passing of a pathogen from parent to child
Question: Zoonotic Transfer
Answer:
pathogen moves from its natural host to a human
Question: Distribution of Human Pathogen Species
Answer:
Bacteria>Fungi>Helminths>Viruses & Prions>Protozoa
Question: Helminth
Answer:
parasitic worm
Question: Virulence
Answer:
ability of a pathogen to cause disease
Question: Infectious Dose
Answer:
number of organisms to colonize 50% of hosts
Question: Virulence Factors
Answer:
anything made by pathogen to help it cause disease
,Question: Adhearance Factors
Answer:
help pathogens attach to host cell
Question: Capsule
Answer:
complex of polysaccharides & water protects bacterium from phagocytosis
Question: Fimbriae and Pili
Answer:
help bacteria to attach to surface
Question: Invasive Factors
Answer:
help pathogen to invade host tissue by penetrating the epithelium
Question: Streptococcus and Staphylococcus sp.
Answer:
can produce hyalurondase that breaks down hyaluronic acid that holds cells together
Question: Clostridiumm sp.
Answer:
can produce collagenase that breaks down collagen
Question: Colonization Factors
Answer:
help pathogen grow within host tissue
Question: Vibrio cholerae
Answer:
secrets a protein TcpF (toxin coregulated pilus protein F) that allows colonization of the
small intestine
Question: Cell Surface Structures
Answer:
help pathogen avoid phagocytosis
, Question: Exotoxins
Answer:
soluble chemical excreted by viable pathogens
Question: Cytolytic Toxins
Answer:
cause lysis of host cell
Question: a-b Toxins
Answer:
composed of two proteins covalently bound: binds to host cell and transfers to cause
damage
Question: Diphtheria
Answer:
toxin produced by Corynebacterium diphtheria
Question: Enterotoxins
Answer:
exotoxins that affect the small intestine causing changes in intestinal permeability that lead
to diarrhea
Question: Cholera Toxin
Answer:
produced by Vibrio cholera
Question: Endotoxin
Answer:
toxic bacterial structural component released upon bacterial cell death
Question: lipopolysaccharide
Answer:
derived from the outer membrane Gram negative bacteria
Question: Staohylococcus auerus
Answer:
