NUR 3125 Pathophysiology Exam 2026 | Inflammation & Immunity |Questions and
answers with rationales | 100% Guaranteed Success
1. What two concepts cross every disease process?
A. Inflammation and Immunity
B. Reduced immune activity
C. Decreased tissue response
D. Complete absence of inflammation
Answer: A
Rationale: Inflammation and immunity are fundamental processes involved across disease
states.
2. What is the primary purpose of inflammation?
A. Healing, tissue repair, and activation of the immune system
B. Loss of normal tissue function
C. Reduced blood flow
D. No cellular response
Answer: B
Rationale: Inflammation protects the body by removing injury causes and supporting
repair.
3. What type of response is inflammation primarily considered?
A. A functional response
B. Reduced immune activity
C. Decreased tissue response
D. Complete absence of inflammation
Answer: C
Rationale: Inflammation is a protective functional response to injury.
4. Which finding represents a cardinal sign of inflammation?
A. Redness
B. Loss of normal tissue function
C. Reduced blood flow
D. No cellular response
Answer: A
Rationale: The cardinal signs include redness, warmth, pain, swelling, and loss of function.
,5. A patient with inflammation has warmth at the injury site. What causes this
finding?
A. Increased blood flow to the affected area
B. Reduced immune activity
C. Decreased tissue response
D. Complete absence of inflammation
Answer: D
Rationale: Increased circulation during inflammation produces warmth.
6. Swelling during inflammation occurs because of what mechanism?
A. Increased vascular permeability
B. Loss of normal tissue function
C. Reduced blood flow
D. No cellular response
Answer: B
Rationale: Leaky vessels allow fluid to enter the interstitial space.
7. Which condition can trigger inflammation?
A. Microbial infection
B. Reduced immune activity
C. Decreased tissue response
D. Complete absence of inflammation
Answer: C
Rationale: Inflammation may result from infections, physical agents, chemicals, and immune
reactions.
8. Which is an example of a physical cause of inflammation?
A. Burn injury
B. Loss of normal tissue function
C. Reduced blood flow
D. No cellular response
Answer: A
Rationale: Physical agents include burns, trauma, radiation, and lacerations.
, 9. Acute inflammation generally lasts for how long?
A. Less than 48 hours
B. Reduced immune activity
C. Decreased tissue response
D. Complete absence of inflammation
Answer: B
Rationale: Acute inflammation is an early rapid response.
10. Which cells dominate acute inflammation?
A. Neutrophils
B. Loss of normal tissue function
C. Reduced blood flow
D. No cellular response
Answer: C
Rationale: Neutrophils are the primary cells involved in acute inflammation.
11. Which cells are associated with chronic inflammation?
A. Macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells
B. Reduced immune activity
C. Decreased tissue response
D. Complete absence of inflammation
Answer: D
Rationale: Chronic inflammation involves mononuclear cells.
12. A patient has chronic inflammation. Which process contributes to scar formation?
A. Fibroblast activation and collagen deposition
B. Loss of normal tissue function
C. Reduced blood flow
D. No cellular response
Answer: A
Rationale: Fibroblasts produce collagen during chronic inflammation.
answers with rationales | 100% Guaranteed Success
1. What two concepts cross every disease process?
A. Inflammation and Immunity
B. Reduced immune activity
C. Decreased tissue response
D. Complete absence of inflammation
Answer: A
Rationale: Inflammation and immunity are fundamental processes involved across disease
states.
2. What is the primary purpose of inflammation?
A. Healing, tissue repair, and activation of the immune system
B. Loss of normal tissue function
C. Reduced blood flow
D. No cellular response
Answer: B
Rationale: Inflammation protects the body by removing injury causes and supporting
repair.
3. What type of response is inflammation primarily considered?
A. A functional response
B. Reduced immune activity
C. Decreased tissue response
D. Complete absence of inflammation
Answer: C
Rationale: Inflammation is a protective functional response to injury.
4. Which finding represents a cardinal sign of inflammation?
A. Redness
B. Loss of normal tissue function
C. Reduced blood flow
D. No cellular response
Answer: A
Rationale: The cardinal signs include redness, warmth, pain, swelling, and loss of function.
,5. A patient with inflammation has warmth at the injury site. What causes this
finding?
A. Increased blood flow to the affected area
B. Reduced immune activity
C. Decreased tissue response
D. Complete absence of inflammation
Answer: D
Rationale: Increased circulation during inflammation produces warmth.
6. Swelling during inflammation occurs because of what mechanism?
A. Increased vascular permeability
B. Loss of normal tissue function
C. Reduced blood flow
D. No cellular response
Answer: B
Rationale: Leaky vessels allow fluid to enter the interstitial space.
7. Which condition can trigger inflammation?
A. Microbial infection
B. Reduced immune activity
C. Decreased tissue response
D. Complete absence of inflammation
Answer: C
Rationale: Inflammation may result from infections, physical agents, chemicals, and immune
reactions.
8. Which is an example of a physical cause of inflammation?
A. Burn injury
B. Loss of normal tissue function
C. Reduced blood flow
D. No cellular response
Answer: A
Rationale: Physical agents include burns, trauma, radiation, and lacerations.
, 9. Acute inflammation generally lasts for how long?
A. Less than 48 hours
B. Reduced immune activity
C. Decreased tissue response
D. Complete absence of inflammation
Answer: B
Rationale: Acute inflammation is an early rapid response.
10. Which cells dominate acute inflammation?
A. Neutrophils
B. Loss of normal tissue function
C. Reduced blood flow
D. No cellular response
Answer: C
Rationale: Neutrophils are the primary cells involved in acute inflammation.
11. Which cells are associated with chronic inflammation?
A. Macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells
B. Reduced immune activity
C. Decreased tissue response
D. Complete absence of inflammation
Answer: D
Rationale: Chronic inflammation involves mononuclear cells.
12. A patient has chronic inflammation. Which process contributes to scar formation?
A. Fibroblast activation and collagen deposition
B. Loss of normal tissue function
C. Reduced blood flow
D. No cellular response
Answer: A
Rationale: Fibroblasts produce collagen during chronic inflammation.
