NUR 4132 Pediatric Endocrine & Diabetes Exam 2026 | Questions,
Answers & Detailed Rationales
1. A child is diagnosed with hypopituitarism. Which finding should the nurse
expect?
A. Excessive height
B. Growth retardation and short stature
C. Weight loss and heat intolerance
D. Increased muscle mass
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypopituitarism involves decreased growth hormone secretion,
resulting in impaired growth and short stature.
2. Which test is used to diagnose hypopituitarism?
A. GH stimulation testing
B. Urine culture
C. ECG monitoring
D. Liver biopsy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: GH stimulation testing evaluates whether the pituitary gland can release
growth hormone after stimulation.
3. What is the treatment for hypopituitarism?
A. Daily subcutaneous growth hormone injections
B. Fluid restriction
C. Radioactive iodine
D. Insulin therapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Growth hormone replacement therapy is given through daily
subcutaneous injections, with sites rotated.
4. A child with hyperpituitarism has increased growth hormone secretion.
Which finding is expected?
A. Acromegaly
, B. Short stature
C. Low blood glucose
D. Decreased bone growth
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Excess growth hormone causes enlargement of facial bones, hands, and
feet, known as acromegaly.
5. Precocious puberty is diagnosed when puberty begins before what age?
A. Girls younger than 8 and boys younger than 9
B. Girls younger than 12 only
C. Boys younger than 14 only
D. Any puberty after age 10
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Precocious puberty is early onset of puberty before age 8 in girls and
before age 9 in boys.
6. Which medication is used to treat precocious puberty?
A. GnRH agonist
B. Levothyroxine
C. Digoxin
D. Insulin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: GnRH agonists slow premature puberty progression and may be given
by injection, nasal spray, or implant.
7. Which assessment finding is expected in a child with diabetes insipidus?
A. Hypernatremia and excessive urination
B. Hyponatremia and fluid overload
C. Weight gain and edema
D. Concentrated urine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: DI occurs from decreased ADH, causing inability to retain water,
resulting in polyuria, polydipsia, and hypernatremia.
8. Which urine specific gravity finding is consistent with diabetes insipidus?
Answers & Detailed Rationales
1. A child is diagnosed with hypopituitarism. Which finding should the nurse
expect?
A. Excessive height
B. Growth retardation and short stature
C. Weight loss and heat intolerance
D. Increased muscle mass
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypopituitarism involves decreased growth hormone secretion,
resulting in impaired growth and short stature.
2. Which test is used to diagnose hypopituitarism?
A. GH stimulation testing
B. Urine culture
C. ECG monitoring
D. Liver biopsy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: GH stimulation testing evaluates whether the pituitary gland can release
growth hormone after stimulation.
3. What is the treatment for hypopituitarism?
A. Daily subcutaneous growth hormone injections
B. Fluid restriction
C. Radioactive iodine
D. Insulin therapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Growth hormone replacement therapy is given through daily
subcutaneous injections, with sites rotated.
4. A child with hyperpituitarism has increased growth hormone secretion.
Which finding is expected?
A. Acromegaly
, B. Short stature
C. Low blood glucose
D. Decreased bone growth
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Excess growth hormone causes enlargement of facial bones, hands, and
feet, known as acromegaly.
5. Precocious puberty is diagnosed when puberty begins before what age?
A. Girls younger than 8 and boys younger than 9
B. Girls younger than 12 only
C. Boys younger than 14 only
D. Any puberty after age 10
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Precocious puberty is early onset of puberty before age 8 in girls and
before age 9 in boys.
6. Which medication is used to treat precocious puberty?
A. GnRH agonist
B. Levothyroxine
C. Digoxin
D. Insulin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: GnRH agonists slow premature puberty progression and may be given
by injection, nasal spray, or implant.
7. Which assessment finding is expected in a child with diabetes insipidus?
A. Hypernatremia and excessive urination
B. Hyponatremia and fluid overload
C. Weight gain and edema
D. Concentrated urine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: DI occurs from decreased ADH, causing inability to retain water,
resulting in polyuria, polydipsia, and hypernatremia.
8. Which urine specific gravity finding is consistent with diabetes insipidus?
