Nu 664 Exam 2 neuro Questions with 100%
Correct Answers
Delirium
Abrupt onset (days to weeks); confusion fluctuates throughout day; lasts hours to weeks
Delirium Causes
Cerebral event, organic brain syndrome, distended bladder, constipation, sensory deprivation,
fever, infx-sepsis, glomerulonephritis, CKD, actively dying, polypharm, ADR, serotonin
syndrome,hypoxemia, metabolic, stroke
Delirium s/s
Hallmark is inattention; sleep wake disturbance, memory problems (psychomotor
retardation), agitation, perceptual disturbances and hallucination, lang disturbances
Delirium screening tools
MMSE, MOTYB screening tool, CAM
Delirium tx/prevention
Stabilize the environment; antipsychotics if sedation desired; long term RX- risperidone,
olanzapine for sedation
Avoid illness, alc, dec number of meds, normalize environment, check eyeglass RX and use
hearing aids if needed
Dementia
Slowly vident over months or years; subtle decline and duration months to years
Dementia causes
, AD, lewy body, PD, vascular dementia, motor neuron disease, potentially reversible
conditions: meds, metabolic/endocrine d/o. trauma, infx, nutritional deficiency, poison
Dementia s/s
Subtle short term memory changes
Mod: multi cognitive deficits, failing sense of direction, being repetitive, struggling to adapt
to change
Severe: incontinence, inability to perform ADLs, unable to speak more than 6 intelligible
words in a day, progressive wt loss od 10% of body wt in 6 mos
Dementia screening tools
SLUMS, MoCA, AD8 informant interview, MC-FAQ
MMSE:
24 early dementia
12-24 intermediate dementia
<12 severe dementia
FAST: score of 7- admit to hospice
Clock drawing test
Dementia tx/prevention
Non pharm- behavior management, caregiver intervention programs, cognitive stimulation,
reality orientation therapy, recreational activities
Pharm- cholinesterase inhibitors, antidepressants, antipsychotics
No sure way to prevent; reduce BP, reduce homocysteine and cholesterol levels, control
diabetes, healthy diet, stop smoking, vaccine UTD
Tenson type HA
Correct Answers
Delirium
Abrupt onset (days to weeks); confusion fluctuates throughout day; lasts hours to weeks
Delirium Causes
Cerebral event, organic brain syndrome, distended bladder, constipation, sensory deprivation,
fever, infx-sepsis, glomerulonephritis, CKD, actively dying, polypharm, ADR, serotonin
syndrome,hypoxemia, metabolic, stroke
Delirium s/s
Hallmark is inattention; sleep wake disturbance, memory problems (psychomotor
retardation), agitation, perceptual disturbances and hallucination, lang disturbances
Delirium screening tools
MMSE, MOTYB screening tool, CAM
Delirium tx/prevention
Stabilize the environment; antipsychotics if sedation desired; long term RX- risperidone,
olanzapine for sedation
Avoid illness, alc, dec number of meds, normalize environment, check eyeglass RX and use
hearing aids if needed
Dementia
Slowly vident over months or years; subtle decline and duration months to years
Dementia causes
, AD, lewy body, PD, vascular dementia, motor neuron disease, potentially reversible
conditions: meds, metabolic/endocrine d/o. trauma, infx, nutritional deficiency, poison
Dementia s/s
Subtle short term memory changes
Mod: multi cognitive deficits, failing sense of direction, being repetitive, struggling to adapt
to change
Severe: incontinence, inability to perform ADLs, unable to speak more than 6 intelligible
words in a day, progressive wt loss od 10% of body wt in 6 mos
Dementia screening tools
SLUMS, MoCA, AD8 informant interview, MC-FAQ
MMSE:
24 early dementia
12-24 intermediate dementia
<12 severe dementia
FAST: score of 7- admit to hospice
Clock drawing test
Dementia tx/prevention
Non pharm- behavior management, caregiver intervention programs, cognitive stimulation,
reality orientation therapy, recreational activities
Pharm- cholinesterase inhibitors, antidepressants, antipsychotics
No sure way to prevent; reduce BP, reduce homocysteine and cholesterol levels, control
diabetes, healthy diet, stop smoking, vaccine UTD
Tenson type HA
