NUR 325 EXAM 3 (ASU) NEWEST 2026/ 2027 ACTUAL
EXAM TEST BANK| NUR325 HEALTH AND ILLNESS
CONCEPTS I EXAM 3 REVIEW WITH COMPLETE 300
REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED A+ (MOST RECENT!!)
Which lab values are important to monitor in a patient with
hypovolemia?
a. Electrolytes, BUN, creatinine, hematocrit
b. Blood glucose and platelets
c. Lipid profile and liver function tests
d. Coagulation panel - Correct Answer - a. Electrolytes, BUN,
creatinine, hematocrit
Hypovolemia affects renal function and electrolyte balance. Labs help
assess fluid loss severity and guide IV therapy.
Which of the following are early signs of dehydration in a patient with
hypovolemia?
a. Bounding pulses, edema, and shortness of breath
b. Weight gain, jugular vein distention, and crackles in lungs
c. Bradycardia, hypotension, and cool, clammy skin
d. Dizziness, dry mouth, and decreased urine output - Correct Answer -
d. Dizziness, dry mouth, and decreased urine output
Early signs of dehydration include dizziness, dry mouth, and decreased
urine output due to reduced circulating volume. Bounding pulses,
edema, and lung congestion are signs of hypervolemia. Bradycardia is
pg. 1
,not typical in hypovolemia; hypotension and cool, clammy skin appear
later in severe cases.
A patient with hypovolemia has cool, clammy skin, tachycardia, and
hypotension. Which immediate nursing action is most appropriate?
a. Encourage the patient to sit upright and deep breathe
b. Place the patient in Trendelenburg position and start IV fluids as
prescribed
c. Administer a diuretic to balance electrolytes
d. Restrict oral intake to prevent further fluid loss - Correct Answer - b.
Place the patient in Trendelenburg position and start IV fluids as
prescribed
The Trendelenburg position (head lower than feet) helps improve venous
return and perfusion to vital organs in hypovolemic patients. Starting IV
fluids restores circulating volume. Sitting upright may worsen
hypotension, diuretics are contraindicated, and restricting fluids worsens
hypovolemia.
A client with hypernatremia is receiving hypotonic IV fluids. Which
finding requires immediate intervention?
a. mild headache
b. slightly decreased serum sodium
c. new onset nausea and vomiting
d. increased urine output - Correct Answer - c. new onset nausea and
vomiting
Nausea/vomiting may indicate cerebral edema, a dangerous
complication if sodium is corrected too quickly. This requires rapid
intervention.
pg. 2
,A client with a serum sodium level of 128 mEq/L reports headache and
nausea. Which prescription should the nurse anticipate?
a. Fluid restriction
b. 0.45% normal saline
c. Increase oral water intake
d. Prepare the client for dialysis - Correct Answer - a. Fluid restriction
Dilutional hyponatremia is commonly treated with fluid restriction.
0.45% NS and increased water intake would worsen hyponatremia;
dialysis is not the first-line treatment.
The nurse is teaching a client with hyponatremia related to sodium loss
about dietary modifications. Which meal choice indicates the client
understands the teaching?
a. Grilled chicken with steamed broccoli and unsalted rice
b. Low-sodium soup with mixed fruit
c. Scrambled eggs with cheese and a cup of tomato soup
d. Fresh salad with cucumber, lemon dressing, and water - Correct
Answer - c. Scrambled eggs with cheese and a cup of tomato soup
Clients with hyponatremia caused by sodium loss may require increased
dietary sodium.
Tomato soup and cheese are high in sodium, making this the best choice.
Options a, b, and d are low-sodium meals and would not correct sodium
deficiency.
A client's potassium level is 6.2 mEq/L. Which assessment finding
requires immediate intervention?
a. Peaked T waves on ECG
pg. 3
, b. Muscle weakness
c. Diarrhea
d. Abdominal cramping - Correct Answer - a. Peaked T waves on ECG
Peaked T waves indicate significant cardiac toxicity and risk for lethal
arrhythmias. This is the highest priority.
Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering first to
protect the client's heart during severe hyperkalemia?
a. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate
b. Calcium gluconate
c. Furosemide
d. Regular insulin with glucose - Correct Answer - b. Calcium gluconate
Calcium gluconate stabilizes the cardiac membrane, preventing
arrhythmias. Other treatments lower potassium but do not protect the
heart immediately.
A client reports dizziness, decreased urine output, and fatigue. The nurse
notes BP 90/50, HR 118, weak pulses, and cool skin. Which intervention
should the nurse implement FIRST?
a. Administer IV fluids as prescribed
b. Apply SCDs
c. Encourage deep breathing
d. Place tight compression garments - Correct Answer - a. Administer IV
fluids as prescribed
Symptoms indicate decreased perfusion from low volume; fluids restore
volume and cardiac output. SCDs and compression garments do not treat
pg. 4
EXAM TEST BANK| NUR325 HEALTH AND ILLNESS
CONCEPTS I EXAM 3 REVIEW WITH COMPLETE 300
REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED
ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED A+ (MOST RECENT!!)
Which lab values are important to monitor in a patient with
hypovolemia?
a. Electrolytes, BUN, creatinine, hematocrit
b. Blood glucose and platelets
c. Lipid profile and liver function tests
d. Coagulation panel - Correct Answer - a. Electrolytes, BUN,
creatinine, hematocrit
Hypovolemia affects renal function and electrolyte balance. Labs help
assess fluid loss severity and guide IV therapy.
Which of the following are early signs of dehydration in a patient with
hypovolemia?
a. Bounding pulses, edema, and shortness of breath
b. Weight gain, jugular vein distention, and crackles in lungs
c. Bradycardia, hypotension, and cool, clammy skin
d. Dizziness, dry mouth, and decreased urine output - Correct Answer -
d. Dizziness, dry mouth, and decreased urine output
Early signs of dehydration include dizziness, dry mouth, and decreased
urine output due to reduced circulating volume. Bounding pulses,
edema, and lung congestion are signs of hypervolemia. Bradycardia is
pg. 1
,not typical in hypovolemia; hypotension and cool, clammy skin appear
later in severe cases.
A patient with hypovolemia has cool, clammy skin, tachycardia, and
hypotension. Which immediate nursing action is most appropriate?
a. Encourage the patient to sit upright and deep breathe
b. Place the patient in Trendelenburg position and start IV fluids as
prescribed
c. Administer a diuretic to balance electrolytes
d. Restrict oral intake to prevent further fluid loss - Correct Answer - b.
Place the patient in Trendelenburg position and start IV fluids as
prescribed
The Trendelenburg position (head lower than feet) helps improve venous
return and perfusion to vital organs in hypovolemic patients. Starting IV
fluids restores circulating volume. Sitting upright may worsen
hypotension, diuretics are contraindicated, and restricting fluids worsens
hypovolemia.
A client with hypernatremia is receiving hypotonic IV fluids. Which
finding requires immediate intervention?
a. mild headache
b. slightly decreased serum sodium
c. new onset nausea and vomiting
d. increased urine output - Correct Answer - c. new onset nausea and
vomiting
Nausea/vomiting may indicate cerebral edema, a dangerous
complication if sodium is corrected too quickly. This requires rapid
intervention.
pg. 2
,A client with a serum sodium level of 128 mEq/L reports headache and
nausea. Which prescription should the nurse anticipate?
a. Fluid restriction
b. 0.45% normal saline
c. Increase oral water intake
d. Prepare the client for dialysis - Correct Answer - a. Fluid restriction
Dilutional hyponatremia is commonly treated with fluid restriction.
0.45% NS and increased water intake would worsen hyponatremia;
dialysis is not the first-line treatment.
The nurse is teaching a client with hyponatremia related to sodium loss
about dietary modifications. Which meal choice indicates the client
understands the teaching?
a. Grilled chicken with steamed broccoli and unsalted rice
b. Low-sodium soup with mixed fruit
c. Scrambled eggs with cheese and a cup of tomato soup
d. Fresh salad with cucumber, lemon dressing, and water - Correct
Answer - c. Scrambled eggs with cheese and a cup of tomato soup
Clients with hyponatremia caused by sodium loss may require increased
dietary sodium.
Tomato soup and cheese are high in sodium, making this the best choice.
Options a, b, and d are low-sodium meals and would not correct sodium
deficiency.
A client's potassium level is 6.2 mEq/L. Which assessment finding
requires immediate intervention?
a. Peaked T waves on ECG
pg. 3
, b. Muscle weakness
c. Diarrhea
d. Abdominal cramping - Correct Answer - a. Peaked T waves on ECG
Peaked T waves indicate significant cardiac toxicity and risk for lethal
arrhythmias. This is the highest priority.
Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering first to
protect the client's heart during severe hyperkalemia?
a. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate
b. Calcium gluconate
c. Furosemide
d. Regular insulin with glucose - Correct Answer - b. Calcium gluconate
Calcium gluconate stabilizes the cardiac membrane, preventing
arrhythmias. Other treatments lower potassium but do not protect the
heart immediately.
A client reports dizziness, decreased urine output, and fatigue. The nurse
notes BP 90/50, HR 118, weak pulses, and cool skin. Which intervention
should the nurse implement FIRST?
a. Administer IV fluids as prescribed
b. Apply SCDs
c. Encourage deep breathing
d. Place tight compression garments - Correct Answer - a. Administer IV
fluids as prescribed
Symptoms indicate decreased perfusion from low volume; fluids restore
volume and cardiac output. SCDs and compression garments do not treat
pg. 4
