NSG 522 FINAL UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

NSG 522 FINAL UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS

Question:
Epidemiology is...
Answer:
The study of the distribution and determinants of heath related states or events in
specified populations, and the application of this knowledge to the control of health
problems

Question:
Core Epidemiological Functions
Answer:
1. Surveillance
2. Field investigations
3. Analytic studies
4. Evaluation
5. Linkages
6. Policy

Question:
epidemiological Measurement focuses on:
Answer:
- *Distribution* of health-related states and events
- *Determinants* of health-related states and events

Question:
Two components of epidemiology are
Answer:
- Descriptive
- Analytic

Question:
Descriptive epidemiology studies the _____________________, _____________________, and
_____________________ of health related states and events
Answer:
DISTRIBUTION, FREQUENCY, PATTERN

Question:
Analytic Epidemiology describes the:
Answer:
- Determinants of health-related events
- The 'why'
- The 'cause(s)'

,Question:
The etiology of all diseases is ________________, even with a simple infectious disease
Answer:
multifactorial

Question:
The 'Causal Pie' Model
Answer:
- Causative agent or event
- Characteristics of the person
- Characteristics of the environment
- Presence of preventative factors
- Action of catalysts or additive factors
- Mediating and moderating factors
- Interaction between the factors

Question:
Bradford Hill Criteria for Causation
Answer:
- Strength of association
- Consistency
- Specificity
- Temporal relationship
- Biological gradient
- Plausibility
- Coherence
- Analogy
- Experimental evidence

Question:
Epidemiological Triad or Triangle
Answer:
- a model used to describe the etiology of disease/health events
- agent, host, and environment

Question:
BEINGS Model of Disease Causation
Answer:
B - Biological, Behavioral E - Environmental I - Immunological N - Nutritional G -
Genetic S - Services, Social, Spiritual

Question:
web of causation
Answer:
- epidemiological model used to describe the etiology of chronic disease
- states chronic disease risk factors are common to many conditions

, Question:
Spectrum of Disease
Answer:
- Describes the severity of disease
- Can vary from mild to fatal

Question:
Natural History of Disease
Answer:
Natural history of a disease describes the progression of the disease process over time
in an untreated individual

Question:
stages in the Natural History of Disease
Answer:
- Stage of susceptibility
- Stage of preclinical, subclinical, pre-symptomatic, or latent disease
- Stage of clinical disease
- Stage of recovery, disability, or death

Question:
Stage of Subclinical Disease
Answer:
- Not apparent or asymptomatic
- Pathological changes occur
- Pathology may be detected by screening
- Incubation period for infectious diseases
- Latency for chronic disease

Question:
Stage of Clinical Disease
Answer:
- Onset of symptoms
- Diagnosis usually occurs during this stage

Question:
Stage of Recovery, Disability, or Death
Answer:
- final stage (after clinical disease)
- self explanatory.. hopefully