CNSL 503 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM SCRIPT COMPLETE QUESTIONS VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS
CNSL 503 Questions and Answers Verified Solutions
Latest Update 2026/2027
Question:
Probability cannot be.
Answer:
negative or greater than 1
Question:
Probability is usually reported as a.
Answer:
decimal
Question:
Probability is the same as.
Answer:
proportion
Question:
relative frequency method.
Answer:
repeating observations many times and counting the number of times an outcome occurs
Question:
formula for relative frequency method.
Answer:
,p(A)= (number of times A happened)/(total number of observations)
Question:
statistical significance.
Answer:
when a result is not likely to be from the population (far into extremity/outlier)
Question:
p value.
Answer:
the probability of obtaining the sample statistic observed or more extreme from the original
population
Question:
By convention, if p is less than or equal to 0.05, the result is considered.
Answer:
statistically significant (possible, but unlikely)
Question:
other commonly used cutoffs.
Answer:
p is less than or equal to 0.01 and 0.001
Question:
hypothesis testing.
Answer:
the formal process by which the sample data is used to evaluate a statistical hypothesis
, Question:
statistical hypothesis.
Answer:
a claim about a population
Question:
Hypothesis testing is based on.
Answer:
probability, its not black and white; about making a best guess
Question:
4 steps of hypothesis testing.
Answer:
1. state the hypothesis 2. establish the decision criteria 3. collect data and compute sample statistics
4. make a decision
Question:
2 hypotheses.
Answer:
null and alternative
Question:
null hypothesis H0.
Answer:
states that the treatment has no effect on the unknown population parameter and there is no
relationship between the variables; the unknown population with treatment is the same as the known
population without treatment
SOLUTIONS
CNSL 503 Questions and Answers Verified Solutions
Latest Update 2026/2027
Question:
Probability cannot be.
Answer:
negative or greater than 1
Question:
Probability is usually reported as a.
Answer:
decimal
Question:
Probability is the same as.
Answer:
proportion
Question:
relative frequency method.
Answer:
repeating observations many times and counting the number of times an outcome occurs
Question:
formula for relative frequency method.
Answer:
,p(A)= (number of times A happened)/(total number of observations)
Question:
statistical significance.
Answer:
when a result is not likely to be from the population (far into extremity/outlier)
Question:
p value.
Answer:
the probability of obtaining the sample statistic observed or more extreme from the original
population
Question:
By convention, if p is less than or equal to 0.05, the result is considered.
Answer:
statistically significant (possible, but unlikely)
Question:
other commonly used cutoffs.
Answer:
p is less than or equal to 0.01 and 0.001
Question:
hypothesis testing.
Answer:
the formal process by which the sample data is used to evaluate a statistical hypothesis
, Question:
statistical hypothesis.
Answer:
a claim about a population
Question:
Hypothesis testing is based on.
Answer:
probability, its not black and white; about making a best guess
Question:
4 steps of hypothesis testing.
Answer:
1. state the hypothesis 2. establish the decision criteria 3. collect data and compute sample statistics
4. make a decision
Question:
2 hypotheses.
Answer:
null and alternative
Question:
null hypothesis H0.
Answer:
states that the treatment has no effect on the unknown population parameter and there is no
relationship between the variables; the unknown population with treatment is the same as the known
population without treatment
