FITZGERALD HEALTH EDUCATION
ASSOCIATES| NURSE PRACTITIONER EXIT
EXAM
Block 1: General Anatomy & Physiology (Questions 1-50)
1. Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?
A) Scapula
B) Clavicle
C) Sternum
D) Humerus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The axial skeleton consists of the skull, vertebral column, and
thoracic cage (ribs and sternum). The scapula, clavicle, and humerus are part
of the appendicular skeleton.
2. The primary muscle responsible for inspiration is the:
A) External intercostals
B) Internal intercostals
C) Diaphragm
D) Abdominal muscles
Correct Answer: C
,Rationale: The diaphragm is the primary muscle of inspiration. Its contraction
flattens the floor of the thoracic cavity, increasing volume and decreasing
pressure to draw air in. The external intercostals assist, but are not the
primary muscle.
3. The sinoatrial (SA) node is located in the wall of which heart chamber?
A) Left atrium
B) Right atrium
C) Left ventricle
D) Right ventricle
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The SA node, the heart's natural pacemaker, is located in the upper
wall of the right atrium, near the opening of the superior vena cava.
4. Which cranial nerve is responsible for the sense of smell?
A) Optic (CN II)
B) Oculomotor (CN III)
C) Olfactory (CN I)
D) Trigeminal (CN V)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The olfactory nerve (Cranial Nerve I) is a purely sensory nerve
responsible for transmitting the sense of smell from the nasal cavity to the
brain.
5. The functional unit of the kidney is the:
A) Nephron
B) Glomerulus
,C) Bowman's capsule
D) Renal corpuscle
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney,
responsible for filtering blood and forming urine. The glomerulus and
Bowman's capsule are components of the nephron.
6. Which of the following is a function of the liver?
A) Storage of bile
B) Production of insulin
C) Detoxification of drugs
D) Absorption of water
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The liver plays a key role in metabolizing and detoxifying drugs,
alcohol, and other harmful substances. The gallbladder stores bile; the
pancreas produces insulin; the large intestine absorbs water.
7. The forearm bone located on the medial side (when in anatomical position)
is the:
A) Radius
B) Ulna
C) Humerus
D) Tibia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the anatomical position, the radius is on the lateral (thumb) side,
and the ulna is on the medial (pinky) side of the forearm.
, 8. Which type of neuron carries impulses from the central nervous system to
effectors?
A) Sensory neuron
B) Motor neuron
C) Interneuron
D) Afferent neuron
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Motor neurons (efferent neurons) transmit signals from the CNS to
muscles and glands (effectors). Sensory neurons carry signals to the CNS.
9. The pleural membrane surrounding the lungs is divided into which two
layers?
A) Epicardium and endocardium
B) Parietal and visceral
C) Dura and pia
D) Mucosal and serosal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The pleura is a serous membrane with a parietal layer lining the
thoracic cavity and a visceral layer covering the lungs directly.
10. Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood from the
lungs to the heart?
A) Pulmonary artery
B) Pulmonary vein
C) Aorta
D) Superior vena cava
Correct Answer: B
ASSOCIATES| NURSE PRACTITIONER EXIT
EXAM
Block 1: General Anatomy & Physiology (Questions 1-50)
1. Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?
A) Scapula
B) Clavicle
C) Sternum
D) Humerus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The axial skeleton consists of the skull, vertebral column, and
thoracic cage (ribs and sternum). The scapula, clavicle, and humerus are part
of the appendicular skeleton.
2. The primary muscle responsible for inspiration is the:
A) External intercostals
B) Internal intercostals
C) Diaphragm
D) Abdominal muscles
Correct Answer: C
,Rationale: The diaphragm is the primary muscle of inspiration. Its contraction
flattens the floor of the thoracic cavity, increasing volume and decreasing
pressure to draw air in. The external intercostals assist, but are not the
primary muscle.
3. The sinoatrial (SA) node is located in the wall of which heart chamber?
A) Left atrium
B) Right atrium
C) Left ventricle
D) Right ventricle
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The SA node, the heart's natural pacemaker, is located in the upper
wall of the right atrium, near the opening of the superior vena cava.
4. Which cranial nerve is responsible for the sense of smell?
A) Optic (CN II)
B) Oculomotor (CN III)
C) Olfactory (CN I)
D) Trigeminal (CN V)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The olfactory nerve (Cranial Nerve I) is a purely sensory nerve
responsible for transmitting the sense of smell from the nasal cavity to the
brain.
5. The functional unit of the kidney is the:
A) Nephron
B) Glomerulus
,C) Bowman's capsule
D) Renal corpuscle
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney,
responsible for filtering blood and forming urine. The glomerulus and
Bowman's capsule are components of the nephron.
6. Which of the following is a function of the liver?
A) Storage of bile
B) Production of insulin
C) Detoxification of drugs
D) Absorption of water
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The liver plays a key role in metabolizing and detoxifying drugs,
alcohol, and other harmful substances. The gallbladder stores bile; the
pancreas produces insulin; the large intestine absorbs water.
7. The forearm bone located on the medial side (when in anatomical position)
is the:
A) Radius
B) Ulna
C) Humerus
D) Tibia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the anatomical position, the radius is on the lateral (thumb) side,
and the ulna is on the medial (pinky) side of the forearm.
, 8. Which type of neuron carries impulses from the central nervous system to
effectors?
A) Sensory neuron
B) Motor neuron
C) Interneuron
D) Afferent neuron
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Motor neurons (efferent neurons) transmit signals from the CNS to
muscles and glands (effectors). Sensory neurons carry signals to the CNS.
9. The pleural membrane surrounding the lungs is divided into which two
layers?
A) Epicardium and endocardium
B) Parietal and visceral
C) Dura and pia
D) Mucosal and serosal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The pleura is a serous membrane with a parietal layer lining the
thoracic cavity and a visceral layer covering the lungs directly.
10. Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood from the
lungs to the heart?
A) Pulmonary artery
B) Pulmonary vein
C) Aorta
D) Superior vena cava
Correct Answer: B
