WGU D281 / LPI Linux Essentials (010-160) Practice Exam
|Newest Version Q&A with Explanations (2026) LATEST
UPDATE THIS YEAR – JUST RELEASED.pdf
Exam Breakdown & Core Domains
Topic Domain Key Concepts & Focus Areas
• Difference between Kernel, Shell, and
Distributions
1. Linux OS & Open
Source • Licenses: GPL, MIT, BSD, Apache
• Major distros (Debian/Ubuntu, Red Hat/Fedora,
SUSE)
• Absolute vs. relative paths
2. Command Line &
Navigation
,Topic Domain Key Concepts & Focus Areas
• Shell variables, environment variables (PATH,
HOME, SHELL)
• Shell globbing (*, ?, [])
• Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS): /etc,
/var, /home, /tmp, /root
3. Files & System
• Archiving & Compression (tar, gzip, bzip2,
Structure
xz)
• Hard links vs. Symbolic (soft) links
• User accounts & configuration files
(/etc/passwd, /etc/shadow,
/etc/group)
4. Users, Groups &
Permissions
• Permissions: Read (4), Write (2), Execute (1)
, Topic Domain Key Concepts & Focus Areas
• Commands: chmod, chown, chgrp, umask
• Process commands: ps, top, kill, free
5. Processes, • Network commands: ping, ifconfig, ip,
Networking & netstat
Security
• Package management: apt (Debian/Ubuntu) vs.
dnf/yum (Red Hat)
Q1
Which directory in the Linux Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) contains
host-specific system-wide configuration files?
A) /var
B) /etc
C) /usr
D) /opt
, Correct Answer: B) /etc
Explanation: The /etc directory holds system-wide configuration files and
startup scripts. /var contains variable data (logs, spools), /usr stores user
binaries/libraries, and /opt is for optional add-on software.
Q2
What is the default signal sent by the kill command when no signal option is
explicitly passed?
A) SIGKILL (9)
B) SIGHUP (1)
C) SIGTERM (15)
D) SIGINT (2)
Correct Answer: C) SIGTERM (15)
Explanation: Running kill <PID> sends signal 15 (SIGTERM), allowing the
process to clean up resources before exiting. SIGKILL (9) forces immediate
termination.
Q3
Which open-source license requires derivative works to also be open-source
under the same terms (copyleft)?
A) MIT
B) BSD
C) Apache 2.0
|Newest Version Q&A with Explanations (2026) LATEST
UPDATE THIS YEAR – JUST RELEASED.pdf
Exam Breakdown & Core Domains
Topic Domain Key Concepts & Focus Areas
• Difference between Kernel, Shell, and
Distributions
1. Linux OS & Open
Source • Licenses: GPL, MIT, BSD, Apache
• Major distros (Debian/Ubuntu, Red Hat/Fedora,
SUSE)
• Absolute vs. relative paths
2. Command Line &
Navigation
,Topic Domain Key Concepts & Focus Areas
• Shell variables, environment variables (PATH,
HOME, SHELL)
• Shell globbing (*, ?, [])
• Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS): /etc,
/var, /home, /tmp, /root
3. Files & System
• Archiving & Compression (tar, gzip, bzip2,
Structure
xz)
• Hard links vs. Symbolic (soft) links
• User accounts & configuration files
(/etc/passwd, /etc/shadow,
/etc/group)
4. Users, Groups &
Permissions
• Permissions: Read (4), Write (2), Execute (1)
, Topic Domain Key Concepts & Focus Areas
• Commands: chmod, chown, chgrp, umask
• Process commands: ps, top, kill, free
5. Processes, • Network commands: ping, ifconfig, ip,
Networking & netstat
Security
• Package management: apt (Debian/Ubuntu) vs.
dnf/yum (Red Hat)
Q1
Which directory in the Linux Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) contains
host-specific system-wide configuration files?
A) /var
B) /etc
C) /usr
D) /opt
, Correct Answer: B) /etc
Explanation: The /etc directory holds system-wide configuration files and
startup scripts. /var contains variable data (logs, spools), /usr stores user
binaries/libraries, and /opt is for optional add-on software.
Q2
What is the default signal sent by the kill command when no signal option is
explicitly passed?
A) SIGKILL (9)
B) SIGHUP (1)
C) SIGTERM (15)
D) SIGINT (2)
Correct Answer: C) SIGTERM (15)
Explanation: Running kill <PID> sends signal 15 (SIGTERM), allowing the
process to clean up resources before exiting. SIGKILL (9) forces immediate
termination.
Q3
Which open-source license requires derivative works to also be open-source
under the same terms (copyleft)?
A) MIT
B) BSD
C) Apache 2.0
