Rotator Cuff Muscles
• Supraspinatus = abduction
• Infraspinatus & teres minor =
external rotation
• Subscapularis = internal rotation
ORTHOPAEDICS
Medial epicondylitis (Golfer's
elbow)
• Pain aggravated by wrist
flexion and pronation
• Numbness / tingling in 4th and
5th finger due to ulnar nerve
involvement
Lateral epicondylitis (Tennis
elbow)
• Pain worse on wrist
extension against resistance
and supination
, ACHILLES TENDON DISORDERS
L
Risk factors quinotones (e g. ciprofloxacin)
.
=
hypercholesterolemia
·
Achilles tendinopathy (tendinitis) Achilles tendon rupture
Features Features
• Gradual onset of posterior heel pain • Sport or running; an audible 'pop' in the ankle
• Worse following activity • Sudden onset significant pain in the calf or ankle
• Morning pain and stiffness - common • Inability to walk or continue the sport
• Simmond's triad helps exclude Achilles tendon rupture
Management
• Supportive Management
• Simple analgesia • US = initial imaging choice
• Reduction in precipitating activities • Acute referral to an orthopaedic specialist
• Calf muscle eccentric exercises
• Supraspinatus = abduction
• Infraspinatus & teres minor =
external rotation
• Subscapularis = internal rotation
ORTHOPAEDICS
Medial epicondylitis (Golfer's
elbow)
• Pain aggravated by wrist
flexion and pronation
• Numbness / tingling in 4th and
5th finger due to ulnar nerve
involvement
Lateral epicondylitis (Tennis
elbow)
• Pain worse on wrist
extension against resistance
and supination
, ACHILLES TENDON DISORDERS
L
Risk factors quinotones (e g. ciprofloxacin)
.
=
hypercholesterolemia
·
Achilles tendinopathy (tendinitis) Achilles tendon rupture
Features Features
• Gradual onset of posterior heel pain • Sport or running; an audible 'pop' in the ankle
• Worse following activity • Sudden onset significant pain in the calf or ankle
• Morning pain and stiffness - common • Inability to walk or continue the sport
• Simmond's triad helps exclude Achilles tendon rupture
Management
• Supportive Management
• Simple analgesia • US = initial imaging choice
• Reduction in precipitating activities • Acute referral to an orthopaedic specialist
• Calf muscle eccentric exercises
