PNB 2265 Exam 2 ACTUAL UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
innate immune system a collection of nonspecific barriers and cellular responses that serve as an inborn
first and second line of defense against pathogens
-genetically determined
adaptive immune system a kind of immunity in which antibodies respond to a particular antigen to
differentiate self from non-self
-exposure required
colony stimulating factors stimulate growth and differentiation of immature leukocytes in bone marrow
interleukins proteins that stimulate the growth of B and T lymphocytes
what cells are differentiated in the bone marrow? B cells, NK cells
what cells are differentiated in the thymus? T cells
interferons Antiviral proteins secreted by T cells that help slow the spread of disease
, alpha interferons produced by leukocytes, stimulate NK cells
beta interferons secreted by fibroblasts, slow inflammation
gamma interferons secreted by T and NK cells, stimulate macrophage activity
classical pathway begins when the inactive complement protein c1 binds to antibodies bound to
antigen
alternative pathway begins when the complement protein c3b binds to the surface of a microbe
lectin pathway begins when mannose-binding lectin binds to pathogen surface
membrane attack complex the complex of terminal complement components (c9) that forms a pore in the
membrane of the target cell, damaging the membrane and leading to cell lysis.
complement control proteins diverse group of proteins that inhibit complement activation at various stages and
by different mechanisms
-expressed on the surface of self cells so that they are not lysed during an
immune response
microphages Neutrophils and eosinophils. fight microbes
neutrophils A type of white blood cell that engulfs microbes by phagocytosis
eosinophils A type of white blood cell that fights parasitic infections
granulocytes neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
macrophages Monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. engulf foreign pathogens and
digest dead cells
monocytes Type of white blood cell that is a phagocyte and can differentiate into
macrophages and dendritic cells
innate immune system a collection of nonspecific barriers and cellular responses that serve as an inborn
first and second line of defense against pathogens
-genetically determined
adaptive immune system a kind of immunity in which antibodies respond to a particular antigen to
differentiate self from non-self
-exposure required
colony stimulating factors stimulate growth and differentiation of immature leukocytes in bone marrow
interleukins proteins that stimulate the growth of B and T lymphocytes
what cells are differentiated in the bone marrow? B cells, NK cells
what cells are differentiated in the thymus? T cells
interferons Antiviral proteins secreted by T cells that help slow the spread of disease
, alpha interferons produced by leukocytes, stimulate NK cells
beta interferons secreted by fibroblasts, slow inflammation
gamma interferons secreted by T and NK cells, stimulate macrophage activity
classical pathway begins when the inactive complement protein c1 binds to antibodies bound to
antigen
alternative pathway begins when the complement protein c3b binds to the surface of a microbe
lectin pathway begins when mannose-binding lectin binds to pathogen surface
membrane attack complex the complex of terminal complement components (c9) that forms a pore in the
membrane of the target cell, damaging the membrane and leading to cell lysis.
complement control proteins diverse group of proteins that inhibit complement activation at various stages and
by different mechanisms
-expressed on the surface of self cells so that they are not lysed during an
immune response
microphages Neutrophils and eosinophils. fight microbes
neutrophils A type of white blood cell that engulfs microbes by phagocytosis
eosinophils A type of white blood cell that fights parasitic infections
granulocytes neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
macrophages Monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. engulf foreign pathogens and
digest dead cells
monocytes Type of white blood cell that is a phagocyte and can differentiate into
macrophages and dendritic cells
