Question 1
What is a hormone and how does it act?
ANSWER
Hormones are chemical messengers that are responsible for regulation. They are secreted
into body fluids, mainly blood. It has specific actions on target tissues, which are any tissue
that has specific receptors for that particular hormone.
Question 2
What is a paracrine gland?
ANSWER
a secretion that enters interstitial fluid but affects only neighboring cells
Question 3
What is an autocrine gland?
ANSWER
A secretion that only affects the secreting cell.
Question 4
What is an endocrine gland?
ANSWER
1
,A gland that secretes a substance (a hormone) into the bloodstream and act on target cells
Question 5
What is an exocrine gland?
ANSWER
A ducted gland that produces a secretion onto a body surface.
Question 6
Where is the thymus located?
ANSWER
mediastinum; behind the sternum
Question 7
Where is the pineal gland located?
ANSWER
center of brain
Question 8
Where are the reproductive organs located?
ANSWER
abdomen; pelvic
2
,Question 9
Where is the pituitary gland located?
ANSWER
sella turcica of the sphenoid bone; base of the brain
Question 10
Where are the adrenal glands located?
ANSWER
on top of each kidney
Question 11
Where is the pancreas located?
ANSWER
posterior to the stomach
Question 12
What are the two steroid hormones?
ANSWER
Sex hormones and adrenal cortex hormones; estrogen and testosterone
Question 13
3
, Describe steroid hormones
ANSWER
-diffuse through cell membranes into cytoplasm or nucleus
-combine with a receptor molecule binding to DNA
-promote transcription of mRNA
-mRNA enters cytoplasm directing protein synthesis
Question 14
Describe non-steroid hormones.
ANSWER
Amines, proteins, peptides, and glycoproteins. The endocrine gland secretes nonsteroid
hormones, which body fluid carries hormone to its target cell. Hormone combines with
receptor site on membrane of its target cell, activating G protein. Cellular changes produce
the hormone's effects.
Question 15
How is the anterior pituitary gland different than the posterior pituitary gland?
ANSWER
The anterior pituitary becomes an endocrine gland producing and secreting hormones for
the body and connects to the posterior pituitary when fully formed. Meanwhile, the
posterior pituitary remains connected to the hypothalamus, functioning as a repository for
hormones produced by the hypothalamus and receiving messages from it that regulate
when hormones are to be released to and through the anterior pituitary
Question 16
What regulates pituitary gland secretion?
4
What is a hormone and how does it act?
ANSWER
Hormones are chemical messengers that are responsible for regulation. They are secreted
into body fluids, mainly blood. It has specific actions on target tissues, which are any tissue
that has specific receptors for that particular hormone.
Question 2
What is a paracrine gland?
ANSWER
a secretion that enters interstitial fluid but affects only neighboring cells
Question 3
What is an autocrine gland?
ANSWER
A secretion that only affects the secreting cell.
Question 4
What is an endocrine gland?
ANSWER
1
,A gland that secretes a substance (a hormone) into the bloodstream and act on target cells
Question 5
What is an exocrine gland?
ANSWER
A ducted gland that produces a secretion onto a body surface.
Question 6
Where is the thymus located?
ANSWER
mediastinum; behind the sternum
Question 7
Where is the pineal gland located?
ANSWER
center of brain
Question 8
Where are the reproductive organs located?
ANSWER
abdomen; pelvic
2
,Question 9
Where is the pituitary gland located?
ANSWER
sella turcica of the sphenoid bone; base of the brain
Question 10
Where are the adrenal glands located?
ANSWER
on top of each kidney
Question 11
Where is the pancreas located?
ANSWER
posterior to the stomach
Question 12
What are the two steroid hormones?
ANSWER
Sex hormones and adrenal cortex hormones; estrogen and testosterone
Question 13
3
, Describe steroid hormones
ANSWER
-diffuse through cell membranes into cytoplasm or nucleus
-combine with a receptor molecule binding to DNA
-promote transcription of mRNA
-mRNA enters cytoplasm directing protein synthesis
Question 14
Describe non-steroid hormones.
ANSWER
Amines, proteins, peptides, and glycoproteins. The endocrine gland secretes nonsteroid
hormones, which body fluid carries hormone to its target cell. Hormone combines with
receptor site on membrane of its target cell, activating G protein. Cellular changes produce
the hormone's effects.
Question 15
How is the anterior pituitary gland different than the posterior pituitary gland?
ANSWER
The anterior pituitary becomes an endocrine gland producing and secreting hormones for
the body and connects to the posterior pituitary when fully formed. Meanwhile, the
posterior pituitary remains connected to the hypothalamus, functioning as a repository for
hormones produced by the hypothalamus and receiving messages from it that regulate
when hormones are to be released to and through the anterior pituitary
Question 16
What regulates pituitary gland secretion?
4
