NURS 316 FINAL EXAM LATEST
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 - 2027
At what point is primary hemostasis achieved? - ANSWERS-When the
platelet plus is a temporary repair during platelet adhesion &
aggregation
What is the ultimate goal of the clotting cascade? - ANSWERS-
Converting fibrinogen to fibrin
What is the greatest risk for patients diagnosed with thrombocytopenia?
What precautions will you take in caring for these patients? -
ANSWERS-•Pooling of platelets in the spleen, often leading to portal
hypertension
•Increased bruising & prolonged bleeding following minor trauma
•Spontaneous mucosal, GI & intracranial bleeding may be seen with
platelet counts below 20,000 mm3
Five primary disorders of coagulation: - ANSWERS-1. Liver disease
2. Hemophilia
3. vWF Disease
4. Vitamin K deficiency
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PAGE
1
, NURS 316 FINAL EXAM LATEST
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 - 2027
5. Venous Thromboembolism
aPTT (Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time): - ANSWERS-measures
the intrinsic pathway (associated with heparin)
PT (Prothrombin Time): - ANSWERS-evaluates the extrinsic & final
common pathways
INR (International Normalized Ratio): - ANSWERS-evaluates the
extrinsic pathways
Essential HTN: (Primary) - ANSWERS-o Chronic elevation in BP with
no identifiable etiology
o Accounts for 90-95% of HTN
o Genetic predisposition
o 70-80% of patients have family history
o Goal of treatment: BP< 140/90 & minimizing morbidity & mortality
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PAGE
2
, NURS 316 FINAL EXAM LATEST
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 - 2027
Secondary HTN: - ANSWERS-o Identifiable etiology
o Many factors influencing CO, SVR and BP can be disrupted by
disease processes that impact:
• Volume status
• Adrenergic tone
• Peripheral vascular resistance
o Goal of treatment: treat underlying cause and minimizing morbidity &
mortality
What is the effect (positive or negative) of digoxin (Lanoxin) on the
heart? - ANSWERS--positive inotropic effect (force of contraction)
-negative dromotropic effect (AV node effected and electrical impulses)
-negative chronotropic effect (HR)
What assessments are you sure to take before administering digoxin to
your patient? - ANSWERS-• Apical pulse for a minute and if HR <60:
don't give
• BP
• Monitor serum K+ (normal range 3.5-5.0 milliequivalents)
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PAGE
3
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 - 2027
At what point is primary hemostasis achieved? - ANSWERS-When the
platelet plus is a temporary repair during platelet adhesion &
aggregation
What is the ultimate goal of the clotting cascade? - ANSWERS-
Converting fibrinogen to fibrin
What is the greatest risk for patients diagnosed with thrombocytopenia?
What precautions will you take in caring for these patients? -
ANSWERS-•Pooling of platelets in the spleen, often leading to portal
hypertension
•Increased bruising & prolonged bleeding following minor trauma
•Spontaneous mucosal, GI & intracranial bleeding may be seen with
platelet counts below 20,000 mm3
Five primary disorders of coagulation: - ANSWERS-1. Liver disease
2. Hemophilia
3. vWF Disease
4. Vitamin K deficiency
END OF
PAGE
1
, NURS 316 FINAL EXAM LATEST
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 - 2027
5. Venous Thromboembolism
aPTT (Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time): - ANSWERS-measures
the intrinsic pathway (associated with heparin)
PT (Prothrombin Time): - ANSWERS-evaluates the extrinsic & final
common pathways
INR (International Normalized Ratio): - ANSWERS-evaluates the
extrinsic pathways
Essential HTN: (Primary) - ANSWERS-o Chronic elevation in BP with
no identifiable etiology
o Accounts for 90-95% of HTN
o Genetic predisposition
o 70-80% of patients have family history
o Goal of treatment: BP< 140/90 & minimizing morbidity & mortality
END OF
PAGE
2
, NURS 316 FINAL EXAM LATEST
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026 - 2027
Secondary HTN: - ANSWERS-o Identifiable etiology
o Many factors influencing CO, SVR and BP can be disrupted by
disease processes that impact:
• Volume status
• Adrenergic tone
• Peripheral vascular resistance
o Goal of treatment: treat underlying cause and minimizing morbidity &
mortality
What is the effect (positive or negative) of digoxin (Lanoxin) on the
heart? - ANSWERS--positive inotropic effect (force of contraction)
-negative dromotropic effect (AV node effected and electrical impulses)
-negative chronotropic effect (HR)
What assessments are you sure to take before administering digoxin to
your patient? - ANSWERS-• Apical pulse for a minute and if HR <60:
don't give
• BP
• Monitor serum K+ (normal range 3.5-5.0 milliequivalents)
END OF
PAGE
3
