Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names
Centre Number Candidate Number
Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE
Monday 18 May 2026
Afternoon (Time: 1 hour 30 minutes) Paper
reference 8HI0/2D
History
Advanced Subsidiary
PAPER 2: Depth study
Option 2D.1: The unification of Italy, c1830–70
Option 2D.2: The unification of Germany, c1840–71
You must have: Total Marks
Sources Booklet (enclosed)
Instructions
•• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number.
•• There are two sections in this question paper.
In Section A, answer question part (a) and part (b) on the option for which you
have been prepared.
•• InAnswer
Section B, answer one question on the option for which you have been prepared.
the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
Information
•• The total mark for this paper is 40.
The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over
P80176A
©2026 Pearson Education Ltd.
P:1/1/1/1/1/
*P80176A0120*
, SECTION A
Choose EITHER Option 2D.1 (Question 1) OR Option 2D.2 (Question 2), for which
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
you have been prepared.
Option 2D.1: The unification of Italy, c1830–70
Answer Question 1, parts (a) and (b).
You should start the answer to part (a) on page 4.
You should start the answer to part (b) on page 7.
1 (a) Study Source 1 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
Why is Source 1 valuable to the historian for an enquiry into reasons for the
introduction of anticlerical measures in Piedmont in the 1850s?
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it and your
own knowledge of the historical context.
(8)
AND
(b) Study Source 2 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
How much weight do you give to the evidence of Source 2 for an enquiry into
Britain’s relationship with Piedmont at the time of the Congress of Paris (1856)?
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it and your
own knowledge of the historical context.
(12)
(Total for Question 1 = 20 marks)
2
*P80176A0220*
, Choose EITHER Option 2D.1 (Question 1) OR Option 2D.2 (Question 2), for which
you have been prepared.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
Option 2D.2: The unification of Germany, c1840–71
Answer Question 2, parts (a) and (b).
You should start the answer to part (a) on page 4.
You should start the answer to part (b) on page 7.
2 (a) Study Source 3 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
Why is Source 3 valuable to the historian for an enquiry into the nature of the
membership of the Frankfurt Assembly when it was established in May 1848?
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it and your
own knowledge of the historical context.
(8)
AND
(b) Study Source 4 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
How much weight do you give to the evidence of Source 4 for an enquiry into the
reasons for the final collapse of the Frankfurt Assembly in 1849?
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it and your
own knowledge of the historical context.
(12)
(Total for Question 2 = 20 marks)
3
*P80176A0320* Turn over
Candidate surname Other names
Centre Number Candidate Number
Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE
Monday 18 May 2026
Afternoon (Time: 1 hour 30 minutes) Paper
reference 8HI0/2D
History
Advanced Subsidiary
PAPER 2: Depth study
Option 2D.1: The unification of Italy, c1830–70
Option 2D.2: The unification of Germany, c1840–71
You must have: Total Marks
Sources Booklet (enclosed)
Instructions
•• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number.
•• There are two sections in this question paper.
In Section A, answer question part (a) and part (b) on the option for which you
have been prepared.
•• InAnswer
Section B, answer one question on the option for which you have been prepared.
the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
Information
•• The total mark for this paper is 40.
The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
•• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over
P80176A
©2026 Pearson Education Ltd.
P:1/1/1/1/1/
*P80176A0120*
, SECTION A
Choose EITHER Option 2D.1 (Question 1) OR Option 2D.2 (Question 2), for which
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
you have been prepared.
Option 2D.1: The unification of Italy, c1830–70
Answer Question 1, parts (a) and (b).
You should start the answer to part (a) on page 4.
You should start the answer to part (b) on page 7.
1 (a) Study Source 1 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
Why is Source 1 valuable to the historian for an enquiry into reasons for the
introduction of anticlerical measures in Piedmont in the 1850s?
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it and your
own knowledge of the historical context.
(8)
AND
(b) Study Source 2 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
How much weight do you give to the evidence of Source 2 for an enquiry into
Britain’s relationship with Piedmont at the time of the Congress of Paris (1856)?
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it and your
own knowledge of the historical context.
(12)
(Total for Question 1 = 20 marks)
2
*P80176A0220*
, Choose EITHER Option 2D.1 (Question 1) OR Option 2D.2 (Question 2), for which
you have been prepared.
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
Option 2D.2: The unification of Germany, c1840–71
Answer Question 2, parts (a) and (b).
You should start the answer to part (a) on page 4.
You should start the answer to part (b) on page 7.
2 (a) Study Source 3 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
Why is Source 3 valuable to the historian for an enquiry into the nature of the
membership of the Frankfurt Assembly when it was established in May 1848?
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it and your
own knowledge of the historical context.
(8)
AND
(b) Study Source 4 in the Sources Booklet before you answer this question.
How much weight do you give to the evidence of Source 4 for an enquiry into the
reasons for the final collapse of the Frankfurt Assembly in 1849?
Explain your answer using the source, the information given about it and your
own knowledge of the historical context.
(12)
(Total for Question 2 = 20 marks)
3
*P80176A0320* Turn over
