PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1
Rasmussen
2025-2026
Final Exam Questions with
Verified Answers | Grade A+ |
New Version
,drugs that produce a response agonist
drugs that prevent or block a response antagonist
What is the therapuetic window? level of the drug between minimal effective concentration in the plasma for obtaining
desired drug response and the minimal toxic concentration
What is half life? The time it takes for one half of the drug concentration to be eliminated from the
body is
If a drug has a long half life, how often should it be taken? once per day
What is a patient on two highly protein bound drugs at risk accumulation and toxicity
for?
What is tolerance? a decreased responsiveness over the course of therapy, which may lead to the
need to increase dosages to attain the same effect
What makes drugs fit into the same "Class" -related by chemical structure
-work in the same way
-used for the same purpose
Before administering beta blockers, you should check what Heart rate
two vital signs? Blood pressure
Who would you not give a beta blocker to? Why? Asthmatic; bronchospasm
What kind of drug is metoclopramide (Reglan) cholinergic
Cholinergics do what to the body? (SLUD) Salivation
Lacrimation
Urination
Defecation
Anticholinergics do what to the body Can't see, Can't spit, Can't pee, Can't shit
Symptoms of cholinergic crisis Flushing, Sweating, Nausea, Abdominal cramps
What drug would you give to treat cholinergic crisis? atropine
, Anticholinergics are contraindicated in which clients? -coronary artery disease (Increase heart rate)
-GI obstruction (constipates)
-supraventricular tachycardia (increased heart rate)
CNS stimulants are contraindicated in which clients? -coronary artery disease (cause vasoconstriction=heart attack)
-Hypertension (additive hypertension=stroke)
Most common side effects of methylphenidate (Ritalin) -irritability
-insomnia
-weight loss
-decreased appetite
Signs of hemorrhagic stroke -increased B/P
-increased heart rate
-increased respiratory rate
-unresponsive to deep pain
Benzodiazepines increase the activity of which GABA
neurotransmitter
Reversal agent of benzodiazepines Flumazenil
zolpidem (Ambien) side effects -sedative/hypnotic (nonbenzodiazepine)
-suicidal ideation
-dependence
-abnormal behavior
What is the drug of choice for treating status epilepticus diazepam
phenytoin (Dilantin) side effects GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA
-treat seizures
-cause high blood sugar
-cause birth defects
-decrease effectiveness of anticoagulants
When a client is on phenytoin (Dilantin) what are some -monitor for narrow therapeutic index (frequent blood test)
nursing interventions -take as prescribed
-oral care
-teach pt to use barrier contraceptives along with oral
What is the therapeutic range for phenytoin (Dilantin) 10-20 ug/mL
What does valproic acid (Depakote) treat? seizures, mania associated with bipolar, migraines
Side effects of valproic acid (Depakote) Can cause hepatotoxicity
What is valproic acid (Depakote)'s therapeutic range 50-125 ug/mL
Rasmussen
2025-2026
Final Exam Questions with
Verified Answers | Grade A+ |
New Version
,drugs that produce a response agonist
drugs that prevent or block a response antagonist
What is the therapuetic window? level of the drug between minimal effective concentration in the plasma for obtaining
desired drug response and the minimal toxic concentration
What is half life? The time it takes for one half of the drug concentration to be eliminated from the
body is
If a drug has a long half life, how often should it be taken? once per day
What is a patient on two highly protein bound drugs at risk accumulation and toxicity
for?
What is tolerance? a decreased responsiveness over the course of therapy, which may lead to the
need to increase dosages to attain the same effect
What makes drugs fit into the same "Class" -related by chemical structure
-work in the same way
-used for the same purpose
Before administering beta blockers, you should check what Heart rate
two vital signs? Blood pressure
Who would you not give a beta blocker to? Why? Asthmatic; bronchospasm
What kind of drug is metoclopramide (Reglan) cholinergic
Cholinergics do what to the body? (SLUD) Salivation
Lacrimation
Urination
Defecation
Anticholinergics do what to the body Can't see, Can't spit, Can't pee, Can't shit
Symptoms of cholinergic crisis Flushing, Sweating, Nausea, Abdominal cramps
What drug would you give to treat cholinergic crisis? atropine
, Anticholinergics are contraindicated in which clients? -coronary artery disease (Increase heart rate)
-GI obstruction (constipates)
-supraventricular tachycardia (increased heart rate)
CNS stimulants are contraindicated in which clients? -coronary artery disease (cause vasoconstriction=heart attack)
-Hypertension (additive hypertension=stroke)
Most common side effects of methylphenidate (Ritalin) -irritability
-insomnia
-weight loss
-decreased appetite
Signs of hemorrhagic stroke -increased B/P
-increased heart rate
-increased respiratory rate
-unresponsive to deep pain
Benzodiazepines increase the activity of which GABA
neurotransmitter
Reversal agent of benzodiazepines Flumazenil
zolpidem (Ambien) side effects -sedative/hypnotic (nonbenzodiazepine)
-suicidal ideation
-dependence
-abnormal behavior
What is the drug of choice for treating status epilepticus diazepam
phenytoin (Dilantin) side effects GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA
-treat seizures
-cause high blood sugar
-cause birth defects
-decrease effectiveness of anticoagulants
When a client is on phenytoin (Dilantin) what are some -monitor for narrow therapeutic index (frequent blood test)
nursing interventions -take as prescribed
-oral care
-teach pt to use barrier contraceptives along with oral
What is the therapeutic range for phenytoin (Dilantin) 10-20 ug/mL
What does valproic acid (Depakote) treat? seizures, mania associated with bipolar, migraines
Side effects of valproic acid (Depakote) Can cause hepatotoxicity
What is valproic acid (Depakote)'s therapeutic range 50-125 ug/mL
