NR-607 FINAL EXAM 2026 UPDATE QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW VISION)
How would you treat dystonia? - ANS-1.) Management may include discontinuing or
reducing the antipsychotic dose or switching to an alternative antipsychotic. 2.)
Antimuscarinic agents or BENADRYL may help quickly relieve dystonia within
minutes (D'Souza & Hooten, 2021).
Tremor, rigidity, and slowed motor function in the trunk and extremities
Presents with a mask-like face, stooped posture, and slow, shuffling gait. What EPS
symptom is this? - ANS-Drug-induced Parkinsonism
how would you treat drug induced parkinsonism? - ANS-1.) Management may include
discontinuing
2.) reducing the antipsychotic dose
3.) switching to an alternative antipsychotic
4.) administering anti-Parkinson agents including amantadine, antimuscarinic
agents, dopamine agonists, and levodopa (D'Souza & Hooten, 2021).
Involuntary muscle movements most commonly affecting the oro-facial and tongue
muscles, and less commonly, the muscles in the trunk and extremities. Which EPS
symptom is this? - ANS-Tardive dyskinesia
How would you treat T.D.? - ANS-1.) Management may include discontinuing
2.) reducing the antipsychotic dose
3.) switching to an alternative antipsychotic.
4.) Valbenazine (Ingrezza) is Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for
the treatment of tardive dyskinesia
What medication is FDA approved to treat T.D? - ANS-Valbenazine!!! Ingrezza
Use of antipsychotic medications, especially second-generation antipsychotics,
is associated with weight gain, lipid disturbance, and glucose dysregulation,
contributing to the development of metabolic syndrome in approximately one-
third of clients with schizophrenia (Pillinger et al., 2020). Clozapine and
olanzapine are associated with the greatest degree of metabolic dysregulation,
while male sex and non-white ethnicity are associated with greater vulnerability
to metabolic effects (Pillinger et al., 2020). Weight gain associated with
antipsychotic use contributes to morbidity and reduced quality of life and can
contribute to treatment nonadherence.
,What two antipsychotics are will put patients at the highest risk for metabolic
dysregulation? - ANS-Olanzapine
Clozapine
What two medications have recently been approved by the FDA to treat schizophrenia
and reduce the risk for metabolic comorbidities? - ANS-Lumateperone modulates
serotonin, dopamine, and glutamine neurotransmission. In clinical trials, the
medication significantly improved symptoms of schizophrenia without causing
weight gain, dyslipidemia, diabetes, or cardiovascular disease
Olanzapine-samidorphan is a combination medication.
The addition of samidorphan, an opioid receptor blocker, mitigates weight gain
commonly seen in clients taking olanzapine (Srisurapanont et al., 2021). The
combination medication does not impact other metabolic adverse effects.
What two medications have recently been approved by the FDA to treat schizophrenia
and reduce the risk for metabolic comorbidities? - ANS-Lumateperone (Caplyta)
Olanzapine-samidorphan
Name some reasons as to why schizophrenia medication treatment is usually
unsuccessful? side - ANS-adverse effects
sexual dysfunction
metabolic concerns
treatment non-adherence
What is the classification for treatment resistant schizophrenia? - ANS-Treatment-
resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is defined as ACTIVE, PERSISTENT symptoms that
impair functioning for OVER THREE MONTHS after at least SIX WEEKS of
appropriate medication therapy with TWO different antipsychotic medications.
TRS may not be diagnosed until treatment adherence has been confirmed.
Name some advantages of long acting injectable antipsychotics. - ANS-1.) LAIs can
improve client outcomes
2.) reduce the number of hospitalizations and emergency department visits
3.) reduce healthcare costs for clients with schizophrenia , as clients do not have
to remember to take daily medication.
4.) Typically, LAIs provide a more stable drug plasma level.
What are some of the barriers that patients could experience with taking long acting
injectables? - ANS-1.) Logistical issues
2.) including the cost of treatment
3.) availability of staff to provide injections,
, 4.) client perception of LAI
5.) client aversion to needles
After the initial injection of aripiprazole lauroxil, the client should continue to take oral
medication for _______ days and then discontinue. - ANS-14!!!!
Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS)
0=None
1=Minimal, may be extreme normal
2=Mild
3=Moderate
4-Severe - ANS-
What is the criteria to officially diagnose a patient with treatment resistant depression? -
ANS-TWO OR MORE unsuccessful trials of antidepressant pharmacotherapy
what are some natural supplements that can aid with treatment resistant depression? -
ANS-Omega-3 fatty acids and L-methylfolate are adjunctive treatments that may
improve symptoms in clients with TRD (Hoepner et al., 2021). Omega-3 fatty acids
are thought to treat depression by decreasing chronic inflammation.
L-methylfolate is an active form of folate that crosses the blood-brain barrier and
reduces inflammation, reduces loss in gray matter, and helps regulate serotonin,
dopamine, and norepinephrine. Other agents associated with improvement in
depressant symptoms include zinc, magnesium, and coenzyme Q10
_______ is a procedure that applies electrical stimulation to the brain through
transdermal electrodes attached to the head to trigger seizure activity. Clients are
sedated under general anesthesia and given a muscle relaxant during the procedure. It
is typically limited to clients with TRD, including those with elevated suicide risk, or
clients with catatonia, psychosis, bipolar disorder, or dementia that have not responded
to typical treatment (Ronnqvist et al., 2021). Clients typically receive the procedure 2-3
times per week for 3-4 weeks. Although it is often effective, drawbacks include the need
for general anesthesia and associated monitoring and potential cognitive adverse
effects including retrograde amnesia and memory loss. Up to 50% of clients receiving it
for TRD do not maintain remission - ANS-electroconvulsive therapy!
ECT!
DEEP BRAIN SIMULATION is a surgical procedure initially used to treat clients with
movement disorders. It is now an emerging treatment modality for clients who have
depression unresponsive to pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, or electroconvulsive
therapy (Delaloye & Holzheimer, 2022). Electrodes are surgically placed in specific
regions of the brain and connected to an implanted subcutaneous pulse generator.
Once the device is activated, it provides continuous electrical stimulation to the
specified areas of the brain, most commonly the subcallosal cingulate white matter.
Adverse effects are typically related to the surgery and include infection, headache,
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY
GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW VISION)
How would you treat dystonia? - ANS-1.) Management may include discontinuing or
reducing the antipsychotic dose or switching to an alternative antipsychotic. 2.)
Antimuscarinic agents or BENADRYL may help quickly relieve dystonia within
minutes (D'Souza & Hooten, 2021).
Tremor, rigidity, and slowed motor function in the trunk and extremities
Presents with a mask-like face, stooped posture, and slow, shuffling gait. What EPS
symptom is this? - ANS-Drug-induced Parkinsonism
how would you treat drug induced parkinsonism? - ANS-1.) Management may include
discontinuing
2.) reducing the antipsychotic dose
3.) switching to an alternative antipsychotic
4.) administering anti-Parkinson agents including amantadine, antimuscarinic
agents, dopamine agonists, and levodopa (D'Souza & Hooten, 2021).
Involuntary muscle movements most commonly affecting the oro-facial and tongue
muscles, and less commonly, the muscles in the trunk and extremities. Which EPS
symptom is this? - ANS-Tardive dyskinesia
How would you treat T.D.? - ANS-1.) Management may include discontinuing
2.) reducing the antipsychotic dose
3.) switching to an alternative antipsychotic.
4.) Valbenazine (Ingrezza) is Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for
the treatment of tardive dyskinesia
What medication is FDA approved to treat T.D? - ANS-Valbenazine!!! Ingrezza
Use of antipsychotic medications, especially second-generation antipsychotics,
is associated with weight gain, lipid disturbance, and glucose dysregulation,
contributing to the development of metabolic syndrome in approximately one-
third of clients with schizophrenia (Pillinger et al., 2020). Clozapine and
olanzapine are associated with the greatest degree of metabolic dysregulation,
while male sex and non-white ethnicity are associated with greater vulnerability
to metabolic effects (Pillinger et al., 2020). Weight gain associated with
antipsychotic use contributes to morbidity and reduced quality of life and can
contribute to treatment nonadherence.
,What two antipsychotics are will put patients at the highest risk for metabolic
dysregulation? - ANS-Olanzapine
Clozapine
What two medications have recently been approved by the FDA to treat schizophrenia
and reduce the risk for metabolic comorbidities? - ANS-Lumateperone modulates
serotonin, dopamine, and glutamine neurotransmission. In clinical trials, the
medication significantly improved symptoms of schizophrenia without causing
weight gain, dyslipidemia, diabetes, or cardiovascular disease
Olanzapine-samidorphan is a combination medication.
The addition of samidorphan, an opioid receptor blocker, mitigates weight gain
commonly seen in clients taking olanzapine (Srisurapanont et al., 2021). The
combination medication does not impact other metabolic adverse effects.
What two medications have recently been approved by the FDA to treat schizophrenia
and reduce the risk for metabolic comorbidities? - ANS-Lumateperone (Caplyta)
Olanzapine-samidorphan
Name some reasons as to why schizophrenia medication treatment is usually
unsuccessful? side - ANS-adverse effects
sexual dysfunction
metabolic concerns
treatment non-adherence
What is the classification for treatment resistant schizophrenia? - ANS-Treatment-
resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is defined as ACTIVE, PERSISTENT symptoms that
impair functioning for OVER THREE MONTHS after at least SIX WEEKS of
appropriate medication therapy with TWO different antipsychotic medications.
TRS may not be diagnosed until treatment adherence has been confirmed.
Name some advantages of long acting injectable antipsychotics. - ANS-1.) LAIs can
improve client outcomes
2.) reduce the number of hospitalizations and emergency department visits
3.) reduce healthcare costs for clients with schizophrenia , as clients do not have
to remember to take daily medication.
4.) Typically, LAIs provide a more stable drug plasma level.
What are some of the barriers that patients could experience with taking long acting
injectables? - ANS-1.) Logistical issues
2.) including the cost of treatment
3.) availability of staff to provide injections,
, 4.) client perception of LAI
5.) client aversion to needles
After the initial injection of aripiprazole lauroxil, the client should continue to take oral
medication for _______ days and then discontinue. - ANS-14!!!!
Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS)
0=None
1=Minimal, may be extreme normal
2=Mild
3=Moderate
4-Severe - ANS-
What is the criteria to officially diagnose a patient with treatment resistant depression? -
ANS-TWO OR MORE unsuccessful trials of antidepressant pharmacotherapy
what are some natural supplements that can aid with treatment resistant depression? -
ANS-Omega-3 fatty acids and L-methylfolate are adjunctive treatments that may
improve symptoms in clients with TRD (Hoepner et al., 2021). Omega-3 fatty acids
are thought to treat depression by decreasing chronic inflammation.
L-methylfolate is an active form of folate that crosses the blood-brain barrier and
reduces inflammation, reduces loss in gray matter, and helps regulate serotonin,
dopamine, and norepinephrine. Other agents associated with improvement in
depressant symptoms include zinc, magnesium, and coenzyme Q10
_______ is a procedure that applies electrical stimulation to the brain through
transdermal electrodes attached to the head to trigger seizure activity. Clients are
sedated under general anesthesia and given a muscle relaxant during the procedure. It
is typically limited to clients with TRD, including those with elevated suicide risk, or
clients with catatonia, psychosis, bipolar disorder, or dementia that have not responded
to typical treatment (Ronnqvist et al., 2021). Clients typically receive the procedure 2-3
times per week for 3-4 weeks. Although it is often effective, drawbacks include the need
for general anesthesia and associated monitoring and potential cognitive adverse
effects including retrograde amnesia and memory loss. Up to 50% of clients receiving it
for TRD do not maintain remission - ANS-electroconvulsive therapy!
ECT!
DEEP BRAIN SIMULATION is a surgical procedure initially used to treat clients with
movement disorders. It is now an emerging treatment modality for clients who have
depression unresponsive to pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, or electroconvulsive
therapy (Delaloye & Holzheimer, 2022). Electrodes are surgically placed in specific
regions of the brain and connected to an implanted subcutaneous pulse generator.
Once the device is activated, it provides continuous electrical stimulation to the
specified areas of the brain, most commonly the subcallosal cingulate white matter.
Adverse effects are typically related to the surgery and include infection, headache,
