NURS 307 Exam 4 Study Guide 2026–2027 | High-Yield
Review | Latest Update | Graded A+
1. If a pediatric patient presents with hypercalcemia and dehydration, what initial
treatment steps should be taken?
Limit fluid intake to avoid further complications.
Prescribe vitamin D to enhance calcium absorption.
Administer intravenous fluids to rehydrate and promote calcium
excretion.
Start a high-calcium diet to counteract the effects.
2. If a pediatrician recommends starting rice cereal at 5 months, how should
parents incorporate it into their infant's diet?
Introduce rice cereal once a day, mixed with breast milk or formula.
Only offer rice cereal on weekends.
Give rice cereal three times a day immediately.
Start with rice cereal at 2 months instead.
3. From the list below, choose the drug used to treat inflammatory bowel
disease:
Metformin (Glucophage)
Famotidine (Pepcid)
Prochlorpromazine (Compazine)
Sulfasalazine (Azulfadine)
4. A child is admitted to the emergency department due to suspected ruptured
appendicitis with perforation. What would be the priority nursing assessment
, for this client?
Assess for an increase in temperature.
Check for rebound tenderness at McBurney's point.
Monitor for increasing pain and rigidity of the abdomen.
Monitor for the Rovsing sign.
5. If an adolescent is not meeting their nutritional needs, what potential health
issues could arise?
Growth delays and increased risk of nutritional deficiencies.
No impact on health.
Increased energy levels and better concentration.
Improved athletic performance and enhanced immune function.
6. What is a common nursing intervention for managing constipation in
pediatric patients?
Providing high-sugar snacks
Restricting fiber intake
Increasing fluid intake
Administering antibiotics
7. A pediatric patient presents with symptoms of hypomagnesemia. What
dietary changes would you recommend to support magnesium levels in their
nutrition?
Increase intake of magnesium-rich foods such as nuts, seeds, and
green leafy vegetables.
Focus solely on calcium-rich foods without considering magnesium.
, Reduce all food intake to manage symptoms.
Increase intake of processed foods high in sugar.
8. What is the primary cause of hypernatremia in children?
Dehydration
Overhydration
Excessive sodium intake
Malnutrition
9. Which of the following is a primary consideration in fluid and electrolyte
imbalance in pediatric patients?
Metabolic rate is three times slower than the adult, which increases
water requirements greatly.
The younger the child, the greater the risk of fluid and electrolyte
imbalance, fluid overload, and congestive heart failure.
A young child has smaller body surface in relation to weight, resulting
in greater fluid loss than in adults.
Pediatric patients have mature homeostatic-regulating mechanisms.
10. If a pediatric patient presents with hypernatremia due to inadequate fluid
intake, what would be the most appropriate initial treatment strategy?
Restriction of all fluids for 24 hours.
Increase in dietary sodium intake.
Gradual rehydration with oral or intravenous fluids.
Immediate administration of sodium chloride.
, 11. Which of the following is a common nutritional concern in young children
today?
Not enough iron from meats and green vegetables
Not enough calcium
Too much sugar
All of the above
12. What is the IV infusion rate for a 5 y/o that is hypovolemic due to blunt
trauma? The child weighs 18 kg. How much fluid should be given in the initial
bolus?
180 mL
1080 mL
360 mL
500 mL
13. How does the nutritional needs of school-age children differ from those of
infants?
Infants and school-age children have identical nutritional needs.
School-age children need only milk and fruits.
School-age children should avoid all fats.
School-age children require more diverse foods and higher caloric
intake for growth and activity.
14. If a new mother is struggling with breastfeeding, which nursing strategy
would be most effective in addressing her concerns?
Encouraging her to breastfeed in public without support.
Review | Latest Update | Graded A+
1. If a pediatric patient presents with hypercalcemia and dehydration, what initial
treatment steps should be taken?
Limit fluid intake to avoid further complications.
Prescribe vitamin D to enhance calcium absorption.
Administer intravenous fluids to rehydrate and promote calcium
excretion.
Start a high-calcium diet to counteract the effects.
2. If a pediatrician recommends starting rice cereal at 5 months, how should
parents incorporate it into their infant's diet?
Introduce rice cereal once a day, mixed with breast milk or formula.
Only offer rice cereal on weekends.
Give rice cereal three times a day immediately.
Start with rice cereal at 2 months instead.
3. From the list below, choose the drug used to treat inflammatory bowel
disease:
Metformin (Glucophage)
Famotidine (Pepcid)
Prochlorpromazine (Compazine)
Sulfasalazine (Azulfadine)
4. A child is admitted to the emergency department due to suspected ruptured
appendicitis with perforation. What would be the priority nursing assessment
, for this client?
Assess for an increase in temperature.
Check for rebound tenderness at McBurney's point.
Monitor for increasing pain and rigidity of the abdomen.
Monitor for the Rovsing sign.
5. If an adolescent is not meeting their nutritional needs, what potential health
issues could arise?
Growth delays and increased risk of nutritional deficiencies.
No impact on health.
Increased energy levels and better concentration.
Improved athletic performance and enhanced immune function.
6. What is a common nursing intervention for managing constipation in
pediatric patients?
Providing high-sugar snacks
Restricting fiber intake
Increasing fluid intake
Administering antibiotics
7. A pediatric patient presents with symptoms of hypomagnesemia. What
dietary changes would you recommend to support magnesium levels in their
nutrition?
Increase intake of magnesium-rich foods such as nuts, seeds, and
green leafy vegetables.
Focus solely on calcium-rich foods without considering magnesium.
, Reduce all food intake to manage symptoms.
Increase intake of processed foods high in sugar.
8. What is the primary cause of hypernatremia in children?
Dehydration
Overhydration
Excessive sodium intake
Malnutrition
9. Which of the following is a primary consideration in fluid and electrolyte
imbalance in pediatric patients?
Metabolic rate is three times slower than the adult, which increases
water requirements greatly.
The younger the child, the greater the risk of fluid and electrolyte
imbalance, fluid overload, and congestive heart failure.
A young child has smaller body surface in relation to weight, resulting
in greater fluid loss than in adults.
Pediatric patients have mature homeostatic-regulating mechanisms.
10. If a pediatric patient presents with hypernatremia due to inadequate fluid
intake, what would be the most appropriate initial treatment strategy?
Restriction of all fluids for 24 hours.
Increase in dietary sodium intake.
Gradual rehydration with oral or intravenous fluids.
Immediate administration of sodium chloride.
, 11. Which of the following is a common nutritional concern in young children
today?
Not enough iron from meats and green vegetables
Not enough calcium
Too much sugar
All of the above
12. What is the IV infusion rate for a 5 y/o that is hypovolemic due to blunt
trauma? The child weighs 18 kg. How much fluid should be given in the initial
bolus?
180 mL
1080 mL
360 mL
500 mL
13. How does the nutritional needs of school-age children differ from those of
infants?
Infants and school-age children have identical nutritional needs.
School-age children need only milk and fruits.
School-age children should avoid all fats.
School-age children require more diverse foods and higher caloric
intake for growth and activity.
14. If a new mother is struggling with breastfeeding, which nursing strategy
would be most effective in addressing her concerns?
Encouraging her to breastfeed in public without support.
