CADS 1600 EXAM 1 VERIFIED STUDY GUIDE
Textile Industry (What jobs and items are included?) - Answers - •Fibers, yarns, fabrics
•Findings
•Converters
•Wholesale reps who sell findings to apparel producers
Findings - Answers - Zippers, buttons, interfacings
Converters - Answers - Dye, print, finish fabrics
Apparel Industry (What jobs and items are included?) - Answers - •Apparel designers
•Apparel manufacturers-cut and sew fabric to make clothing
• Apparel wholesale reps who sell to retailers
• Apparel retailers (department stores, specialty stores, boutiques, chain stores,
discount stores, catalog, factory outlets, Internet retailers)
Common Names for the Industry - Answers - •Textile Industry
•Fashion Industry
•Apparel Industry
•Garment Industry
•Retail Industry
4 natural fibers we went over - Answers - •Cotton ) Production grew after
•Wool ) revolutionary war/
•Flax (Linen) ) independence
•Silk
What are natural fibers? - Answers - Substances produced by plants and animals that
can be spun into filament, thread or rope and further be woven, knitted, matted or
bound.
•Cotton
•Wool
•Flax
•Silk
Tariff - Answers - A tax on imported goods (Ex: from England)
•to encourage production of cotton, wool, & flax
Import - Answers - Goods purchased from other countries
Export - Answers - Goods sold to other countries
Embargo - Answers - Prohibition on exports or imports (Ex: cigars from Cuba)
,Fabrics made after WWII - Answers - •Nylon-mimics Silk-made completely from
chemicals
•Rayon-made from wood pulp
•Polyester-made from oil
Brought plans for cotton mill to America - Answers - Samuel Slater
Patented cotton gin - Answers - Eli Whitney
Cotton gin - Answers - Engine that cleans cotton
Expansion of U.S. textile industry - Answers - •more jobs = more supply = more demand
•increased long days, and labor conditions (but better than England's), & female
employment
Spinning - Answers - The process of converting fibers into yarn
Weaving - Answers - The process of interlacing long threads passing in one direction
with others at a right angle to them (taking yarn and making fabric)
Ready to Wear (RTW) - Answers - Made for the general market and sold through stores
rather than made to order for an individual customer.
•Demand for basic clothing began to grow (sailors, miners, slaves, middle class)
•Developed for men first (bc easier sizing standards, less complicated) and women last
Made it possible to create clothing quickly - Answers - Sewing machine
Power loom - Answers - Machine that weaves the spun yarns into fabric (originally
water powered)
•Vertical integration
•Brought the advancement of RTW
Vertical Integration - Answers - All processes being completed under 1 roof ~ from
spinning to the finished cloth
Who invented the power loom? - Answers - Francis Cabot
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) - Answers - Refers to business practices that
contribute positively to society
Isaac Singer patented the sewing machine for what? - Answers - Factory use
RTW for women - Answers - Limited ready made items for women in the 1850s
•1st: Outerwear (capes, cloaks, coats) easier
•2nd: Undergarments (corsets) hidden
, •3rd: Skirts and shirtwaists (blouses)
The shirtwaist (blouse) - Answers - •Beginning of RTW separates for women
•Showed that women's roles were changing
•Changed from a craft industry to a factory industry
Paper patterns - Answers - Templates from which parts of the garment are traced and
then cut
(Butterick & McCall are known for their patterns)
Distribution of RTW - Answers - •Brooks Brother opened in NYC
•Dry Goods (Massachusetts) opened, led to modern department stores (Lord & Taylor
in NYC, Macy's)
•Catalogs distributed to rural areas (Sears, Roabuck & Co.)
Gibson Girl - Answers - •Created by Charles Gibson
•1st popular image of American Women
•Feminine ideal of beauty
•Old American ideal = fragile woman
•New American ideal = slender + voluptuous
What fabric is referred to as artificial silk? - Answers - Rayon
Rayon - Answers - •Fabric made from wood pulp
•1st man made fabric
•less expensive than cotton and wool
Nylon - Answers - Made from chemicals
-stockings=1st clothing made from it
-1st synthetic fabric
Production for RTW - Answers - •Grew quickly
•Motorized cutting knives
•Pressing/ironing equipment
•Paper patterns
•began dying fabrics-dyestuffs
Women's separates created a large production system here - Answers - NYC
•500 factories in NYC creating shirtwaists
•labor intensive
•migrant workers
Production for lower priced garments - Answers - Typically produced in home
Production for better quality garments - Answers - Larger and more modern factories
Textile Industry (What jobs and items are included?) - Answers - •Fibers, yarns, fabrics
•Findings
•Converters
•Wholesale reps who sell findings to apparel producers
Findings - Answers - Zippers, buttons, interfacings
Converters - Answers - Dye, print, finish fabrics
Apparel Industry (What jobs and items are included?) - Answers - •Apparel designers
•Apparel manufacturers-cut and sew fabric to make clothing
• Apparel wholesale reps who sell to retailers
• Apparel retailers (department stores, specialty stores, boutiques, chain stores,
discount stores, catalog, factory outlets, Internet retailers)
Common Names for the Industry - Answers - •Textile Industry
•Fashion Industry
•Apparel Industry
•Garment Industry
•Retail Industry
4 natural fibers we went over - Answers - •Cotton ) Production grew after
•Wool ) revolutionary war/
•Flax (Linen) ) independence
•Silk
What are natural fibers? - Answers - Substances produced by plants and animals that
can be spun into filament, thread or rope and further be woven, knitted, matted or
bound.
•Cotton
•Wool
•Flax
•Silk
Tariff - Answers - A tax on imported goods (Ex: from England)
•to encourage production of cotton, wool, & flax
Import - Answers - Goods purchased from other countries
Export - Answers - Goods sold to other countries
Embargo - Answers - Prohibition on exports or imports (Ex: cigars from Cuba)
,Fabrics made after WWII - Answers - •Nylon-mimics Silk-made completely from
chemicals
•Rayon-made from wood pulp
•Polyester-made from oil
Brought plans for cotton mill to America - Answers - Samuel Slater
Patented cotton gin - Answers - Eli Whitney
Cotton gin - Answers - Engine that cleans cotton
Expansion of U.S. textile industry - Answers - •more jobs = more supply = more demand
•increased long days, and labor conditions (but better than England's), & female
employment
Spinning - Answers - The process of converting fibers into yarn
Weaving - Answers - The process of interlacing long threads passing in one direction
with others at a right angle to them (taking yarn and making fabric)
Ready to Wear (RTW) - Answers - Made for the general market and sold through stores
rather than made to order for an individual customer.
•Demand for basic clothing began to grow (sailors, miners, slaves, middle class)
•Developed for men first (bc easier sizing standards, less complicated) and women last
Made it possible to create clothing quickly - Answers - Sewing machine
Power loom - Answers - Machine that weaves the spun yarns into fabric (originally
water powered)
•Vertical integration
•Brought the advancement of RTW
Vertical Integration - Answers - All processes being completed under 1 roof ~ from
spinning to the finished cloth
Who invented the power loom? - Answers - Francis Cabot
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) - Answers - Refers to business practices that
contribute positively to society
Isaac Singer patented the sewing machine for what? - Answers - Factory use
RTW for women - Answers - Limited ready made items for women in the 1850s
•1st: Outerwear (capes, cloaks, coats) easier
•2nd: Undergarments (corsets) hidden
, •3rd: Skirts and shirtwaists (blouses)
The shirtwaist (blouse) - Answers - •Beginning of RTW separates for women
•Showed that women's roles were changing
•Changed from a craft industry to a factory industry
Paper patterns - Answers - Templates from which parts of the garment are traced and
then cut
(Butterick & McCall are known for their patterns)
Distribution of RTW - Answers - •Brooks Brother opened in NYC
•Dry Goods (Massachusetts) opened, led to modern department stores (Lord & Taylor
in NYC, Macy's)
•Catalogs distributed to rural areas (Sears, Roabuck & Co.)
Gibson Girl - Answers - •Created by Charles Gibson
•1st popular image of American Women
•Feminine ideal of beauty
•Old American ideal = fragile woman
•New American ideal = slender + voluptuous
What fabric is referred to as artificial silk? - Answers - Rayon
Rayon - Answers - •Fabric made from wood pulp
•1st man made fabric
•less expensive than cotton and wool
Nylon - Answers - Made from chemicals
-stockings=1st clothing made from it
-1st synthetic fabric
Production for RTW - Answers - •Grew quickly
•Motorized cutting knives
•Pressing/ironing equipment
•Paper patterns
•began dying fabrics-dyestuffs
Women's separates created a large production system here - Answers - NYC
•500 factories in NYC creating shirtwaists
•labor intensive
•migrant workers
Production for lower priced garments - Answers - Typically produced in home
Production for better quality garments - Answers - Larger and more modern factories
