NUR 155 Foundations of Nursing Exam
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED
A+. 100% Verified Solutions | Updated Per
Latest Guidelines | Graded A+
SECTION 1: NURSING PROCESS & CRITICAL THINKING
Question 1
What does the acronym ADPIE stand for in the nursing process?
A) Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Intervention, Evaluation
B) Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
C) Analysis, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
D) Assessment, Data collection, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
Answer: B
Rationale: ADPIE stands for Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and
Evaluation. This is the systematic framework nurses use to provide patient-
centered care. Assessment involves collecting data; Diagnosis involves analyzing
data to identify problems; Planning involves prioritizing and setting goals;
Implementation involves carrying out interventions; and Evaluation involves
comparing outcomes to goals.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for a client who has joint pain. The nurse incorporates nutritional
status, sleep patterns, energy level, and sense of well-being into the plan of care.
Which concept is the nurse practicing?
,A) Homeostasis
B) Individuality
C) Health promotion
D) Holism
Answer: D
Rationale: Holism in nursing considers the whole person, including physical,
psychological, social, and spiritual well-being. The nurse is addressing the client's
complete state, not just their physical joint pain.
Question 3
Which of the following are techniques of critical thinking? (Select all that apply)
A) Clinical analysis
B) Socratic questioning
C) Inductive reasoning
D) Deductive reasoning
Answer: A, B, C, D
Rationale: The four techniques of critical thinking include clinical analysis, Socratic
questioning, inductive reasoning, and deductive reasoning. Clinical analysis
involves breaking down information; Socratic questioning involves asking probing
questions; inductive reasoning moves from specific to general; deductive
reasoning moves from general to specific.
Question 4
Which type of data is directly obtained from the patient?
A) Primary data
B) Secondary data
C) Subjective data
D) Objective data
, Answer: A
Rationale: Primary data is information directly from the patient. Secondary data is
shared by family members, friends, or other members of the healthcare team.
Subjective data is what the patient shares (e.g., "my tummy hurts"), while
objective data consists of signs that can be measured or observed (e.g., vital
signs).
Question 5
A nurse is assessing a patient and notes the patient is confused, disoriented, and
has a fever. The family reports the confusion started suddenly two days ago. What
is the most likely cause of this patient's confusion?
A) Dementia
B) Delirium secondary to infection
C) Depression
D) Alzheimer's disease
Answer: B
Rationale: Delirium is an acute, reversible state of confusion often caused by
underlying medical conditions such as infection (UTI), medications, or metabolic
disturbances. Dementia is chronic and progressive. The sudden onset with fever
and urinary symptoms points to delirium from an infection.
Question 6
What is the difference between delirium and dementia?
A) Delirium is permanent; dementia is reversible
B) Delirium is reversible; dementia is progressive and permanent
C) Both are reversible
D) Both are permanent
Answer: B
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED
A+. 100% Verified Solutions | Updated Per
Latest Guidelines | Graded A+
SECTION 1: NURSING PROCESS & CRITICAL THINKING
Question 1
What does the acronym ADPIE stand for in the nursing process?
A) Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Intervention, Evaluation
B) Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
C) Analysis, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
D) Assessment, Data collection, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
Answer: B
Rationale: ADPIE stands for Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and
Evaluation. This is the systematic framework nurses use to provide patient-
centered care. Assessment involves collecting data; Diagnosis involves analyzing
data to identify problems; Planning involves prioritizing and setting goals;
Implementation involves carrying out interventions; and Evaluation involves
comparing outcomes to goals.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for a client who has joint pain. The nurse incorporates nutritional
status, sleep patterns, energy level, and sense of well-being into the plan of care.
Which concept is the nurse practicing?
,A) Homeostasis
B) Individuality
C) Health promotion
D) Holism
Answer: D
Rationale: Holism in nursing considers the whole person, including physical,
psychological, social, and spiritual well-being. The nurse is addressing the client's
complete state, not just their physical joint pain.
Question 3
Which of the following are techniques of critical thinking? (Select all that apply)
A) Clinical analysis
B) Socratic questioning
C) Inductive reasoning
D) Deductive reasoning
Answer: A, B, C, D
Rationale: The four techniques of critical thinking include clinical analysis, Socratic
questioning, inductive reasoning, and deductive reasoning. Clinical analysis
involves breaking down information; Socratic questioning involves asking probing
questions; inductive reasoning moves from specific to general; deductive
reasoning moves from general to specific.
Question 4
Which type of data is directly obtained from the patient?
A) Primary data
B) Secondary data
C) Subjective data
D) Objective data
, Answer: A
Rationale: Primary data is information directly from the patient. Secondary data is
shared by family members, friends, or other members of the healthcare team.
Subjective data is what the patient shares (e.g., "my tummy hurts"), while
objective data consists of signs that can be measured or observed (e.g., vital
signs).
Question 5
A nurse is assessing a patient and notes the patient is confused, disoriented, and
has a fever. The family reports the confusion started suddenly two days ago. What
is the most likely cause of this patient's confusion?
A) Dementia
B) Delirium secondary to infection
C) Depression
D) Alzheimer's disease
Answer: B
Rationale: Delirium is an acute, reversible state of confusion often caused by
underlying medical conditions such as infection (UTI), medications, or metabolic
disturbances. Dementia is chronic and progressive. The sudden onset with fever
and urinary symptoms points to delirium from an infection.
Question 6
What is the difference between delirium and dementia?
A) Delirium is permanent; dementia is reversible
B) Delirium is reversible; dementia is progressive and permanent
C) Both are reversible
D) Both are permanent
Answer: B
