NSG 448 Exam 4 V1 | NSG 448 Evidence-
Based Project Capstone | Actual Q&A with
Rationale (NSG448 Exam 4) | Grand
Canyon University
1. A nurse leader is developing a PICOT question for a clinical change project regarding
catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI). In the PICOT format, what does the ‘I’
represent?
A. Implementation
B. Intervention
C. Investigation
D. Indicator
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The ‘I’ in PICOT stands for Intervention or Interest. This component
identifies the specific action, treatment, or clinical practice change that is being proposed
for study. Defining a clear intervention allows the researcher to compare it against current
standards of care to measure effectiveness.
,2. When conducting a literature review for an evidence-based practice (EBP) project, which
database is specifically recognized for providing high-quality systematic reviews and meta-
analyses?
A. CINAHL
B. The Cochrane Library
C. Google Scholar
D. PubMed
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The Cochrane Library is the premier resource for systematic reviews which
provide synthesized evidence on healthcare interventions. It uses rigorous methodology to
evaluate clinical trials and minimize bias in findings. Utilizing Cochrane reviews is
considered a gold standard for establishing Level 1 evidence in EBP.
3. A student is evaluating the level of evidence for a single randomized controlled trial (RCT).
According to the hierarchy of evidence, where does this study rank?
A. Level I
B. Level III
C. Level II
D. Level IV
Correct Answer: C
, Explanation: A single randomized controlled trial is classified as Level II evidence. Level I
is reserved for systematic reviews or meta-analyses of multiple RCTs. Understanding the
hierarchy helps clinicians determine the strength and generalizability of the evidence
before applying it to practice.
4. Which of the following are recognized barriers to the implementation of evidence-based
practice in a hospital setting? Select all that apply.
A. Lack of time for research activities
B. Inadequate access to information technology
C. Resistance from organizational leadership
D. A culture that prioritizes ‘the way we have always done it’
E. Abundance of peer-reviewed nursing journals
F. Lack of knowledge regarding the EBP process
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D, F
Explanation: Common barriers to EBP include structural issues like lack of time and
technical resources, as well as cultural issues like traditionalism and lack of education.
Management support is critical for overcoming these hurdles and fostering an environment
of inquiry. An abundance of journals is typically seen as a facilitator rather than a barrier.
5. In the context of the Belmont Report, the principle of ‘Justice’ refers to which of the
following practices?
A. Ensuring the study does no harm to participants
Based Project Capstone | Actual Q&A with
Rationale (NSG448 Exam 4) | Grand
Canyon University
1. A nurse leader is developing a PICOT question for a clinical change project regarding
catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI). In the PICOT format, what does the ‘I’
represent?
A. Implementation
B. Intervention
C. Investigation
D. Indicator
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The ‘I’ in PICOT stands for Intervention or Interest. This component
identifies the specific action, treatment, or clinical practice change that is being proposed
for study. Defining a clear intervention allows the researcher to compare it against current
standards of care to measure effectiveness.
,2. When conducting a literature review for an evidence-based practice (EBP) project, which
database is specifically recognized for providing high-quality systematic reviews and meta-
analyses?
A. CINAHL
B. The Cochrane Library
C. Google Scholar
D. PubMed
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The Cochrane Library is the premier resource for systematic reviews which
provide synthesized evidence on healthcare interventions. It uses rigorous methodology to
evaluate clinical trials and minimize bias in findings. Utilizing Cochrane reviews is
considered a gold standard for establishing Level 1 evidence in EBP.
3. A student is evaluating the level of evidence for a single randomized controlled trial (RCT).
According to the hierarchy of evidence, where does this study rank?
A. Level I
B. Level III
C. Level II
D. Level IV
Correct Answer: C
, Explanation: A single randomized controlled trial is classified as Level II evidence. Level I
is reserved for systematic reviews or meta-analyses of multiple RCTs. Understanding the
hierarchy helps clinicians determine the strength and generalizability of the evidence
before applying it to practice.
4. Which of the following are recognized barriers to the implementation of evidence-based
practice in a hospital setting? Select all that apply.
A. Lack of time for research activities
B. Inadequate access to information technology
C. Resistance from organizational leadership
D. A culture that prioritizes ‘the way we have always done it’
E. Abundance of peer-reviewed nursing journals
F. Lack of knowledge regarding the EBP process
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D, F
Explanation: Common barriers to EBP include structural issues like lack of time and
technical resources, as well as cultural issues like traditionalism and lack of education.
Management support is critical for overcoming these hurdles and fostering an environment
of inquiry. An abundance of journals is typically seen as a facilitator rather than a barrier.
5. In the context of the Belmont Report, the principle of ‘Justice’ refers to which of the
following practices?
A. Ensuring the study does no harm to participants
