CST Exam Review Spring 2026 Study Guide | Complete
Review | Graded A+
1. Describe the characteristics that differentiate a femoral hernia from other
types of hernias.
A femoral hernia occurs below the inguinal ligament and is more
common in females due to the anatomy of the pelvis.
A femoral hernia is characterized by protrusion through the abdominal
wall and is equally common in both sexes.
A femoral hernia occurs above the inguinal ligament and is more
common in males.
A femoral hernia is a type of umbilical hernia that occurs during
pregnancy.
2. Which of the following is identified as a patient-specific risk factor for urinary
tract infections?
Age
Obesity
Smoking
Gender
3. What type of bacteria is Clostridium classified as?
Facultative bacteria
Aerobic bacteria
Pathogenic bacteria
Anaerobic bacteria
,4. Describe the role of a trocar in surgical procedures and how balloon
dissectors can serve as an alternative.
A trocar is used to create an access point for instruments in
minimally invasive surgery, and balloon dissectors can achieve
similar access by expanding tissue.
A trocar is a type of surgical instrument used for suturing, whereas
balloon dissectors are used for sterilization.
A trocar is used for patient monitoring, while balloon dissectors are
used for tissue removal.
A trocar is primarily used for suturing, while balloon dissectors are
used for cutting.
5. Describe the significance of wearing proper OR attire during surgical
procedures.
Wearing proper OR attire is crucial for preventing infections and
maintaining a sterile field during surgery.
Proper OR attire is mainly for aesthetic purposes.
OR attire is only necessary for the lead surgeon.
Wearing OR attire helps in identifying surgical instruments.
6. Which pressure ulcer involves full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone,
tendon or muscle; may have slough or eschar
stage II
stage III
unstageable/unclassified
suspected deep tissue injury
stage I
, stage IV
7. Which artery supplies blood to the knee joint and muscles in the thigh and
calf?
anterior tibial
posterior tibial
popliteal
dorsalis pedis
8. What is the correct method for passing ring-handled instruments during
surgery?
By throwing the instrument to the surgeon.
By handing the instrument without holding the ring.
By holding the instrument by the ring and passing it to the surgeon.
By passing the instrument with the tips facing the surgeon.
9. What is the name of the muscle that regulates bile flow into the small
intestine?
Pyloric sphincter
Sphincter of Oddi
Ileocecal valve
Cardiac sphincter
10. In a surgical scenario, if a patient presents with a hernia, what preoperative
considerations should be taken into account to ensure patient safety?
Advise the patient to avoid all physical activity indefinitely.
, Provide the patient with dietary restrictions to manage the hernia.
Immediately schedule the patient for surgery without further
evaluation.
Assess the hernia for signs of strangulation and evaluate the
patient's overall health status.
11. What is the name of the blood vessel that supplies blood to the lateral lower
extremity?
Anterior tibial artery
Femoral artery
Popliteal artery
Peroneal artery
12. Describe the role of surgical instruments in rhinoplasty and their impact on
the procedure's outcome.
Instruments are used solely for patient safety and have no role in the
procedure.
Instruments are irrelevant to the surgical outcome.
Surgical instruments are only used for cutting and have no impact on
the outcome.
Surgical instruments like rhinoplasty scissors are essential for
precise tissue manipulation, which enhances the outcome of the
procedure.
13. In a scenario where a surgical team needs to sterilize delicate electronic
instruments, which sterilization method would be most appropriate and
why?
Review | Graded A+
1. Describe the characteristics that differentiate a femoral hernia from other
types of hernias.
A femoral hernia occurs below the inguinal ligament and is more
common in females due to the anatomy of the pelvis.
A femoral hernia is characterized by protrusion through the abdominal
wall and is equally common in both sexes.
A femoral hernia occurs above the inguinal ligament and is more
common in males.
A femoral hernia is a type of umbilical hernia that occurs during
pregnancy.
2. Which of the following is identified as a patient-specific risk factor for urinary
tract infections?
Age
Obesity
Smoking
Gender
3. What type of bacteria is Clostridium classified as?
Facultative bacteria
Aerobic bacteria
Pathogenic bacteria
Anaerobic bacteria
,4. Describe the role of a trocar in surgical procedures and how balloon
dissectors can serve as an alternative.
A trocar is used to create an access point for instruments in
minimally invasive surgery, and balloon dissectors can achieve
similar access by expanding tissue.
A trocar is a type of surgical instrument used for suturing, whereas
balloon dissectors are used for sterilization.
A trocar is used for patient monitoring, while balloon dissectors are
used for tissue removal.
A trocar is primarily used for suturing, while balloon dissectors are
used for cutting.
5. Describe the significance of wearing proper OR attire during surgical
procedures.
Wearing proper OR attire is crucial for preventing infections and
maintaining a sterile field during surgery.
Proper OR attire is mainly for aesthetic purposes.
OR attire is only necessary for the lead surgeon.
Wearing OR attire helps in identifying surgical instruments.
6. Which pressure ulcer involves full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone,
tendon or muscle; may have slough or eschar
stage II
stage III
unstageable/unclassified
suspected deep tissue injury
stage I
, stage IV
7. Which artery supplies blood to the knee joint and muscles in the thigh and
calf?
anterior tibial
posterior tibial
popliteal
dorsalis pedis
8. What is the correct method for passing ring-handled instruments during
surgery?
By throwing the instrument to the surgeon.
By handing the instrument without holding the ring.
By holding the instrument by the ring and passing it to the surgeon.
By passing the instrument with the tips facing the surgeon.
9. What is the name of the muscle that regulates bile flow into the small
intestine?
Pyloric sphincter
Sphincter of Oddi
Ileocecal valve
Cardiac sphincter
10. In a surgical scenario, if a patient presents with a hernia, what preoperative
considerations should be taken into account to ensure patient safety?
Advise the patient to avoid all physical activity indefinitely.
, Provide the patient with dietary restrictions to manage the hernia.
Immediately schedule the patient for surgery without further
evaluation.
Assess the hernia for signs of strangulation and evaluate the
patient's overall health status.
11. What is the name of the blood vessel that supplies blood to the lateral lower
extremity?
Anterior tibial artery
Femoral artery
Popliteal artery
Peroneal artery
12. Describe the role of surgical instruments in rhinoplasty and their impact on
the procedure's outcome.
Instruments are used solely for patient safety and have no role in the
procedure.
Instruments are irrelevant to the surgical outcome.
Surgical instruments are only used for cutting and have no impact on
the outcome.
Surgical instruments like rhinoplasty scissors are essential for
precise tissue manipulation, which enhances the outcome of the
procedure.
13. In a scenario where a surgical team needs to sterilize delicate electronic
instruments, which sterilization method would be most appropriate and
why?
