NSC 170 Exam 1 Study Guide With
Complete Solutions
Fats - ANSWER Major fuel source
Help cushion organs to prevent damage
Acts as insulation
Protein - ANSWER Can be used as energy
Better used in building/maintaining tissues, organs, and muscles
Make most enzymes and hormones
Help transport other nutrients
Help maintain healthy immune system
What are the 6 categories of nutrients - ANSWER Fats, protein, carbohydrates -
provide energy in kilo calories
Vitamins, minerals, water
Carbohydrates - ANSWER Provide simple sugar (glucose)
Major energy source for cells
Most of the daily calories come from carbohydrates
Vitamins and minerals - ANSWER Assists enzymes, speeds up reactions in the
body
Required to use carbs, fats and proteins
Sustain various chemical reactions
Water - ANSWER 65% of the human body
Fluid medium inside cells
Helps chemical reactions take place
Bathes the outside of cells
Transports vital nutrients and oxygen to cells
Removes waste products from cells
Helps maintain body temp
Acts as lubricant for eyes, joints, mouth, and intestianal tract
Surrounds organs and cushions them from injury
, What are 2 examples of non-nutirents? What roles do they play in our diets? -
ANSWER Fiber : help digestive tract
Phytochemicals : can help prevent diseases
What influences our food choices? - ANSWER Taste/culture, social
customs/trends, advertising, cost/time/convenience, habits/emotions
How do these differ from past generations? - ANSWER Knowledge has
increased tremendously over the last century; concerns about nutrition and
health have shifted from the prevention of deficiency diseases (such as rickets
and beriberi), to the prevention of chronic diseases (such as heart diseases and
type 2 diabetes)
What is the difference between hunger and appetite? - ANSWER Hunger:
physical need for food
Appetite: physical desire to eat or drink
Which diseases are affected by nutrition? - ANSWER Heart disease, cancer,
stroke, diabetes
How does nutrition influence disease? - ANSWER If you don't eat a well balanced
diet, too many foods high in fat, processed foods high in sodium, can contribute
to health problems high cholesterol, diabetes, high blood pressure all of these
diseases can be prevented with a good diet
What is the scientific method? - ANSWER A process of experimental steps used
to generate sound research
What are the basic steps? - ANSWER 1) observe and ask questions
2) formulate a hypothesis (idea based on an observation)
3) conduct an experiement to test the hypothesis
4) revise or formulate a new hypothesis
What are the differences between observational method and the experimental
method? - ANSWER Observational: looking at two or more groups to see if there
is a relationship
Experimental: having an experimental group and a control group and giving the
control group a placebo
What is the gold standard in the experiential model? - ANSWER A double blind
placebo controlled study. Neither of the groups or controllers know which group
is taking the real pill vs placebo.
Who can you find who you can trust with the most current and accurate nutrition
advice? - ANSWER Registered dietitian (RD): completed at least a bachelor's
Complete Solutions
Fats - ANSWER Major fuel source
Help cushion organs to prevent damage
Acts as insulation
Protein - ANSWER Can be used as energy
Better used in building/maintaining tissues, organs, and muscles
Make most enzymes and hormones
Help transport other nutrients
Help maintain healthy immune system
What are the 6 categories of nutrients - ANSWER Fats, protein, carbohydrates -
provide energy in kilo calories
Vitamins, minerals, water
Carbohydrates - ANSWER Provide simple sugar (glucose)
Major energy source for cells
Most of the daily calories come from carbohydrates
Vitamins and minerals - ANSWER Assists enzymes, speeds up reactions in the
body
Required to use carbs, fats and proteins
Sustain various chemical reactions
Water - ANSWER 65% of the human body
Fluid medium inside cells
Helps chemical reactions take place
Bathes the outside of cells
Transports vital nutrients and oxygen to cells
Removes waste products from cells
Helps maintain body temp
Acts as lubricant for eyes, joints, mouth, and intestianal tract
Surrounds organs and cushions them from injury
, What are 2 examples of non-nutirents? What roles do they play in our diets? -
ANSWER Fiber : help digestive tract
Phytochemicals : can help prevent diseases
What influences our food choices? - ANSWER Taste/culture, social
customs/trends, advertising, cost/time/convenience, habits/emotions
How do these differ from past generations? - ANSWER Knowledge has
increased tremendously over the last century; concerns about nutrition and
health have shifted from the prevention of deficiency diseases (such as rickets
and beriberi), to the prevention of chronic diseases (such as heart diseases and
type 2 diabetes)
What is the difference between hunger and appetite? - ANSWER Hunger:
physical need for food
Appetite: physical desire to eat or drink
Which diseases are affected by nutrition? - ANSWER Heart disease, cancer,
stroke, diabetes
How does nutrition influence disease? - ANSWER If you don't eat a well balanced
diet, too many foods high in fat, processed foods high in sodium, can contribute
to health problems high cholesterol, diabetes, high blood pressure all of these
diseases can be prevented with a good diet
What is the scientific method? - ANSWER A process of experimental steps used
to generate sound research
What are the basic steps? - ANSWER 1) observe and ask questions
2) formulate a hypothesis (idea based on an observation)
3) conduct an experiement to test the hypothesis
4) revise or formulate a new hypothesis
What are the differences between observational method and the experimental
method? - ANSWER Observational: looking at two or more groups to see if there
is a relationship
Experimental: having an experimental group and a control group and giving the
control group a placebo
What is the gold standard in the experiential model? - ANSWER A double blind
placebo controlled study. Neither of the groups or controllers know which group
is taking the real pill vs placebo.
Who can you find who you can trust with the most current and accurate nutrition
advice? - ANSWER Registered dietitian (RD): completed at least a bachelor's
