ONS ONCC
CHEMOTHERAPY
IMMUNOTHERAPY
CERTIFICATE
QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+ 2025-2026
Lesson 1: Foundations to Set the Stage - ANS-
Focusing on Cellular Structure and Function - ANS-
The Normal Cell Cycle - ANS--The cell cycle refers to the ordered seres of processes of
DNA replication and mitosis, or cell division
-Cell nucleus regulates these processes by gathering and processing complexes
molecular information
Interphase and Mitotic Phase - ANS-Cell division produces two identical cells through
these two major phases
During interphase: - ANS-Cell grows and DNA is replicated through the following three
steps:
,1: First growth phase (G1 or first gap)
2: Synthesis phase (S phase)
3:Mitotic Phse (M phase)
First Growth Phase (G1 or first gap) - ANS--cells increase in size
-reproduce RNA
-"quality assurance" test that the cell will be ready to synthesis DNA
-Length of time is variable, can be from hours to days
Synthesis Phase (S phase) - ANS--DNA replicates
-Results in the formation of identical pairs of DNA (chromatids)
-which are attached a t the centromere
-lasts 2-10 hours
Mitotic Phase (M phase) - ANS--Replicated chromosomes are aligned, separated, and
move into 2 new, identical daughter cells
-takes about 30-60 minutes
Major points of cell regulation are entry and exit from - ANS--G1 checkpoint
-S Phase
, -G2 checkpoint
-M phase
Restriction Point - ANS--The transition from the resting phase into an actively dividing
phase (G0-G1) is a point where cellular transformation can occur
-During this time, cells pass through a transition phase known as a restriction point
-Extracellular growth factors trigger reentry into G1, and GF are required to send the
cells past the restriction point, or the point of no return
G0 Phase (resting phase) - ANS--After mitosis, cells may enter back into the G1 phase
or go into a resting phase, known as G0
-Most cells in the human body reside in G0
-Exceptions to this are those that are (Resting in G0 phase) - ANS--Exceptions to this
are those that are metabollically active, such as
-granulocytes
-and the epithelium of the GI tract
Cell Cycling Time - ANS-Amount of time from mitosis to mitosis
Cell cycle video and image - ANS-
http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animati
on__how_the_cell_cycle_works.html
CHEMOTHERAPY
IMMUNOTHERAPY
CERTIFICATE
QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+ 2025-2026
Lesson 1: Foundations to Set the Stage - ANS-
Focusing on Cellular Structure and Function - ANS-
The Normal Cell Cycle - ANS--The cell cycle refers to the ordered seres of processes of
DNA replication and mitosis, or cell division
-Cell nucleus regulates these processes by gathering and processing complexes
molecular information
Interphase and Mitotic Phase - ANS-Cell division produces two identical cells through
these two major phases
During interphase: - ANS-Cell grows and DNA is replicated through the following three
steps:
,1: First growth phase (G1 or first gap)
2: Synthesis phase (S phase)
3:Mitotic Phse (M phase)
First Growth Phase (G1 or first gap) - ANS--cells increase in size
-reproduce RNA
-"quality assurance" test that the cell will be ready to synthesis DNA
-Length of time is variable, can be from hours to days
Synthesis Phase (S phase) - ANS--DNA replicates
-Results in the formation of identical pairs of DNA (chromatids)
-which are attached a t the centromere
-lasts 2-10 hours
Mitotic Phase (M phase) - ANS--Replicated chromosomes are aligned, separated, and
move into 2 new, identical daughter cells
-takes about 30-60 minutes
Major points of cell regulation are entry and exit from - ANS--G1 checkpoint
-S Phase
, -G2 checkpoint
-M phase
Restriction Point - ANS--The transition from the resting phase into an actively dividing
phase (G0-G1) is a point where cellular transformation can occur
-During this time, cells pass through a transition phase known as a restriction point
-Extracellular growth factors trigger reentry into G1, and GF are required to send the
cells past the restriction point, or the point of no return
G0 Phase (resting phase) - ANS--After mitosis, cells may enter back into the G1 phase
or go into a resting phase, known as G0
-Most cells in the human body reside in G0
-Exceptions to this are those that are (Resting in G0 phase) - ANS--Exceptions to this
are those that are metabollically active, such as
-granulocytes
-and the epithelium of the GI tract
Cell Cycling Time - ANS-Amount of time from mitosis to mitosis
Cell cycle video and image - ANS-
http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animati
on__how_the_cell_cycle_works.html
