Chamberlain University
2M · 151 DOIB
★ ★
C College of Nursing & Public Health
EST. 1889
E X C E L L E N C E · I N N O V AT I O N · I N T E G R I T Y · W O R L D C L A S S S E R V I C E
BIOD 151: Module 2 - Problem Set
R E S P I RATO RY SYST E M A N ATO M Y & P H YS I O LO G Y
INSTITUTION Chamberlain University PROGRAM Bachelor of Science in Nursing —
BIOD 151
COURSE CODE BIOD 151 COURSE TITLE Human Anatomy & Physiology I —
Module 2
ACADEMIC YEAR EXAM TITLE BIOD 151: Module 2 - Problem Set
TOTAL QUESTIONS 45 Questions FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the
Single Best Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question unless otherwise instructed.
▸ Respiratory anatomy, physiology, and pathology are all testable content.
▸ Gas exchange mechanics, pressure gradients, and lung volumes are emphasized.
▸ Correct answers and clinical rationales appear below each question for board review purposes.
▸ All physiological data reflects current evidence-based clinical guidelines.
, SECTION I — RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: ANATOMY,
Questions 1 – 45
PHYSIOLOGY & PATHOLOGY
1. What is the name of the "floor" of the epithelium in the respiratory tract?
A. Apical membrane
B. Basement membrane
C. Basal lamina
D. Reticular membrane
CORRECT ANSWER B — Basement membrane
RATIONALE The basement membrane is the "floor" of the epithelium in the respiratory tract.
It provides structural support for the epithelial cells and serves as a barrier
between the epithelium and underlying connective tissue. The basement
membrane is a key structural feature of the respiratory epithelium, which is
primarily ciliated pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium.
2. What is the most abundant cell found within the alveoli?
A. Type I alveolar cells
B. Type II alveolar cells
C. Alveolar macrophages
D. Goblet cells
CORRECT ANSWER C — Alveolar macrophages
RATIONALE Alveolar macrophages are the most abundant cell found within the alveoli. These
cells play a crucial role in pulmonary defense by phagocytizing inhaled particles,
bacteria, and debris. They are part of the innate immune system and are essential
for maintaining sterile alveolar surfaces. Their abundance reflects the constant
exposure of the respiratory system to airborne pathogens and particles.
, 3. What is the major histology type in the respiratory system?
A. Simple squamous epithelium
B. Ciliated pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium
C. Stratified squamous epithelium
D. Simple cuboidal epithelium
CORRECT ANSWER B — Ciliated pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium
RATIONALE The major histology type in the respiratory system is ciliated pseudo-stratified
columnar epithelium. This tissue type lines most of the respiratory tract from the
nasal cavity to the bronchi. The cilia help move mucus and trapped particles
upward toward the pharynx for removal (mucociliary escalator), while the goblet
cells produce mucus to trap inhaled particles. This specialized epithelium is
adapted for both protection and air conditioning.
4. What is the amount of air able to be exhaled beyond normal exhalation?
A. Tidal Volume
B. Inspiratory Reserve Volume
C. Expiratory Reserve Volume
D. Residual Volume
CORRECT ANSWER C — Expiratory Reserve Volume
RATIONALE Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) is the amount of air able to be exhaled beyond
normal exhalation (tidal volume). It represents the additional air that can be
forcefully exhaled after a normal, quiet exhalation. ERV is one of the four primary
lung volumes and is important in pulmonary function testing. Normal ERV values
vary with age, sex, and body position but typically range from 700-1200 mL.
2M · 151 DOIB
★ ★
C College of Nursing & Public Health
EST. 1889
E X C E L L E N C E · I N N O V AT I O N · I N T E G R I T Y · W O R L D C L A S S S E R V I C E
BIOD 151: Module 2 - Problem Set
R E S P I RATO RY SYST E M A N ATO M Y & P H YS I O LO G Y
INSTITUTION Chamberlain University PROGRAM Bachelor of Science in Nursing —
BIOD 151
COURSE CODE BIOD 151 COURSE TITLE Human Anatomy & Physiology I —
Module 2
ACADEMIC YEAR EXAM TITLE BIOD 151: Module 2 - Problem Set
TOTAL QUESTIONS 45 Questions FORMAT Multiple Choice — Select the
Single Best Answer
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS
▸ Select the single best answer for each question unless otherwise instructed.
▸ Respiratory anatomy, physiology, and pathology are all testable content.
▸ Gas exchange mechanics, pressure gradients, and lung volumes are emphasized.
▸ Correct answers and clinical rationales appear below each question for board review purposes.
▸ All physiological data reflects current evidence-based clinical guidelines.
, SECTION I — RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: ANATOMY,
Questions 1 – 45
PHYSIOLOGY & PATHOLOGY
1. What is the name of the "floor" of the epithelium in the respiratory tract?
A. Apical membrane
B. Basement membrane
C. Basal lamina
D. Reticular membrane
CORRECT ANSWER B — Basement membrane
RATIONALE The basement membrane is the "floor" of the epithelium in the respiratory tract.
It provides structural support for the epithelial cells and serves as a barrier
between the epithelium and underlying connective tissue. The basement
membrane is a key structural feature of the respiratory epithelium, which is
primarily ciliated pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium.
2. What is the most abundant cell found within the alveoli?
A. Type I alveolar cells
B. Type II alveolar cells
C. Alveolar macrophages
D. Goblet cells
CORRECT ANSWER C — Alveolar macrophages
RATIONALE Alveolar macrophages are the most abundant cell found within the alveoli. These
cells play a crucial role in pulmonary defense by phagocytizing inhaled particles,
bacteria, and debris. They are part of the innate immune system and are essential
for maintaining sterile alveolar surfaces. Their abundance reflects the constant
exposure of the respiratory system to airborne pathogens and particles.
, 3. What is the major histology type in the respiratory system?
A. Simple squamous epithelium
B. Ciliated pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium
C. Stratified squamous epithelium
D. Simple cuboidal epithelium
CORRECT ANSWER B — Ciliated pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium
RATIONALE The major histology type in the respiratory system is ciliated pseudo-stratified
columnar epithelium. This tissue type lines most of the respiratory tract from the
nasal cavity to the bronchi. The cilia help move mucus and trapped particles
upward toward the pharynx for removal (mucociliary escalator), while the goblet
cells produce mucus to trap inhaled particles. This specialized epithelium is
adapted for both protection and air conditioning.
4. What is the amount of air able to be exhaled beyond normal exhalation?
A. Tidal Volume
B. Inspiratory Reserve Volume
C. Expiratory Reserve Volume
D. Residual Volume
CORRECT ANSWER C — Expiratory Reserve Volume
RATIONALE Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) is the amount of air able to be exhaled beyond
normal exhalation (tidal volume). It represents the additional air that can be
forcefully exhaled after a normal, quiet exhalation. ERV is one of the four primary
lung volumes and is important in pulmonary function testing. Normal ERV values
vary with age, sex, and body position but typically range from 700-1200 mL.
