TEST BANK deWit's Fundamental Concepts and Skills
for Nursing Chapter 01: Nursing and the Health Care
System
Total Questions: 200
Question Type: Multiple Choice
Answer Key: Correct answer indicated in bold after each question
Rationales: Provided for each correct answer
CHAPTER 1 – NURSING AND THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
1. Florence Nightingale's contributions to nursing practice and education:
- A) are historically important but have no validity for nursing today.
- B) were neither recognized nor appreciated in her own time.
- C) were a major factor in reducing the death rate in the Crimean War.
- D) were limited only to the care of severe traumatic wounds.
Answer: C
Rationale: By improving sanitation, nutrition, ventilation, and handwashing techniques, Florence
Nightingale's nurses dramatically reduced the death rate from injuries in the Crimean War. Her
work laid the foundation for modern nursing practice.
2. Early nursing education and care in the United States:
- A) were directed at community health.
- B) provided independence for women through education and employment.
- C) were an educational model based in institutions of higher learning.
- D) have continued to be entirely focused on hospital nursing.
Answer: B
Rationale: Because of the influence of early nursing leaders, nursing education became more
formalized through apprenticeships in Nightingale schools that offered independence to women
through education and employment.
,3. In order to fulfill the common goals defined by nursing theorists (promote wellness, prevent
illness, facilitate coping, and restore health), the LPN must take on the roles of:
- A) caregiver, educator, and collaborator.
- B) nursing assistant, delegator, and environmental specialist.
- C) medication dispenser, collaborator, and transporter.
- D) dietitian, manager, and housekeeper.
Answer: A
Rationale: In order for the LPN to apply the common goals of nursing, he or she must assume
the roles of caregiver, educator, collaborator, manager, and advocate.
4. Although nursing theories differ in their attempts to define nursing, all of them base their
beliefs on common concepts concerning:
- A) self-actualization, fundamental needs, and belonging.
- B) stress reduction, self-care, and a systems model.
- C) curative care, restorative care, and terminal care.
- D) human relationships, the environment, and health.
Answer: D
Rationale: Although nursing theories differ, they all base their beliefs on human relationships,
the environment, and health.
5. Standards of care for the nursing practice of the LPN are established by the:
- A) Boards of Nursing Examiners in each state.
- B) National Council of States Boards of Nursing (NCSBN).
- C) American Nurses Association (ANA).
- D) National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses.
Answer: D
Rationale: The National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses modified the standards
published by the ANA in 2004 to better fit the role of the LPN.
6. The LPN demonstrates an evidence-based practice when he or she:
- A) uses current research findings to guide clinical decisions.
- B) follows traditional practices without question.
- C) relies solely on personal experience.
- D) bases care on what the physician orders.
,Answer: A
Rationale: Evidence-based practice involves using the best available research evidence, clinical
expertise, and patient preferences to guide clinical decisions.
7. The nurse who uses critical thinking in practice will:
- A) follow all orders without question.
- B) analyze data and make reasoned decisions.
- C) rely on intuition only.
- D) avoid asking questions.
Answer: B
Rationale: Critical thinking involves analyzing data, evaluating evidence, and making reasoned
decisions to provide safe, effective patient care.
8. The primary purpose of the nursing process is to:
- A) provide a framework for documentation.
- B) provide a systematic method for delivering patient-centered care.
- C) satisfy legal requirements.
- D) standardize nursing care across all settings.
Answer: B
Rationale: The nursing process is a systematic, problem-solving approach that guides nurses in
providing individualized, patient-centered care.
9. The steps of the nursing process in correct order are:
- A) Planning, Assessment, Implementation, Evaluation, Diagnosis
- B) Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
- C) Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
- D) Assessment, Planning, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
Answer: B
Rationale: The nursing process follows the sequence: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning,
Implementation, and Evaluation (ADPIE).
10. During the assessment phase of the nursing process, the nurse:
- A) collects data about the patient's health status.
, - B) identifies nursing diagnoses.
- C) develops goals and outcomes.
- D) evaluates the effectiveness of interventions.
Answer: A
Rationale: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process and involves collecting subjective
and objective data about the patient's health status.
11. A nursing diagnosis differs from a medical diagnosis in that it:
- A) identifies a disease process.
- B) describes the patient's response to a health problem.
- C) is made by the physician.
- D) is used for billing purposes.
Answer: B
Rationale: A nursing diagnosis identifies the patient's response to actual or potential health
problems, while a medical diagnosis identifies a disease or pathological condition.
12. The nurse is caring for a patient who is anxious about an upcoming surgery. Which nursing
diagnosis is most appropriate?
- A) Risk for Infection
- B) Anxiety related to impending surgery
- C) Impaired Physical Mobility
- D) Ineffective Breathing Pattern
Answer: B
Rationale: Anxiety related to impending surgery is a nursing diagnosis that addresses the
patient's psychological response to a stressful event.
13. During the planning phase of the nursing process, the nurse:
- A) collects patient data.
- B) identifies nursing diagnoses.
- C) establishes goals and expected outcomes.
- D) evaluates the effectiveness of care.
Answer: C
Rationale: During the planning phase, the nurse develops goals and expected outcomes for the
patient based on the nursing diagnoses.
for Nursing Chapter 01: Nursing and the Health Care
System
Total Questions: 200
Question Type: Multiple Choice
Answer Key: Correct answer indicated in bold after each question
Rationales: Provided for each correct answer
CHAPTER 1 – NURSING AND THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
1. Florence Nightingale's contributions to nursing practice and education:
- A) are historically important but have no validity for nursing today.
- B) were neither recognized nor appreciated in her own time.
- C) were a major factor in reducing the death rate in the Crimean War.
- D) were limited only to the care of severe traumatic wounds.
Answer: C
Rationale: By improving sanitation, nutrition, ventilation, and handwashing techniques, Florence
Nightingale's nurses dramatically reduced the death rate from injuries in the Crimean War. Her
work laid the foundation for modern nursing practice.
2. Early nursing education and care in the United States:
- A) were directed at community health.
- B) provided independence for women through education and employment.
- C) were an educational model based in institutions of higher learning.
- D) have continued to be entirely focused on hospital nursing.
Answer: B
Rationale: Because of the influence of early nursing leaders, nursing education became more
formalized through apprenticeships in Nightingale schools that offered independence to women
through education and employment.
,3. In order to fulfill the common goals defined by nursing theorists (promote wellness, prevent
illness, facilitate coping, and restore health), the LPN must take on the roles of:
- A) caregiver, educator, and collaborator.
- B) nursing assistant, delegator, and environmental specialist.
- C) medication dispenser, collaborator, and transporter.
- D) dietitian, manager, and housekeeper.
Answer: A
Rationale: In order for the LPN to apply the common goals of nursing, he or she must assume
the roles of caregiver, educator, collaborator, manager, and advocate.
4. Although nursing theories differ in their attempts to define nursing, all of them base their
beliefs on common concepts concerning:
- A) self-actualization, fundamental needs, and belonging.
- B) stress reduction, self-care, and a systems model.
- C) curative care, restorative care, and terminal care.
- D) human relationships, the environment, and health.
Answer: D
Rationale: Although nursing theories differ, they all base their beliefs on human relationships,
the environment, and health.
5. Standards of care for the nursing practice of the LPN are established by the:
- A) Boards of Nursing Examiners in each state.
- B) National Council of States Boards of Nursing (NCSBN).
- C) American Nurses Association (ANA).
- D) National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses.
Answer: D
Rationale: The National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses modified the standards
published by the ANA in 2004 to better fit the role of the LPN.
6. The LPN demonstrates an evidence-based practice when he or she:
- A) uses current research findings to guide clinical decisions.
- B) follows traditional practices without question.
- C) relies solely on personal experience.
- D) bases care on what the physician orders.
,Answer: A
Rationale: Evidence-based practice involves using the best available research evidence, clinical
expertise, and patient preferences to guide clinical decisions.
7. The nurse who uses critical thinking in practice will:
- A) follow all orders without question.
- B) analyze data and make reasoned decisions.
- C) rely on intuition only.
- D) avoid asking questions.
Answer: B
Rationale: Critical thinking involves analyzing data, evaluating evidence, and making reasoned
decisions to provide safe, effective patient care.
8. The primary purpose of the nursing process is to:
- A) provide a framework for documentation.
- B) provide a systematic method for delivering patient-centered care.
- C) satisfy legal requirements.
- D) standardize nursing care across all settings.
Answer: B
Rationale: The nursing process is a systematic, problem-solving approach that guides nurses in
providing individualized, patient-centered care.
9. The steps of the nursing process in correct order are:
- A) Planning, Assessment, Implementation, Evaluation, Diagnosis
- B) Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
- C) Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
- D) Assessment, Planning, Diagnosis, Implementation, Evaluation
Answer: B
Rationale: The nursing process follows the sequence: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning,
Implementation, and Evaluation (ADPIE).
10. During the assessment phase of the nursing process, the nurse:
- A) collects data about the patient's health status.
, - B) identifies nursing diagnoses.
- C) develops goals and outcomes.
- D) evaluates the effectiveness of interventions.
Answer: A
Rationale: Assessment is the first step of the nursing process and involves collecting subjective
and objective data about the patient's health status.
11. A nursing diagnosis differs from a medical diagnosis in that it:
- A) identifies a disease process.
- B) describes the patient's response to a health problem.
- C) is made by the physician.
- D) is used for billing purposes.
Answer: B
Rationale: A nursing diagnosis identifies the patient's response to actual or potential health
problems, while a medical diagnosis identifies a disease or pathological condition.
12. The nurse is caring for a patient who is anxious about an upcoming surgery. Which nursing
diagnosis is most appropriate?
- A) Risk for Infection
- B) Anxiety related to impending surgery
- C) Impaired Physical Mobility
- D) Ineffective Breathing Pattern
Answer: B
Rationale: Anxiety related to impending surgery is a nursing diagnosis that addresses the
patient's psychological response to a stressful event.
13. During the planning phase of the nursing process, the nurse:
- A) collects patient data.
- B) identifies nursing diagnoses.
- C) establishes goals and expected outcomes.
- D) evaluates the effectiveness of care.
Answer: C
Rationale: During the planning phase, the nurse develops goals and expected outcomes for the
patient based on the nursing diagnoses.
